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The Nuremberg Laws 1935

This cartoon was published five months after Hitler took power. The title is "Revenge." The Nazi who shoves the Jew over the cliff says: "Go where you wanted me to go, you evil spirit.". The Nuremberg Laws 1935. Anti-Semitism in Germany before the Nuremberg Laws.

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The Nuremberg Laws 1935

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  1. This cartoon was published five months after Hitler took power. The title is "Revenge." The Nazi who shoves the Jew over the cliff says: "Go where you wanted me to go, you evil spirit." The Nuremberg Laws 1935

  2. Anti-Semitism in Germany before the Nuremberg Laws • Many shops and restaurants not to serve the Jewish population. Placards saying "Jews not admitted" and "Jews enter this place at their own risk" • In some parts of the country Jews were banned from public parks, swimming-pools and public transport.

  3. Germans were also encouraged not to use Jewish doctors and lawyers. Jewish civil servants, teachers and those employed by the mass media were sacked. Many Jewish people who could no longer earn a living left the country.

  4. The number of Jews emigrating increased after the passing of the Nuremberg Laws on Citizenship and Race in 1935 • Under this new law Jews could no longer be citizens of Germany. It was also made illegal for Jews to marry Aryans. • The aim of these new laws was to deprive Jews of their political, civil and legal rights.

  5. The Laws introduced • Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honour (15th September, 1935) • Marriages between Jews and subjects of German or kindred blood are forbidden. Marriages nevertheless concluded are invalid. • Extramarital intercourse between Jews and subjects of German or kindred blood is forbidden.

  6. Jews must not employ in their households female subjects of German or kindred blood who are under forty-five years old. • Jews are forbidden to fly the Reich and national flag and to display the Reich colours. • They are, on the other hand, allowed to display the Jewish colours. The exercise of this right enjoys the protection of the state.

  7. Main focus of the Nuremberg Laws • Firstly, to ensure that Jews became ‘subjects’ instead of citizens. This deprived them of many of their political rights • Secondly, to make it illegal for Jews and Aryans to marry or engage in sexual relations outside marriage.

  8. Some Propaganda Posters at this time • What do you think the snake is representing in this poster?

  9. Jewish Reaction • Statement issued by the National Representation of the Jews in Germany in response to the passing of the Nuremberg Laws (24th September, 1935) • The laws decided upon by the Reichstag in Nuremberg have come as the heaviest of blows for the Jews in Germany. But they must create a basis on which a tolerable relationship becomes possible between the German and the Jewish people.

  10. The Jewish Community wanted to concentrate on the following areas • Jewish education-Jewish schools must serve in the systematic preparation for future occupations. With regard to preparation for emigration, particularly to Palestine, emphasis will be placed on guidance toward manual work and the study of the Hebrew language. The education and vocational training of girls must be directed to preparing them to carry out their responsibilities as upholders of the family and mothers of the next generation.

  11. Need for emigration • Need for emigration will be served by large-scale planning, firstly with respect to Palestine, but also to all other available countries, with particular attention to young people. This includes study of additional possibilities for emigration, training in professions suited for emigrants, particularly agriculture and technical skills

  12. Support for the sick and needy • Support and care of the needy, sick or aged must be assured through further systematic expansion of the Jewish welfare services provided by the communities

  13. Safeguard their future economically • The National Representation of the Jews in Germany will try by every means to safeguard the economic position of the Jews by seeking to protect the existing means of livelihood. Those who are economically weak will be assisted by the further development of economic aids as employment bureaus, economic advice, and personal or mortgage loans.

  14. Task • How important were the Nuremberg Laws in changing the rights of Jews within Germany? • Think about the following areas • The fact they were in many ways made 2nd class citizens • The racial purity issue- i.e. illegal to marry Aryans or engage in sexual relations. • Jewish reactions- • Caption: "If you give people enough time, they get the idea." A Jew, a communist and a socialist are talking, "It's been a year and they still have not let us back in. It is beginning to look like they don't want us..." (30 January 1934)

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