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Integrating knowledge of ecosystem services into land-use decisions

Integrating knowledge of ecosystem services into land-use decisions. Dr Daniel Rutledge Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Presentation to Royal Society Ecosystem Services Workshop 09 August 2011, Wellington. Ecosystem Services: Issues.

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Integrating knowledge of ecosystem services into land-use decisions

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  1. Integrating knowledge of ecosystem services into land-use decisions Dr Daniel Rutledge Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Presentation to Royal SocietyEcosystem Services Workshop 09 August 2011, Wellington

  2. Ecosystem Services: Issues • Uneven/no consideration in policy, planning, and resource management, including land-use planning • Receiving increasing emphasis given concerns over long-term sustainability of human society • Appealing in concept but challenging to implement in practice, especially when little or nothing is known about them

  3. Key Questions • What is the current state of ecosystem services in New Zealand? How have they fared historically? • In the future how will changes in land use affect ecosystem services? Conversely how will changes in ecosystem services influence land-use decisions? • How can better knowledge about the states and trends of ecosystem services be incorporated into policy, planning and resource management?

  4. Key Questions • What is the current state of ecosystem services in New Zealand and how have they fared historically? • In the future how will changes in land use affect ecosystem services and, conversely, how will changes in ecosystem services influence land-use decisions? • How can better knowledge about the states and trends of ecosystem services be incorporated into policy, planning and resource management? Important Note Our values and policies will influence our knowledge of ecosystem services by influencing what information and data we decide to collect or not to collect.

  5. Ecosystem Services forMultiple Outcomes • 4-Year MSI-Funded Programme • 3 Objectives • Current state and recent trends • Future trends • Integration into policy, planning, and resource management (covered in Suzie Greenhalgh’s talk)

  6. Past State Explore future possible states The Approach Characterise past and current states and trends Identify future drivers & trends Understand pastdrivers & trends Define desired state Influence ? Decision Making Monitor Current State POLICY, PLANNING, AND MANAGEMENT Discuss & Deliberate

  7. Characterising State & Trends • Using the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment framework as astarting point • Taking a tiered approach to ES characterisation to reflect the varying levels of knowledge about differentservices

  8. NZ Ecosystem Services Classification Adapted from the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005)

  9. Tiered Approach to Ecosystem Service Characterisation or ?

  10. Ecosystem Services Atlas Climate Regulation Water Regulation Meat Milk Sediment Retention Wood Freshwater Provision Wool

  11. Trend Analysis ofGreenhouse Gases 1990-2003

  12. Trend Analysis ofGreenhouse Gases 1990-2003

  13. Exploring Future States • Approach • Multi-scale spatially-explicit systems modelling • National extent within a global context • Fine resolution (1 ha or less) • 100-year time horizon • Future Drivers & Trends • Population • Climate Change • Energy & Natural Resources • Economic Development • Societal Trends • Technology & Innovation

  14. Land Systems Modelling • Aims to overcome some limitations of typical land-use/land-cover change modelling • Confounding of land cover and land use • Single cover/use at any one place • Simple characterisations (e.g., dairy, urban, conservation) • Same model for different processes • Help explore • Triggers and threshold of change • Cumulative effects – positive and negative • Shocks from rare but significant events • Provide the ability ask more meaningful questions from a policy, planning, and resource management perspective

  15. Example:Estimating Food Production in Urban Areas

  16. Map Land Use Patterns GLEN INNES GRAFTON Ghosh, S, Vale. RJD, Vale. BA, (2008) Local Food production in home gardens: measuring onsite sustainability potential of residential development, International Journal of Environment and Sustainable Development 7(4): 430-451.

  17. Study Area: Hamilton Image: Google Maps (maps.google.co.nz)

  18. Study Area: Hamilton Residential Indigenous Forest (cover not use) Parks

  19. Productive Area Calculation Productive Area by Census Meshblock = Residential Areas – Estimated Dwelling Area – Other Building Area – Res. “Void” Polygons – 5-m Road Buffer 2 1 2 3 3 4 4 1

  20. Results: ProductiveArea

  21. Land Systems Modelling Appraoch • Advantages • Scalability • Processes operate at their own inherent scales • Able to address multiple outcomes, questions, and issues (e.g., multiple land use) • Disadvantages • Data hungry – how feasible is it really? • How much do we know about complexity & dynamics? • What is the appropriate level of characterisation?Is complex necessarily better than simple?

  22. Integration into Policy, Planning, and Resource Management • Models and approaches to improve characterisation of ecosystem services • Tools to explore the consequences of different land-use planning scenarios on ecosystem services (and vice-versa)

  23. More information www.ecosystemservices.co.nz

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