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Independent and dependent clauses

Independent and dependent clauses. Learning Objective. Today I will distinguish between independent and dependent clauses I will be able to write an analogy for independent and dependent clauses. I will be able to write and punctuate complex sentences correctly. Why are we going over this?.

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Independent and dependent clauses

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  1. Independent and dependent clauses

  2. Learning Objective • Today I will distinguish between independent and dependent clauses • I will be able to write an analogy for independent and dependent clauses. • I will be able to write and punctuate complex sentences correctly.

  3. Why are we going over this? • Too many of you have included sentence fragments in your writing. In other words, you are not using complete sentences!

  4. The Clause: • Clauses ALWAYS have subjects and verbs • Clauses are categorized into 2 groups: • Independent (AKA main) • Dependent (AKA subordinate) • The independent clause can stand alone as a complete sentence or thought (not a fragment) • The dependent clause CANNOT stand alone; it has a subject and verb, but is a fragment and DEPENDS on a main clause to make sense

  5. An analogy to help: • Think of the Main Clause as a manager. • Think of the Subordinate Clauses as workers. • The Subordinates cannot do the work without the Manager’s approval (otherwise, chaos ensues). • Thus, any subordinate clause always needs a main clause to manage them.

  6. Or if that didn’t make sense to you, try this one: • The independent clause can be thought of as a parent. • Whereas the dependent (subordinate) clauses can be thought of as the children. • Hence, the children depend on the parents’ approval to do anything.

  7. Can you think of another analogy that would work for independent and dependent clauses?

  8. A related group of words with a subject and predicate is called a clause. • A complex sentence contains an independent and dependent clause.

  9. Independent clause Native Americans lived on the islanduntil they were attacked. Dependent clause

  10. Here’s a trick! • You can check to see if a clauses is independent or dependent by using this following trick: • At the beginning of the clause in question, add “It is possible that”

  11. It’s possible that • Example: • Grew up in Palm Desert • I am your 10th grade student this year at LQHS. • Also to see what your personality was • For example running, playing, jumping. Are any of these independent clauses?

  12. Write I or D for independent or dependent clause. • 1. if you live on an island______ • 2. the tides affect your life______ • 3. the water level rises_____ • 4. when the tide comes in_____ • 5. much of the beach disappears under water_____ • 6. until the tide goes out_____

  13. In the following sentences, identify the independent and dependent clauses. • Although it was located next to a school, the Radiac Research Corporation was storing large amounts of medical waste. • Cleopatra lived in ancient Egypt, which she ruled. • When a crowd gathered for a public rally, the teens told the people about Radiac. • Billy fell in the sewer on a neighborhood street as he was playing on a Saturday afternoon.

  14. Furthermore, • How do I punctuate two independent clauses that are closely related? • USE A SEMICOLON! Or a period

  15. Independent Clause: • I need new school clothes. I will go to the mall. • Because these sentences (independent clauses) are closely related, they can be joined with a semi-colon: • I need new clothes ; I will go to the mall. Sub verb sub verb verb independent clause independent clause

  16. If you start a sentence with a dependent clause, use a comma before the independent clause. • USE A COMMA! Because I don’t have a car, I can’t go off campus for lunch today. • ***If the dependent clause appears after the independent clause, you don’t need any punctuation! Whoo hoo! I can’t go off campus today for lunch because I don’t have a car.

  17. sub verb sub verb • Whenever you begin a sentence with a subordinating conjunction, use a comma. • My cell phone rang in class. I answered it. • Because my cell phone rang in class, I answered it. • Last week’s sentence structure works here as well: My cell phone rang in class; I answered it. • Either way, rather than write two boring sentences punctuated with a period, you can now choose two different ways to write this sentence more effectively by using a more complex structure. independent clause independent clause dependent clause independent clause

  18. Tools you need to remember: • It’s possible that…

  19. Also, here are some words that trigger the entrance of a dependent clause: • Because • When Though • Unless • Whenever • While • As long as • As soon as • In order that If Since Although After As As if Before So that Until

  20. TASK- what’s cooking? • Write one sentence for each following sentence recipe: • Recipe #1: Two independent clauses closely related • Recipe #2: Complex sentence starting with a dependent clause (use your list of trigger words) • Recipe #3: Complex sentence ending with a dependent clause. • Finally, write an analogy for independent and dependent clauses. Be sure to draw a picture to go with it!

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