Making Sense of National and State Sexual Violence Data

1. Making Sense of National and State Sexual Violence Data Emilee Coulter-Thompson, MSW Oregon Public Health Division, Office of Family Health & Linda Drach, MPH Oregon Public Health Division & Multnomah County Health Dept, Program Design & Evaluation Services Welcome! We will start soon.

2. How to use this technology • Raise Hand • Q&A • Text Chat • Powerpoint Slides • Please mute your phone: # 0 1 • To UNmute your phone: # 0 1 • Please send a private chat message for help • For technical support: • Call GoToWebinar Tech Support 800-263-6317 • Call the Office of Family Health, Pi Winslow @ 971-673-0227

3. Upcoming SATF Webinars & Trainings • Webinar: Sexual Assault in Detention • October 26th – Save the Date! • Annual SATF Advocate Training • November 1-5, 2010 9-5 each day • DHS Training Center, Salem, OR • Register or get info at: • www.oregonsatf.org or 503-990-6541

4. Introductions Please share: Name Organization Your Role / Position

5. Poll • Please rate your relationship to working with data – if you had to compare it to a weather pattern, it would be: • Sunny and clear • Partly cloudy, partly sunny • Oregon drizzle • Midwest thunderstorm We welcome all answers! 

6. Learning Objectives • Identify national and state SV data sources • Understand strengths and limitations of the data • Demonstrate ability to access and interpret data • Understand how to use data to inform program planning and grant writing

7. Oregon Public Health Division • Joining the Oregon Health Authority • Portland State Office Building 800 NE Oregon Street Portland, OR 97232 • http://www.healthoregon.org DHS http://egov.oregon.gov/DHS/ Oregon Health Authority http://www.oregon.gov/OHA/

8. Center for Health Statistics – BRFSS & OHT Adolescent Health Program – Oregon Healthy Teens Survey Program Design & Evaluation Services Injury & Violence Prevention Program – NVDRS Youth Suicide Prevention IPV Data Maternal & Child Health Program – Rape Prevention & Education Program PRAMS

9. Center for Health Statistics • http://www.oregon.gov/DHS/ph/chs/index.shtml • Vital Records: Birth, Death, Marriage, Divorce, Domestic Partnership • Oregon Healthy Teens Survey • Adult Behavior Survey (BRFSS)

10. What is Public Health, anyway?

11. Surveillance Definition (CDC) • Ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of data • (e.g., regarding agent/hazard, risk factor, exposure, health event) • Informs planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice • Shared with prevention partners • Examples: NISVSS & BRFSS

12. Why is using data important? • Type your answers in the text chat.

13. National Data

14. National Data Sources • "The Use (and Misuse) of Data on Rape" (2008), CounterQuo white paper http://calcasa.org/prevention/the-use-and-misuse-of-data-on-rape/ • Podcast with Jody Raphael & TK Logan, lead writers • National Sexual Violence, Intimate Partner Violence and Stalking Surveillance System (NISVSS), a new CDC survey http://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/NISVSS/index.html

15. Use (and Misuse) of SV Data • Prevalence = proportion of population surveyed that has been raped at least once in a specified time period • Incidence = # of times rapes occurred in a given time period

16. Use (and Misuse) of SV Data • Key Factors in Prevalence: • Definition of rape • Sample • Context of rape • Methods • Timeframe

17. Lifetime Rape Prevalence Trends Over Time • Kilpatrick et al. (2007) Rape in America • 12.6% National Women’s Study (1992) • 1 in 8 • 14.8% National VAW Survey (1995-96) • 1 in 7 • 16.1% Recent Kilpatrick Study (2006) • 1 in 6 • Rape defined as forced penetration • Lifetime prevalence

18. National Women’s Study • Kilpatrick,1992 • 4,008 women interviewed by phone • 12.6% women reported rape (12.1 million) • Second interview one year later 3,246 women • .7% rape in past year (683,000 women) • Rape defined as forced penetration

19. National VAW Survey • Tjaden & Thoennes, 2000 • 8,000 women & 8,000 men surveyed • Telephone surveys and interviews • 14.8% women raped; 2.8% attempted rape • 17.6% total of both • 2.1% men raped; .9% attempted rape • 3% total of both • Rape defined as forced penetration

20. Drug-facilitated, Incapacitated & Forcible Rape: A National Study • Kilpatrick, et al. 2007 • 3,001 women surveyed by phone • 18% of women raped in lifetime (20.2 million) • 16.1% forcible sexual penetration (18 million) • 5% penetrations involving drugs, alcohol, other incapacities • .6% raped in past year

21. Rape in past year(Rates remain stable over time) • .7% rape in past year (683,000 women) • National Women’s Survey 1992 • .6% raped in past year • Kilpatrick, et al. 2007

22. Key Points: National Surveys • Rape prevalence has not decreased over time • Most women were raped by someone they knew (75%-89%) • About 1 in 4 raped by a current or former intimate partner (19%-30%); proportions may be higher if included dates…definitions differ • Substance facilitated/incapacitated rape only recently recognized as important trend and measured • Limitations of telephone survey methodology

23. Use (and Misuse) of SV Data • Common errors: • Lifetime prevalence vs. within last year • Uniform Crime Reports vs. prevalence

24. Use & Misuse of Data • The myth of 1 in 3 • Potential backlash • Reframing: • 16% = 18 million women • 12.1% of women experience breast cancer

25. The Rape Denial Industry • False reports vs. unfounded • Myth of 50% of false reports • Actually 3-7% false reports • SATF papers on False Allegations & Case Unfoundinghttp://oregonsatf.org/?page_id=22#le • Definitions of rape too broad • Do not reference studies since 1985

26. Recommendations • Most men are not rapists • Focus on subset of men who offend • Don’t exaggerate the numbers • Publicize new studies

27. National Intimate Partner Violence, Sexual Violence and Stalking Surveillance System (NISVSS) • Ongoing population-based surveillance data • Telephone survey beginning 2010 • CDC, NIJ & DoD • Incidence and prevalence estimates: • IPV, SV, Dating violence, Stalking • Victimization only

28. CDC SV Data Links • http://www.cdc.gov/ViolencePrevention/sexualviolence/datasources.html • SV Facts: At-a-glance • CDC Data Sources • Other Federal Data Sources • Non-Federal Data Sources • Journal Articles

29. OREgon data

30. Oregon Data Sources • Rape in Oregon Report • BRFSS • Oregon Healthy Teens Survey (OHT) • PRAMS • Speak Out! LGBTQ Survey

31. Rape in Oregon • 1 in 6 Oregon adult women • Victim of forcible rape in lifetime • 230,000 total • 17.5% (13.4% U.S.) • 60% first raped in childhood • 30% first or only rape before age 11 (Rape in Oregon, Kilpatrick & Ruggiero, 2003) Population estimates based on data from the National Women’s Study & National VAW Survey

32. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) • http://www.dhs.state.or.us/dhs/ph/chs/brfs/index.shtml • The BRFSS is the largest, continuously conducted, telephone health survey in the world.

33. Oregon BRFSS - SV 2008 • In the past 12 months, has anyone ever had sex with you, or attempted to have sex with you after you said or showed that you didn't want them or without your consent?

34. Raped or Attempted RapePast 12 months (2008) • Total Respondents (n=4,434): • .3% Attempted (.7% ages18-24 & 25-34) • .0% Carried Out • Females: • .4% Attempted (1.6% ages18-24, .6% 55-64) • .0% Carried Out • Males: • .3% Attempted (1.1% 25-34)

35. Oregon BRFSS - IPV 2008 • In the past 12 months, have you experienced any physical violence or had unwanted sex with an intimate partner? • .6% (n=4,433) • Females .7% (1.7% 25-34) • Males .5% (1.4% 35-44)

36. Oregon BRFSS – SV 2007 • 18.1% of females over 18 years of age report experiencing attempted sex without consent • 16.3% of females over 18 years of age report experiencing sex without consent From 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey

37. Data doesn’t always add up…

38. Oregon Healthy Teens (OHT) Survey • http://www.dhs.state.or.us/dhs/ph/chs/youthsurvey/index.shtml • Anonymous and voluntary • 8th and 11th graders statewide • County-level data 2007-08 • Every 2 Years • The Addictions and Mental Health Division (AMH) conducted a Student Survey in 2010.

39. OHT: SV by grade

40. OHT: SV by gender

41. OHT: IPV by grade

42. OHT: IPV by gender

43. Healthy Sexuality... A New Frame of SV Prevention

44. Ever Forced to Have Sex

45. Never Forced to Have Sex

46. Given in to Sexual Activity because of Pressure

47. Did not give in to sexual activity/was not pressured

48. Positive Youth Development • Focuses on young people’s capacities, strengths and developmental needs – not solely on their problems (risks or negative behaviors). • Shift from crisis management and problem reduction to strategies that increase youth contact with positive, supportive relationships and challenging, meaningful activities.

49. PYD Questions • Would you say that in general your physical health is.... • Would you say that in general your emotional and mental health is.... • I can do most things if I try. • There is at least one teacher or other adult in my school that really cares about me. • I volunteer to help others in my community. • I can work out my problems.

50. PYD Reduces the Risk of Sexual Violence