Badly behaved Spanish!

1. Badly behaved Spanish! Sometimes in Languages, you come across phrases that just don’t seem translatable, or phrases whose meaning just doesn’t appear obvious to you. Remember back when you started Spanish... learning that ‘tengo’ means ‘i have’? Remember a few weeks after that... discovering ‘Tengo ocho años’ means ‘I am 8 years old’ ? (I have 8 years?????) Confusing? This presentation will help you to remember 100+ phrases like the one above and hopefully give you some help in figuring things out for yourself when you do reading exams or exercises. Go into ‘slide show view’ on slide 2 and navigate your way around the presentation in this way. Each mouse click on a slide will reveal the English meaning BUT try to guess what the meaning is BEFORE you click. The pumpkin will take you back to the title screen (slide 2) I do not own Timbaland

2. Please enter ‘slide-show view’ to begin and click a number Badly behaved Spanish! 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100

3. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 1. Tener phrases – Part 1 Tener normally means ‘to have’ so you may be forgiven for thinking that it’s a nice, easy-to-understand verb. Unfortunately, tener is used in loads of phrases where we would use ‘to be’ in English. See how many you can match up to the pics. 1. Tener hambre 2. Tener sed 3. Tener siete años 4. Tener éxito 5. Tener calor 6. Tener frío 7. Tener ganas de vomitar 8. Tener miedo 9. Tener sueño 10. Tener prisa 11. Tener razón 4 To be hungry To be thirsty To be 7 years old to be successful to be hot to be cold 8 2 10 5 7 3 6 To want to be sick To be scared To be tired to be in a hurry to be right/correct 11 9 1 Main menu

4. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 2. Tener phrases – Part 2 Try to translate these 4 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Blancanieves tenía mucho sueño Juanita cree que siempre tiene razón Snow White was very tired Juanita thinks she is always right Voy a tener seis años en noviembre No me pares, que tengo mucha prisa I’m going to be 6 years old in november Don’t stop me, I’m in a rush Main menu

5. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 3. Tener phrases – Part 3 Try to translate these 4 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Las pirañas tienen hambre a menudo Tengo calor – voy a quitarme la chaqueta Piranhas are often hungry I’m hot – I’m going to take off my jacket Cuando corren en el desierto, es normal que los atletas tengan sed Ella no me quiere - tengo ganas de llorar She doesn’t love me – I want to cry When they run in the desert, it’s normal for the athletes to be thirsty Main menu

6. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 4. Ojalá This phrase comes for an arabic religious word meaning ‘God willing’; although you could also translate it as ‘I wish’ / ‘I hope’. It’s used with the subjunctive. Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Ojalá pudiera volar I wish i could fly Ojalá sea algo caro I hope it’s something expensive Ojalá hubiera comprado una nueva taza I wish i had bought a new cup Main menu

7. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 5. Susan’s / The cat’s / Japan’s In English we express possession by using apostrophe + s (Japan’s president / Susan’s house); however in Spanish they always use ‘de’(belonging to) (El presidente de Japón) (La casa de Susan). Try to translate these 4 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Las joyas de la reina de Sheba La gente del barrio se reúne en el parque The Queen of Sheba’s jewels The neighbourhood’s people meet in the park Los lagartos de la isla de Gran Canaria Cuatro camiones de cinco toneladas de capacidad Four 5-tonne lorries The island of Gran Canaria’s lizards Main menu

8. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 6. Passive use of ‘se’ Part 1 What’s the difference between ‘llama’ and ‘se llama’? ‘hace’ and ‘se hace’? In Spanish, when you want to express the idea of something being done/being called/being said, you would use SE + 3rd person singular or plural of a verb. ACTIVE - CALLING PASSIVE – BEING CALLED Llama a su madre cada noche La niña se llama Beatriz She calls her mother every night The girl is called Beatriz ACTIVE - MAKING PASSIVE – BEING MADE En América hacen la tarta con manzanas La lasaña se hace con queso Lasagne is made with cheese In America they make the pie with apples Main menu

9. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 7. Passive use of ‘se’ part 2 Try to translate these 4 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. En el pasado se sabía poco de la astronomía Se dice que hay extraterrestres en el Marte In the past, little was known about astronomy It is said that there are aliens on Mars Los españoles se consideran católicos ‘Jirafa’ no se escribe con una g en español ‘Giraffe’ is not written with a g in Spanish Spanish people are considered to be catholic Main menu

10. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 8. Impersonal use of ‘se’ In Spanish, we also see an ‘impersonal’ use of ‘se’ with 3rd person singular/plural verbs. It is very similar to the passive use and can be translated in English as ‘one can’(se puede) ‘one must’ (se debe) ‘one has to’ (se tiene que) No se permite fumar en los bars No se debe comer con prisa Smoking is not allowed (one can’t smoke) in bars One shouldn’t eat too quickly Antes, se entraba por la puerta trasera Se tiene que controlar las emociones Before, one used to go in by the backdoor One has to control their emotions Main menu

11. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 9. Verbs like ‘gustar’ & ‘encantar’ Normally verbs work like this….You begin with an infinitive… COMER – TO EAT.Then you change the endings according to whois performing the action. Como – I eat Comes – You eat Come – He/She eats Comemos – We eat Coméis – You (pl) eat Comen – They eat However, some verbs like gustar/encantar/interesar work a little differently. With these verbs, it’sthe thing being liked/loved/interestingthat controls the verb ending. So really the verb gustar means ‘to be likeable’, encantar means ‘to be lovable’ interesar means ‘to be interesting’. Click the video beneath and listen to the lyrics of the song below. Notice that although it is the same person doing all the ‘liking’, the verb still changes according to what he likes/what is likeable. Lyrics start at 0:24 of song. See the literal translation on the right (sounds silly doesn’t it) Me gustan los aviones, me gustas tu. Me gusta viajar, me gustas tu. Me gusta la mañana, me gustas tu. Me gusta el viento, me gustas tu. Me gusta soñar, me gustas tu. Me gusta la mar, me gustas tu. Planes are likeable to me, you are likable to me Travelling is likeable to me. you are likable to me The morning is likeable to me, you are likeable to me The wind is likeable to me, you are likeable to me Sleeping is likeable to me, you are likeable to me The sea is likeable to me, you are likeable to me Main menu

12. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 10. Verbs like ‘gustar’ & ‘encantar’ So let’s have a look at 18 sentences, what do you think they mean? Me gusto I like myself Me gustan I like them Me gusta I like it Te gusta You like it Te gusto You like me Te gustan You like them Le gusta He/She likes it Le gusto He/She likes me Le gustan He/She likes them Nos gusta We like it Nos gusto We like me???? Nos gustan We like them Os gusta You(pl) like it Os gusto You(pl) like me Os gustan You(pl) like them Les gusta They like it Les gusto They like me Les gustan They like them So, with verbs like gustar, it is not who is liking that changes the verb...it is what is being liked. What do you think these 3 sentences mean? 1.) Le encantan 2.) Les gustamos 3.) Le gustas They like us He/She loves them He/She likes you Main menu

13. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 11. Verbs like ‘gustar’ & ‘encantar’ Some of the other verbs that work like gustar are: ‘interesar’(to be interesting), ‘molestar’(to be annoying), ‘parecer’(to appear/to seem), ‘faltar’ (to be needed) Try to translate these 4 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. ¿Te parece feo este vestido? No le interesan mucho los estudios Does this dress look ugly to you? She’s not very interested in her studies Le molestó tener que comprar otra rueda Nos falta otro coche It annoyed him to have to buy a new wheel We need another car Main menu

14. 12. Al + infinitive Al + an infinitive is used in Spanish to get across the idea of ‘when something happens’/ ‘upon happening’ or ‘on happening’. It can be used with instructions or descriptions of events. Try to translate these 4 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Al oír el timbre, los estudiantes van a sus clases Al ver a su oponente, tenía mucho miedo Upon hearing the bell, the students go to classes Upon seeing his opponent, he felt very scared Al ver la factura, estaba chocado Al llegar al aeropuerto, alquila un coche When he saw the bill, he was shocked On arriving at the airport, hire a car Main menu

15. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 13. Expressing ‘each other’ using reflexives Reflexive pronouns can be added to verbs to convey the idea of ‘each other’ Reflexive pronouns are me, te, se, nos, os and se. EXAMPLE – Escribimos cartas de cuando en vez – We write letters sometimes Nos escribimos cartas a veces – We write letters to each other sometimes Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Los gemelos se acompañan al trabajo The twins accompany each other to work Nos ayudamos con los muebles We help each other with the furniture Se conocieron en la oficina They meteach other in the office Main menu

16. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 14. Use of indirect object pronouns Indirect pronouns are ‘me’ ‘te’ ‘le’ ‘nos’ ‘os’ ‘les’ They can be used in lots of ways, for example ‘me’ can mean ‘me’ ‘to me’ ‘for me’ ‘for my’‘my’ ‘on me’ ‘at me’ ‘at my’ Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Mis padres me pagaron la renta en la universidad My parents paid for my rent at uni Me estaban gastando una broma They were playing a joke on me Me van a mirar el coche en un taller They’re going to look at my car in a garage Main menu

17. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 15. Use of indirect object pronouns Try to translate these 4 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Le robaron el coche anoche Les van a quitar los instrumentos pronto They stole his car last night They’re going to take their instruments from them soon Le prohibieron alojarse en el hotel Gracias por pagarme el helado They banned her from staying at the hotel Thanks for paying for my ice cream Main menu

18. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 16. Past participles used as adjectives Examples of past participles are ‘drawn’ from ‘draw’; ‘followed’ from ‘follow’ or ‘sold’ from ‘sell’. In Spanish the past participle is usually made like this: tomado/comido/vivido (taken/eaten/lived) It can also be used as an adjective. Try to translate these 4 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Las personas encuestadas prefieren una estrella a una hada Las alarmas instaladas emiten ruido si hay un fuego The people interviewed prefer a star to a fairy The installed alarms make a noise if there is a fire Uno de los atacados sigue en el hospital Uno de los detenidos se escapó One of those attacked is still in hospital 1 of those arrested escaped Main menu

19. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 17. Lo + past participle ‘Lo’ is a difficult thing to give a definite translation to. It can generally be translated with an adjective as being ‘The...thing’ so ‘lo tonto’ = ‘the silly thing’ Used with a past participle it means ‘What was __’ ‘Lo decidido’= ‘What was decided’ Try to translate these 4 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Lo ocurrido es una tragedía Según lo reportado, la princesa está embarazada What happened is a tragedy According to what was reported, the princess is pregnant No llores, lo hecho está hecho Hay descuento de 50% sobre lo cotizado Don’t cry, what’s done is done There’s a discount of 50% on what is priced Main menu

20. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 18. Lo + adjective ‘Lo’ is a difficult thing to give a definite translation to. It can generally be translated with an adjective as being ‘The...thing’ so ‘lo tonto’ = ‘the silly thing’ Try to translate these 4 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Lo mejor es cuando salen los bailadores Lo bueno es poder salir de paseo The best thing is when the dancers come out The good thing is being able to go for a walk Lo raro es que llueva en el verano Lo tonto es cuando ves una persona sin cinturón The stupid thing is when you see someone without a seatbelt The strange thing is that it rains in summer Main menu

21. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 19. Lo + adjective + que This type of phrase means ‘how..’‘lo guapo que eres’=‘how handsome you are’ Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. No sabes lo feliz que estoy You don’t know how happy i am ¿No te das cuenta de lo ridículo que estás con esa ropa? Don’t you realise how ridiculous you look with those clothes? No sabes lo cómodo que es mi sillón You don’t know how comfortable my chair is Main menu

22. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 20. Dejar de Although ‘dejar’ means ‘to leave/let’,dejar de means ‘to stop doing something’ Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Quiero dejar de fumar I want to stop smoking Los niños no dejaron de lanzar bolas de nieve todo el día The children never stopped throwing snowballs all day ¿Cuándo vas a dejar de romper mi corazón? When are you going to stop breaking my heart? Main menu

23. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 21. Hace + time Although the verb ‘hacer’ means ‘to do/make’ , hace is also used in time expressions to mean ‘ago’ Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Hace 500 años, Enrique VIII era el rey 500 years ago, Henry Viii was the king Se fue a vivir a Dubai hace poco She went to live in Dubai a short time ago Hace mucho mucho tiempo vivía un dragón A long long time ago there lived a dragon Main menu

24. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 22. Dejarse + infinitive ‘Dejarse’ means ‘to let oneself’ and it can be used with lots of infinitives in phrases. For example ‘Dejarse Try to translate these 4 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. No te dejes perder la oportunidad de entrar al museo egipto El chico se dejó besar por Isabella The boy let himself be kissed by Isabella Don’t let yourself miss the opportunity of going into the Egyptian museum No me dejo llevar por las tendencias de moda Se dejó engañar por su oponente He let himself be tricked by his opponent I don’t let myself get carried away with fashion trends Main menu

25. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 23. Llevo + time Llevar normally means ‘to carry’, ‘to wear’; however when used with a time, it gives off the idea of ‘having spent X time doing something/being somewhere/being something’. Example – Llevo dos minutos de retraso – I am 2 minutes late Try to translate these 4 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Lleva una eternidad buscando una novia Llevo cinco minutos esperando el autobús I’ve been waiting 5 minutes for the bus He’s spent an eternity looking for a girlfriend Llevaba dos años allí cuando ocurrió el accidente La cena me lleva una hora I’d been there two years when the accident happened The dinner takes me an hour Main menu

26. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 24. Hacer caso This verb means to ‘Pay attention to someone’ and is also used in the negative sense to ‘ignore someone’ Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Se lo dije al árbitro pero no me hizo caso I told the referee but he ignored me Es importante que hagas caso a tu médico It’s important you pay attention to your doctor No te voy a hacer caso en la oficina I’m going to ignore you in the office Main menu

27. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 25. Querer decir These two verbs are fairly common and mean ‘to want’ and ‘to say’; however when they are put together they mean ‘to mean’ Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. No sé lo que quiere decir el mensaje I don’t know what this message means ¿Qué quiere decir ‘Alto’ en inglés? What does ‘alto mean in English? Esta señal quiere decirque hay una escuela a pocos metros This sign means that there’s a school a few metres away Main menu

28. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 26. Reflexive verbs Reflexive verbs often express the idea of doing something to yourself (waking up/washing/combing etc). For example ‘Lavo el coche’ - ‘I wash the car’ BUT ‘Me lavo’ - ‘I wash myself’ Try to translate these 4 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Miguel se dedica a arreglar el jardín los lunes Tienes que organizarte un poco mejor Miguel dedicates himself to sorting the garden out on Mondays You have to organise yourself a bit better Mi nieto se cortó la rodilla jugando al fútbol Hay que afeitarte para una entrevista My grandson cut his knee playing football You have to shave for an interview Main menu

29. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 27. Producirse This verb catches a lot of people out as it appears to look like a cognate ‘to produce’; however when this verb is reflective, it actually means ‘to take place’ or ‘to happen’. Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Entre 1760 y 1830, en Gran Bretaña se produjo un gran crecimiento industrial Between 1760 and 1830 a huge growth in industry took place in Great Britain Se producirá un eclipse de sol hoy a las tres El sarampión se produce durante la niñez An eclipse of the sun will happen today at 3 Measles occurs during childhood Main menu

30. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 28. Surgir This verb is similar to ‘producirse’ in that it is used to say something happened. It translates more as ‘to come up’‘to arise’ (a problem/an issue) Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Surgieron muchas nuevas ideas durante el concurso Many new ideas arose during the competition Unas peleas surgen como resultado del alcohol Some fights arise as a result of alcohol Me invitó pero algo surgió y no pude venir He invited me but something came up and i couldn’t go Main menu

31. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 29. Hay que This is another phrase containing 2 very common words ‘Hay’ – ‘there is’ and ‘que’ – that; however when put together it means something completely different: ‘You must’. It is used for giving orders and advice. Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. There are 3 tenses included. Click to reveal answers. Hay que seguir una dieta equilibrada You have to follow a balanced diet No había que ser genio para entender a Einstein You didn’t have to be a genius to understand Einstein Habrá que cruzar el desierto You will have to cross the desert Main menu

32. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 30. Tener que You should know that ‘tener’ means ‘to have’ ; however ‘tener que’ means ‘to have to’. Like ‘Hay que’, it is used for commands and advice. Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Tienes que ir a la fiesta en desfraz You have to come to the party in disguise Los novios tendrán que abrir el baile en la boda The bride and groom will have to startthe dancing at the wedding ¿Tuviste que pagar por un nuevo parachoques? Did you have to pay for a new bumper? Main menu

33. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 31. Echar part 1 ‘Echar’ is a verb that has lots and lots of meanings. It can be used in lots of phrases; however its main meanings are ‘to throw’, ‘to give’ and ‘to put’. Some of the following examples have other different meanings!! Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Echó la cabeza hacia atrás She threw her head back Los pescadores echaron la red The fishermen cast their net out Simón fue echada de la casa de su novia Simon was thrown out of his girlfriend’s house Main menu

34. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 32. Echar part 2 These examples are a bit harder. Try to use the idea that ‘echar’ means ‘to somehow affect something’ or ‘to put something in another place’ Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. ¿Echas azúcar al café? Do you take/put sugar in your coffee? La bruja le echó una maldición The witch put a curse on him El hombre herido echó la culpa al joven conductor The injured man put the blame on the young driver Main menu

35. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 33. Dar part 1 ‘Dar’ has even more uses than ‘echar’. Its main meaning is ‘to give’ but it is used in many different phrases and constructions. The meaning of ‘dar a’ is often ‘to open onto’ and ‘dar con’ often means ‘to hit on’/’to find’ Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. El dentista me dio hora para el viernes The dentist gave me an appointment for Friday Le dio mucha pena ver a los sin techo en su ciudad It made him very sad to see homeless people in his city Tenían un balcón que daba a una vista muy bonita They had a balcony which looked onto a very pretty view Main menu

36. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 34. Dar part 2 These are 3 more phrases which use ‘dar’. Although you know ‘dar’ means ‘to give’, translate these into normal English you would use in everyday speech. Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Creo que voy a dar un paseo por el parque I think i’m going to take a walk around the park Los científicos han dado con un antídoto para la enfermedad The scientists have come across an antidote to the disease Después de recibir la factura de teléfono, le dio una voz a su hijo After receiving the phone bill, he shouted at his son Main menu

37. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 35. A menos que This is a phrase used with the subjunctive and it means ‘unless’ . Like other phrases, it contains very common words but you need to learn the whole phrase to understand the meaning. Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. A menos que vayamos en bicicleta, no podemos llegar Unless we go by bike, we can’t get there No me llames a menos que haya un fuego Don’t call me unless there’s a fire No habrá postre; a menos que comas las verduras There will be no pudding; unless you eat your vegetables Main menu

38. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 36. Personal a This often confuses students who first come across it and many students forget to put this into their written work – every time a person (or group of people) is the object of a verb, you need to put ‘a’ before them. This time try to translate from English to Spanish. Conocimos a sus padres después del colegio Tiene a su suegra en casa We met his parents after school He has his mother-in-law staying with him A los niños les encantan las piñatas Jorge llamó a su fontanero Children love piñatas Jorge called his plumber Main menu

39. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 37. Personal a at beginning of sentence Spanish has different word order in sentences so sometimes the personal a appears at the beginning instead of in the middle. You may have noticed this in the last example on the previous page. Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. A Marta y Juanita les encantan las manzanas Marta and Juanita love apples A mi novio le despidieron hace poco del trabajo My boyfriend was made redundant a short time ago A los mejicanos les gusta empezar el día con una sopa Mexicans like to start the day with soup Main menu

40. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 38. Noun/Verb order In English, we almost always have the noun before the verb (John laughs’ The train is leaving); however in Spanish, it is very common to find the verb phrase coming before the noun. Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Se quejan mucho las viejas generaciones The older generations complain a lot Han desaparecido dos cuadros de arte muy valiosos Two very valuable works of art have disappeared Iban y venían muchas personas durante la actuación Lots of people came and went during the performance Main menu

41. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 39. lo/la/los/las Pronouns are words that replace nouns. In English they usually appear at the end of a sentence (I saw it) , (I like them); however in Spanish they usually appear at the start. Pronouns refer back to something already mentioned but because Spanish has masculine/feminine words the sentences I saw him & I saw her would be different: Lo vi/La vi; just like I saw themcould be Los vi/Las vi. Try to choose the correct sentence 1-4 for each example. ¿Viste la nueva película 3D? ¿Viste las hermanas de Rosa? Did you see the new 3D film? Did you see Rosa’s sisters? 1. Sí, lo vi ayer Yes, I saw them yesterday Yes, I saw it yesterday 2. Sí, la vi ayer 3. Sí, los vi ayer ¿Viste a Sara y su marido? ¿Viste a Simón en el pueblo? 4. Sí, las vi ayer Did you see Sara and her husband? Did you see Simon in town? Yes, I saw them yesterday Yes I saw him yesterday Main menu

42. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 40. Volverse Volver is a common verb meaning ‘to return’ but when it is reflexive (volverse), it means ‘to become’. You must be careful in exams to notice which version is used. The verb ‘volverse’ is used to describe changes in mood/character. Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Se volvió loco de repente He went mad all of a sudden A veces los niños pueden volverse melindrosos con la comida Sometimes children can become picky with their food Si practicas la meditación, te volverás más tranquila If you practice meditaion, you’ll become more calm Main menu

43. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 41. Ponerse Poner is a very common verb meaning ‘to put’; however when it is reflexive (ponerse) it also means ‘to become’. Like the previous verb, it is used to show how people’s emotions/states change. Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Se puso enferma después de un muerdo de mosquito She became ill after a mosquito bite No te pongas así Don’t get like that Mi padre se pondrá enfadado conmigo si le gano al ajedrez My Dad will get angry with me if I beat him at chess Main menu

44. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 42. Hacerse Hacer normally means ‘to do/make’; however when it is reflexive (hacerse), it also means ‘to become’. Unlike the 2 previous verbs, hacerse is used for more permanent things (jobs/religion etc) Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Esos 2 actores se están haciendo viejos Those 2 actors are getting old Se hicieron amigos durante el verano They became friends during the summer Voy a hacerme socio del club de golf I’m going to become a member of the golf club Main menu

45. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 43. u & e In Spanish the words ‘or’ & ‘and’ are normally translated by ‘o’ & ‘y’. However, when ‘o’ appears before another o or hoand ‘y’ appears before e or he, these change to‘u’ & e’. Try to translate these 4 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Los iglúes son construidos de nieve e hielo Vendemos productos de lujo e higiene Igloos are made of snow and ice We sell cleaning and hygiene products Los cazadores suelen buscar tigres u osos De una u otra manera, va a ganar The hunters usually look for tigers or bears One way or another, he’s going to win Main menu

46. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 44. - ísimo In Spanish you can put the ending ‘ísimo’ onto adjectives to give the idea of ‘very’ / ‘extremely’. Often the adjective drops its final letter: pobre = poor but pobrísimo = very poor Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Las temperaturas en Marruecas fueron altísimas The temperatures in Morocco were very high La cuenta va a ser carísima The bill is going to be very expensive Mi padre conduce un larguísimo camión rojo My father drives an extremely long red lorry Main menu

47. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 45. – azo ‘-azo’ is a painful suffix. It is added to words (usually body parts) to indicate a hit with that object. It can also be added to increase the power/emphasis of words. Try to translate these 4 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Puña = fist Le dio un puñetazo impresionante Se pegó un martillazo en la mano He gave him an impressive punch He hit himself in the hand with a hammer Marcó un golazo en el final El italiano sufrió un cabezazo del francés The Italian suffered a headbutt from the Frenchman He scored a great goal in the final Main menu

48. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 46. Una y otra vez This phrase is used to mean ‘time and again’ so can be found when something is repeatedly done. Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Una y otra vez escapaba de la cárcel Time and again he escaped from jail Una y otra vez su ordenador se colgaba Time and time again his computer crashed Leyó la carta de amor una y otra vez She read the love letter time and time again Main menu

49. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 47. Ya ‘Ya’ has many uses and you need to look at the context carefully to choose which one is correct. The most common translations are ‘already’ and ‘right now’. It also means ‘yet’ as long as it is NOT in a negative sentence. Try to translate these 4 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Preparados….listos….Ya! Ya terminé la primera de mis tareas Ready…Steady…Go! I already finished the first of my tasks Ya me tienes harta ¿Han llegado ya tus abuelos? I’m just about sick of you Have your grandparents arrived yet? Main menu

50. SHIFT+F5 for slide show view 48. Ya no When these two words are used together, they mean ‘no longer’ Try to translate these 3 phrases into English. Click to reveal answers. Ya no queda espacio en el contenedor There’s no space left in the recycling bin Ya no quiero casarme contigo I don’t want to marry you any more Ya no soy tan joven como antes I’m no longer as young as before Main menu