Ethiopia

1. Ethiopia Development Plans for Internet Cafes

2. Geography of Ethiopia • Ethiopia is the oldest independent country in Africa • Ethiopia is 1,127,127 square kilometers (435,071 sq. mi) in size. • Ranked 26th in the world. • Land: 1,119,683 km² • Water: 7,444 km² • Area - comparative • Slightly less than twice the size of Texas

3. Geography Continue • Climate • Tropical monsoon with wide topographic-induced variation • Terrain • High plateau with central mountain range divided by Great Rift Valley

4. Geography Continue • Land use • Arable land: 12% • Permanent crops: 1% • Permanent pastures: 40% • Forests and woodland: 25% • Other: 22% (1993 est.)

5. Geography Continue (Highlands)

6. Population of Ethiopia • Population = 77 million (ranked 15th , US = 300 million) • 80 different ethnic groups in Ethiopia • Oromo are the largest ethnic group in Ethiopia at 32.1%. • The Amhara represent 30.2%, • Tigray people are 6.2% of the population. • Other ethnic groups are as follows: Somali 6.0%, Gurage 4.3%, Sidama 3.4%, Wolayta 2%, Afar 2%, Hadiya 2%, Gamo 1%

7. Languages of Ethiopia • The official language of Ethiopia is Amharic, a Semitic language which is spoken by about 27 million people. • The second largest language in Ethiopia is the Oromo language, a Cushitic language spoken by about 30% of the population. • English is the most widely spoken foreign language and is taught in all secondary schools. • Amharic was the language of primary school instruction, but has been replaced in many areas by local languages such as Oromifa and Tigrinya.

8. Afar Amharic Anfillo Berto Bussa Hadiya Harari Konso Ongota Oromo Saho Soddo Silt'e Somali Tigrinya 84 Indigenous Languages including:

9. Culture in Ethiopia • Proud of their heritage, respectful to elders. • Christians make up 61.6% of the country's population, Muslims 32.8%, and adherents of traditional faiths 5.6%. • Traditional Ethiopian cuisine employs no pork of any kind, as both Muslims and Ethiopian Orthodox Christians are prohibited from eating pork. • Ethiopia has some of the finest athletes of the world, middle-distance and long-distance runners.

10. Politics of Ethiopia • In 1995, first popular chosen government elections was held. • Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) won in landslide victory because the opposition parties boycotted elections. • In 2000, EPRDF won again in multiparty election. • In 2005, election was held again with record number of voter turnout. • EPRDF won again with allegations of rigging and intimidation. • Riots broke out in Ethiopia as a result. Many died. • In September of 2005, the National Election Boards of Ethiopia declared the legitimacy of the EPRDF’s election victory.

11. Government • Before 1996, Ethiopia was divided into 13 provinces. • Ethiopia now has a tiered government system consisting of a federal government, ethnically-based regional states, zones, districts (woredas), and neighborhoods (kebele). • Ethiopia is divided into 9 ethnically-based administrative regions and 2 chartered cities: Addis Ababa and Dire Dawa • Subdivided into 68 zones • It is further subdivided into 550 districts • Article 39 of the Ethiopian Constitution further gives every regional state the right to secede from Ethiopia.

12. Government Continue • The subdivisions of Ethiopia are: • Addis Ababa (chartered city) • Afar • Amhara • Benishangul-Gumaz • Dire Dawa (chartered city) • Gambela • Harari • Oromia • Somali • Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples Region • Tigray

13. Media of Ethiopia • Radio and television are under the control of the Ethiopian government. • There are nine radio broadcast stations, eight AM and one shortwave, licensed to operate. • The single television broadcast network is Ethiopian Television. • Print media, because of high poverty levels, low literacy rates, and poor distribution outside of the capital, serve only a small portion of the population.

14. Education in Ethiopia • The education system of Ethiopia is composed by 6 year for primary education, 2 year for secondary, and 4 year for higher education. • Ethiopia had 43 % of primary gross enrollment, 12 % of secondary education enrollment and less than 1 % enrolled in higher education in 1996.  • Ethiopia’s university enrollment was 30,000 or 0. 8% of the university-aged population. • Since the EPRDF assumed power, its ethnic and anti-intellectual policies have driven thousands of Ethiopians to seek employment in other countries. The wholesale dismissal of over 40 professors of the national university.

15. Economics

16. Economics Continue • Ethiopia is extremely poor. • GDP = $55 billion, 73rd. • Ranked 173 out of 177 countries in income per capita. • $100 USD per year • Highly reliant on agriculture (coffee being main: 65%-75%) • Ethiopia's agriculture is plagued by periodic drought, soil degradation caused by overgrazing, deforestation, high population density

17. Economy Continue • Of the 23,812 kilometers of Ethiopia's all-weather roads, 15% are asphalt. • Mountainous terrain and the lack of good roads and sufficient vehicles make land transportation difficult. • As a result, agricultural transport suffers. • Each time the government has developmental plans for the country, there seems to be a war; War with Eritrea. • The government has to supply money for military defense. • The war has forced the government to improve roads and other parts of the previously neglected infrastructure, but only certain regions of the nation have benefited.

18. Communication in Ethiopia • Telephones - main lines in use: 435,000 (2003) • Telephones - mobile cellular phones: 97,800 (2003) • Radiobroadcast stations:AM 8, FM 0, shortwave 1 (2003) • Radios: 11.75 million (1997) • Television broadcast stations: 1 plus 24 repeaters (2002) • Televisions: 320,000 (1997) • Internet hosts: 19 (2003) • Internet users: 75,000 (2003) • Country code (TLD): ET

19. Adversities in Ethiopia • Highly reliant on agriculture. • Natural phenomenon hurt agriculture. • Ambitious government development plans hindered by war. • Although improving, level of education is poor. • The lack of a long-term political commitment to expand and link education with economic and social development will continue to mire the country in poverty and deprivation.

20. Internet Café • An Internet cafe or cyber café is a place where one can use a computer with Internet access for a fee, usually per hour or minute; sometimes one can have un-metered access with a pass for a day or month.

21. Internet Café in Beijing

22. Internet Cafe • Quickly replacing arcades as multi-player gaming increases. • Ivan Pope developed the concept in 1994. • Many people use them when traveling to access webmail and instant messaging services to keep in touch with family and friends

23. Development Plan Target Customers 24/7 Internet Café’s target customer base will focus on students of learning institutions, business professionals, and those seeking a convenient avenue to the Internet, business services, and a progressive assisting, environment. Resource Requirements Equipment and resources needed for the successful internal operation of 24/7 Internet Café is 6-8 Desktop computer stations, server, wiring and connectivity needs, tables, desks, and chairs, 2 Laser Printers, 1 Full Size Copier, 1 Fax Machine, 1 Scanner, Commercial Coffee Machine, including all accessories, and refreshments. Internet connection, utilities and building security. Cash Flow Projections Projected income based on $9.00 per hour, on 8 computers, 24 hours a day is $48,384 per month. This income is an estimate not including income from other services and refreshments. (Negotiable)

24. map shows sample hourly rates at Internet cafes and the percentage of people living on $1 per day in 26 nations. Economic Problems of Internet Cafes

25. Conclusion • At income per capita of $100 USD, Ethiopia cannot afford the luxury of internet cafés. • Government needs to recognize the need to bridge the link between economic development and education. • Internet cafés may be de-evolving due to: • Wireless communication (HOTSPOTS) • Restrictions due to virus, porn, censorship • Cost of computers decreasing and readily available.