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Inheritance:

Explore Mendel's Laws of Inheritance, including the Law of Segregation and Law of Independent Assortment, and learn how to evaluate mode of inheritance using pedigrees.

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Inheritance:

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  1. Inheritance: Mendel’s Laws and Pedigrees and Diseases

  2. Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance • Law of Segregation • “Elementen” separate in the gametes • Homologous chromosomes (and the homologous genes found on each chromosome) are separated during meiosis. • Law of Independent Assortment

  3. Law of Segregation

  4. Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance • Law of Segregation • “Elementen” separate in the gametes • Homologous chromosomes (and the homologous genes found on each chromosome) are separated during meiosis. • Law of Independent Assortment • Inheritance of one “elementen” does not influence inheritance of another “elementen” • Genes on different chromosomes are packaged into gametes at random

  5. Independent Assortment R =round Y =yellow

  6. Independent Assortment –Dihybrid Cross Dihybrids

  7. Example Heterozygous for round peas with white flowers X Wrinkled peas and Homozygous for purple flowers

  8. Example Homozygous for yellow peas and heterozygous for axial flowers X Heterozygous for yellow peas and heterozygous for axial flowers

  9. Example Homozygous for purple flowers and heterozygous for axial flowers and heterozygous for round peas X White flowers and heterozygous for axial flowers and homozygous for round peas

  10. The Product Rule • The probability that 2 independent events will both occur equals the product of the chance that either will occur alone • Probability of obtaining a plant with purple flowers and green peas = probability of a plant with purple flowers X probability of a plant with green peas

  11. Example Heterozygous purple flowers and Heterozygous yellow peas X Heterozygous purple flowers and green peas

  12. Pedigrees Symbols used in pedigrees • Symbolic representations of family relationships and inheritance of a trait • Allow evaluation of the mode of inheritance • Autosomal dominant • Autosomal recessive

  13. Albinism

  14. Evaluating Mode of Inheritance Autosomal Recessive? Autosomal Dominant?

  15. Polydactyly

  16. Evaluating Mode of Inheritance Autosomal Recessive? Autosomal Dominant?

  17. Crohn’s Disease • Autoimmune disease • Immune system attacks self • Inflammation of digestive tract • Symptoms • Abdominal pain and diarrhea

  18. Evaluating Mode of Inheritance Autosomal Recessive? Autosomal Dominant?

  19. Spinal Muscular Atrophy • Severe muscle weakness from birth • Loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord

  20. Evaluating Mode of Inheritance Autosomal Dominant?

  21. Evaluating Mode of Inheritance Autosomal Recessive?

  22. Get to Know Your Classmate • Pair up (preferably) with someone you do not know • Pick a trait or disease found in your family or you partner’s family • Draw a pedigree depicting the inheritance of the trait/disease • Try to determine the mode of inheritance

  23. Elizabeth Joe Mildred Bob Elizabeth Mom Doug Stuart Joey Jimmy Jerry Jeffrey Dad Marion Norm Blondeness in Professor Morrissette’s Family Vicki DAM Billy Johnny Roger Zoey Savannah Jasmine

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