Africa’s Government January 21, 2011

1. Africa’s GovernmentJanuary 21, 2011 Republic of Kenya Republic of South Africa Republic of Sudan

2. Warm-Up: Let’s Review Before We Go Any Further!!! Directions: Match the definitions with the form of government. 1.) Unitary a.) loose alliance 2.) Confederation b.) central gov’t has all the power 3.) Federal System c.) central gov’t divides the power Directions: Match the type of government with the correct descriptions. 1.) autocracy a.) control rests with a small group 2.) oligarchy b.) thepeople hold supreme power 3.) democracy c.) one leader exercises total control

3. Let’s Check Our Answers!! Directions: Match the definitions with the form of government. 1.) Unitary a.) loose alliance 2.) Confederation b.) central gov’t has all the power 3.) Federal System c.) central gov’t divides the power Directions: Match the type of government with the correct descriptions. 1.) autocracy a.) control rests with a small group 2.) oligarchy b.) thepeople hold supreme power 3.) democracy c.) one leader exercises total control

4. What Do We ALWAYS Do Before Discussing New Standards and Elements? Create an Essential Question: Nouns: Verbs: Standard(s): Element(s): Be able to do: Activities to help master standards: Yes, we unpack the standards and elements! Create an organizer like the one you see below.

5. Standards and Elements SS7CG2: The student will explain the structures of the modern governments of Africa. a.) Compare the republican systems of government in the Republic of Kenya and the Republic of South Africa to the dictatorship of the Republic of Sudan, distinguishing the form of leadership and role of the citizen in terms of voting and personal freedoms.

6. Standards and Elements SS7CG2: The student will explain the structures of the modern governments of Africa. a.) Compare the republican systems of government in the Republic of Kenya and the Republic of South Africa to the dictatorship of the Republic of Sudan, distinguishing the form of leadership and role of the citizen in terms of voting and personal freedoms. Nouns: underlined Verbs: bold

7. Words To Know • Republic-Involves the government using and abiding by the constitution heavily. Personal rights are respected and cannot be taken away. • Constitutional republic-a state where the head of state and other officials are elected as representatives of the people, and must govern according to existing constitutional law. Also, powers are separated. (Ex. U.S.A.) • Head of state-the chief public representative of a country who may also be the head of government (President, Prime Minister, etc.) • President- chief executive officer of a government; also the head of state. • Personal freedoms- freedom of expression, freedom of movement, freedom of press, etc….

8. The countries of Kenya, South Africa, and Sudan have very different government systems today. Though all 3 are described as “republics,” the reality is very different in each country!

9. Create a Graphic Organizer Like the One You See Below

10. Let’s Discuss….the Republic of Kenya Type of Government: Republic, with one-house legislature called the National Assembly. Has 3 branches of gov’t--executive, legislative, and judicial. Head of the State: Kenya had a presidential form of democracy until the election of 2007. The position of prime minister was established. The president is the chief of state and the prime minister is the head of government. Who can vote: All citizens 18 years of age or older.

11. Republic of Kenya Cont’d Degree of Personal Freedom for Citizens: Freedoms are written in the constitution. The new constitution guaranteed many freedoms– freedom of expression, freedom of movement, and freedom from discrimination. Year of Independence from Colonial Rule: Kenya became independent from Great Britain in 1963.

12. Checking For UnderstandingStand Up/Sit Down If the statement below is true, STAND UP! If the statement is false, SIT DOWN! Try not to peek at your notes…… Kenya has a president and prime minister.

13. Now, Let’s Discuss..the Republic of South Africa Type of Government: (Parliamentary democracy)Republic, with a two-house National Assembly . Has 3 branches of gov’t– executive, legislative, and judicial. Head of State and Chief of State: President elected by the National Assembly. President answers to the National Assembly and may only serve two five-year terms. Who can Vote: All citizens 18 years or older

14. Republic of South Africa Cont’d Degree of Personal Freedom for Citizens: (numerous freedoms) The constitution ensures equality before the law and prohibits discrimination. It guarantees the right to life, privacy, property, freedom, and security of the person, and freedom of speech, religion, assembly and association. It prohibits slavery and forced labor.

15. Checking For Understanding(Face-to-Face)Grab a Partner: Someone in your group If you and your partner think the statement is true, face each other. If you and your partner think it’s false, turn your backs to each other! South Africa’s president can serve three 5-year terms.

16. Finally, Let’s Discuss..the Republic of Sudan Type of Government: coalition government run by an alliance of the National Congress Party (NCP) and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM). Head of State and Head of Gov’t: President (Current president, Omar al-Bashir is considered a dictator) Who can vote: Citizens 17 years or older

17. Republic of Sudan Cont’d Degree of Personal Freedom: Citizens have real few constitutional freedoms unless they are associated with the National Congress Party. Most government positions are appointed. Year of Independence from Colonial Rule: In 1956, Sudan became independent from Egypt and Great Britain.

18. A Little Background Info. On Sudan Number #1 on the list of worst dictators is Sudan’s current president, al-Bashir. Taking power in 1989, al-Bashir and his regime abolished the existing government, suspended the Constitution, restricted freedom of press, and arrested prominent politicians. The citizens DID NOT vote for al-Bashir; he used his military force to become dictator.

19. Checking For Understanding Directions: Fill in the chart below describing the governments of Kenya, South Africa, and Sudan.

20. Closing3-2-1 3- republican countries we’re currently studying 2- facts about Sudan’s government system 1- question you still have about one of the 3 republican countries.