LA CORRUZIONE E L ’ INDICE DI REPUTAZIONE DEI PAESI OPEN GOVERNMENT Roma,10.12. 2012 ..

1. LA CORRUZIONE E L’INDICE DI REPUTAZIONE DEI PAESI OPEN GOVERNMENTRoma,10.12. 2012 .. Transparency International Italia Maria Teresa Brassiolo President

2. TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL ITALIA Transparency International (TI) Transparency International, the global civil society organisation leading the fight against corruption, brings people together in a powerful worldwide coalition to end the devastating impact of corruption on men, women and children around the world.  TI’s mission is to create change towards a world free of corruption. Transparency International is a global network including more than 90 locally established national chapters and chapters-in-formation. These bodies fight corruption in the national arena in a number of ways. They bring together relevant players from government, civil society, business and the media to promote transparency in elections, in public administration, in procurement and in business. TI’s global network of chapters and contacts also use advocacy campaigns to lobby governments to implement anti-corruption reforms. Map of Transparency International National Chapters Transparency International Italia Maria Teresa Brassiolo President

3. TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL ITALIA A LONG RUN ACROSS THE GLOBE It took almost 20 years since James D. Wolfensohn declared that the factor “C” (as it was called shamefacedly corruption at that time) was not only a political problem, but even a social and economic problem. ”It is not just the financial damage from fraud and corruption that should be the concern... it is the fact that corruption sets in motion a chain of events that wreak havoc with the development of projects. Less qualified bidders win by bad rigging while qualified bidders become discouraged and stop bidding. Transparency International Italia Maria Teresa Brassiolo President

4. TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL ITALIA A LONG RUN ACROSS THE GLOBE David Kaufmann, after an in depth survey observed that bribery is not a relatively small phenomenon of a few billion dollars. He estimated the worldwide bribery to be 1 trillion US Dollars per year. “There is a ‘400 % governance dividend’ of good governance and corruption control, he said. Countries that improve on control of corruption and rule of law can expect (on average), in the long run, a four-fold increase in incomes per capita. Thus, a country with an income per capita of US$ 2,000 could expect to attain US$ 8,000 in the long run by making strides to control corruption. We have also found that the business sector grows significantly faster where corruption is lower and the rule of law is safeguarded. On average, it can make a difference of about 3% per year in annual growth for the enterprises”. In 2007, Transparency International Italia was also calculating the real cost of corruption based on the cost of public works, before and after the “Clean Hands” proceedings. The results were reported worldwide by IMF, World Bank, EU Commission. Transparency International Italia Maria Teresa Brassiolo President

5. TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL ITALIA CPI 2010 - CORRUPT Denmark: 9,4 Germany: 8,0 UK: 7, 8 USA: 7,1 France: 7,0 Italy: 3,9 Brazil: 3,8 Russia: 2,4 + CORRUPT Transparency International Italia Maria Teresa Brassiolo President Corruption Perception Index - CPI Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index (CPI) is the best known of our tools. First launched in 1995, it has been widely credited, putting the issue of corruption on the international policy agenda. The CPI ranks almost 200 countries by their PERCEIVED levels of corruption, as determined by expert assessments, opinion surveys and media reports.

6. TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL ITALIA Global CorruptionBarometer 2010 - GCB GCB 2010 The Global Corruption Barometer is a survey that assesses general public attitudes towards, and experience of, corruption in dozens of countries around the world. Sadly, few people trust their governments or politicians. Eight out of 10 political parties are corrupt or extremely corrupt, while half the people questioned say their government's action to stop corruption is ineffective. Open Governmental policies and accountability are highly demanded  Transparency International Italia Maria Teresa Brassiolo President

7. TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL ITALIA Goals and achievements : International Conventions UNCAC – United Nation Convention Against Corruption The Convention entered into force on 14 December 2005pursuant to its article 68 (1). Status: Signatories: 140. Parties: 154. Italy ratified the UNCAC on 5th October 2009. Provisions entered into force in Anticorruption law 190/12 Together with recommendations of OECD,GRECO and Council of Europe OECD Anti Bribery Convention Thirty-eight countries are parties to the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention and have adopted the 2009 Anti-Bribery Recommendation. Complying with the Convention requires unwavering support from the OECD and its Working Group on Bribery. Country monitoring and extensive follow-up help to ensure that these countries win the fight against bribery. Italy ratified Convention in 1999 and approved the relevant Decree on 2001 (Act 231/2001). UK approved its Act on 2010, France 2009 and Germany last year. Sadly, the Law Decree 231 was considering the private sector only, thus postponing the accountability of the public sector. Transparency International Italia Maria Teresa Brassiolo President

8. TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL ITALIA UN Global Compact The UN Global Compact is a strategic policy initiative for businesses that are committed to aligning their operations and strategies with ten universally accepted principles in the areas of human rights, labor, environment and anti-corruption. By doing so, business, as a primary driver of globalization, can help ensure that markets, commerce, technology and finance advance in ways that benefit economies and societies everywhere. As social, political and economic challenges (and opportunities) — whether occurring at home or in other regions — affect business more than ever before, many companies recognize the need to collaborate and partner with governments, civil society, labor and the United Nations. This ever-increasing understanding is reflected in the Global Compact's rapid growth. With over 8700 corporate participants and other stakeholders from over 130 countries, it is the largest voluntary corporate responsibility initiative in the world. Endorsed by chief executives, the Global Compact is a practical framework for the development, implementation, and disclosure of sustainability policies and practices, offering participants a wide spectrum of workstreams, management tools and resources — all designed to help advance sustainable business models and markets. There is a rising demand of public sector to be part of the Global Compact network. Transparency International Italia Maria Teresa Brassiolo President

9. TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL ITALIA . The newly issued European report NIS brings together the findings of 25 NATIONAL INTEGRITY SYSTEMS assessments across Europe in 2011. The initiative assesses the integrity systems of the single States and advocates for sustainable and effective reforms. It highlights important trends across the region, pointing out the most significant deficiencies and gaps and shining promising practices emerging from the country assessments. Transparency International Italia Maria Teresa Brassiolo President

10. TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL ITALIA EUROPEAN NIS Money, Politics, Power: Corruption Risks in Europe The public system, as user of the funds entrusted by citizens, should be totally accountable for their use. A new mindset in the Public Sector should be promoted: the State has been established for the citizens rather then as a representation of powers or as statutory body only. Decisions should prioritize the response to real needs of citizens and its organization shall respond to this goal. Therefore Open Government Policies are essentials to contrast distrust and help Governments to be more responsible towards citizens. However, access to information is far for being performant. . TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL ITALIA Maria Teresa Brassiolo President

11. TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL ITALIA EUROPEAN NIS Money, Politics, Power: Corruption Risks in Europe President

12. TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL ITALIA ITALIAN NIS Corruption and integrity systems in Italy Italy's National Integrity System is far from robust, with an average NIS score of 55.04%. Corruption is able to flourish almost everywhere, as state institutions enjoy considerable autonomy, which does not correspond to standards of accountability and integrity Political Parties (46) have the best score with regards to resources, but in contrast have weak mechanisms to ensure integrity. The Public Sector (33), the Media (38), and the Anti‐corruption Agency (38) are the worst performing institutions. The report shows that it easy to circumvent mechanisms put in place to protect integrity by taking advantage of complex regulation, difficult access to information, and poor evaluation systems. Transparency International Italia Maria Teresa Brass President

13. TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL ITALIA The different surveys shows some weaknesses in Italy and Europe OPACITY of RULES INADEQUATE ACCESS TO INFORMATION WEAK CONTROL SYSTEM LITTLE COHESION AMONG SYSTEMS PERMANENT CONFLICT OF POWERS LITTLE CONSIDERATION of COLLECTIVE INTEREST SHORT SIGHT VISION THE TIME HAS COME WHERE EVERYBODY SHALL BE MADE ACCOUNTABLE. TECHNICAL INSTRUMENTS ARE FULLY AVAILABLE FOR ACHIEVING IMPROVED TRANSPARENCY. CITIZENS CLAIM FOR MORE PARTICIPATION: LET’S ASSUME THAT THIS MAY BE AN ISSUE FOR COMING OUT OF THE TUNNEL OF THE ECONOMICAL CRISIS WHICH, MAYBE, IS ALSO A CULTuRAL AND MORAL CRISIS. Transparency International Italia Maria Teresa Brassiolo President