Baby Child Lifesaving Technique

1. Baby Child Lifesaving Technique first & foremost safety 2016

2. Lifesaving Priorities Dr ABC Danger Response Airway Breathing Circulation first & foremost safety 2016

3. Danger DANGER – Are you or the baby/child in any danger? If you have not already done so, make the situation safe and then assess the casualty. first & foremost safety 2016

4. Response RESPONSE – If the baby/child appears unresponsive or unconscious, gently tap the shoulders calling out their name and ask a direct question to promote a response. first & foremost safety 2016

5. Airway AIRWAY– This is a priority when checking any casualty. Check the mouth for any obvious obstruction. To open the airway, tilt the head back and lift the chin of an unconscious casualty to allow oxygen to enter the body. first & foremost safety 2016

6. Breathing BREATHING – Is the baby/child breathing? To check for breathing, maintain an open airway and look for chest movements, listen for sounds of breathing and feel for breath on your cheek. Check for breathing for up to 10 seconds. If breathing is present, put the baby/child into the recovery position. If you have determined that there is no breathing present, then we now need to breathe for the casualty by giving 5 initial rescue breaths. first & foremost safety 2016

7. Breathing Child • Breathing for the child • Tilt back the head into the open airway position. • Pinch the soft part of the child’s nose and open the mouth. • Place your lips around the child’s mouth, making an airtight seal. • Blow into the child’s mouth until you see the chest rise. • Remove your mouth from the child’s mouth and wait until the chest falls. • Take another deep breath • and repeat 5 times. first & foremost safety 2016

8. Breathing Baby • Breathing for the baby • Tilt back the head into the open airway position. • Place your lips around the nose and the mouth of the baby, making an airtight seal. • Blow into the baby’s nose/mouth until you see the chest rise. • Remove your mouth from the baby’s nose/mouth and wait until the chest falls. • Take another deep breath • and repeat 5 times. first & foremost safety 2016

9. Circulation CIRCULATION – Following the rescue breaths spend up to 10 seconds checking for signs of circulation. Look for signs of circulation - look at the skin colour of the casualty. Listen for any signs of circulation breathing, coughing etc. If circulation is present, then continue breathing for the casualty for 1 minute, place them into the recovery position and dial 999 for an ambulance. If there is no circulation present, we need to start CPR (cardiopulmonary resuscitation). first & foremost safety 2016

10. CPR Child CPR for the child To locate the point of compression for a child, locate one of the lower ribs, follow the rib until you come to the centre of the breastbone. With the other hand, meet your fingers – this is the pressure point for a child (1 year to puberty). The ratio for compressions and breathing for a nonmedical professional is 30:2 first & foremost safety 2016

11. CPR Baby • CPR for the baby • To locate the point of compression for a baby, draw an imaginary line between the nipples - one finger’s breadth below this line is the point for compression. • Use only two fingers for compression at the rate of 100 times per minute. • The ratio for compressions and • breathing for a nonmedical • professional is 30:2 first & foremost safety 2016

12. Choking Choking Young children and babies are prone to choking. The most common cause of choking in this age group are food and small objects like buttons, beads and coins and small toys left lying about by older siblings. When an object is stuck in the throat it can block the airway, making breathing difficult, or the throat can go into a muscular spasm. If the airway is only partially blocked the casualty should be able to clear the blockage; if it is fully blocked, then the casualty will not be able to breathe, speak or cough and this will fast lead to unconsciousness so action must be prompt. first & foremost safety 2016

13. Choking CHOKING CHILD Your first aim is to try to encourage the child to cough as this could allow them to remove the obstruction themselves. However, if the child becomes weak or shows signs of difficulty in breathing, then we need to deliver one or all of the following techniques: first & foremost safety 2016

14. Choking Child • BACKSLAPS • Bend the child forward and using the heel of your hand, aim to deliver 5 sharp backslaps in the middle of the shoulder blades. • Check the mouth to see if the obstruction is cleared and if you can see something in the mouth use a one-finger sweeping action to remove it. • Never go into the mouth blindly in case you push the obstruction further down the throat. If backslaps fail then try chest thrusts. first & foremost safety 2016

15. Choking Child CHEST THRUSTS Stand or kneel behind the child, placing your fist against the lower part of the breastbone. Take hold of your fist with the other hand and pull sharply inwards and upwards. Give up to 5 chest thrusts, checking the mouth again using the sweeping finger to remove any obstruction. If this fails try the abdominal thrusts. first & foremost safety 2016

16. Choking Child • ABDOMINAL THRUSTS • Place the thumb side of your fist • between the naval and the ribcage. • Roll your fist sharply in an "inwards and upwards" movement into the • abdomen. • Repeat this rolling technique 5 times. • Check the mouth to see if the obstruction has cleared using the finger sweep action. first & foremost safety 2016

17. Choking Baby • BACKSLAPS • Lay the baby face down along your forearm, supporting the head, with the head lower than the legs, and give up to 5 firm back slaps. • Check the mouth and • remove any obstruction • with your fingertips. first & foremost safety 2016

18. Choking Baby • CHEST THRUSTS • If the backslaps fail, turn the baby onto their back and give up to 5 chest thrusts. • Using 2 fingers, one finger’s breadth below the nipple line, push inwards and upwards on the breastbone. Perform the chest thrusts at a rate of one • thrust every 3 seconds. • Check the mouth. first & foremost safety 2016

19. Choking If the obstruction is still not cleared repeat the backslaps, chest thrusts and abdominal thrusts up to 3 times more. Dial 999 for an ambulance and continue the above until the obstruction clears checking the level of response and be prepared to resuscitate if necessary. first & foremost safety 2016

20. Recovery Position Child • Child Recovery Position • For an older child, kneel down beside them, removing spectacles and bulky items from pockets. • Place the arm nearest to you in the wave position. • Take hold of the other arm and bring it across the body, placing and holding the back of the hand on • to the cheek. • This acts as a cushion for the child • to rest on. • Taking hold of the far leg, bend at • the knee using the clothing if • possible, and roll the casualty towards you. first & foremost safety 2016

21. Recovery Position Child • Once the casualty is on his/her side, adjust the top leg so that the knee is bent, this • will prevent the child from rolling forward. • Tilt back the head to maintain an open airway, allowing fluids to drain and prevent the tongue from obstructing the airway. first & foremost safety 2016

22. Recovery Position Baby Baby Recovery Position For a baby, the recovery position is to cradle the baby in your arms with the head slightly lower than the legs, this allows drainage of fluids and the head remains in the open airway position. first & foremost safety 2016

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25. Wounds & Bleeding

26. Please remember If you are in any doubt seek out APROPRIATE PROFESSIONAL MEDICAL ATTENTION first & foremost safety 2016