The inferior olivary nucleus is the only source of cerebellar climbing fibers

2. I V I V

3. The inferior olivary nucleus is the only source of cerebellar climbing fibers

4. The InferiorOlive nucleus

5. Olivary neurons (Ramon Y Cajal)

6. HRP filled olivary neuron Intracellular labeling of olivary neuron

7. Action potential in olivary neuron

8. Action potentials in olivary neuron

9. The effect of TTX on action potentials in olivary neuron

10. The effect of Mn2+ and Cd2+ on action potentials in olivary neuron

11. -55 mV -60 mV -60 mV 15 mV -68 mV 1 nA 20 msec Two types of action potentials in olivary neuron -60 mV 15 mV

12. The Na+ and Ca2+ components of the two types of action potentials

13. TTX Independent activation of the action potentials

14. Refractory period of the action potentials

15. 10 mV Refractory period of the action potentials

16. The Inactivation curve of the low threshold action potential

17. Possible mechanism of rhythmic activity Ionic currents in Olivary neurons: Na current – typical H&H current Dendritic Ca current – high threshold non-inactivating Ca dependent, K current Somatic Ca current – low threshold inactivating

18. Possible mechanism of rhythmic activity

19. Cell 2 Cell 1 20 mV Cell 1 Cell 2 5 mV 200 ms 20 mV Cell 1 10 mV 2 mV Cell 2 100 ms 200 ms 5 10 mV Electrical coupling between olivary neuron Cell 1 Cell 2

20. Dye coupling between olivary neuron

21. The olivary glumerulus

22. Olivary Gapjunction