1 / 63

Israel/Palestinian Dispute

Israel/Palestinian Dispute. Political Movements Response to Capitalism (Thesis, Antithesis, Synthesis). Progressive movement advocated making laws to regulate industry abuses, promoted women’s rights. Socialism: government protection and services to spread wealth downward.

hong
Download Presentation

Israel/Palestinian Dispute

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Israel/Palestinian Dispute

  2. Political Movements Response to Capitalism (Thesis, Antithesis, Synthesis) • Progressive movement advocated making laws to regulate industry abuses, promoted women’s rights. • Socialism: government protection and services to spread wealth downward. • Marxist/Communist: an economic system in which labor controlled capital, and the economy was planned for the benefit of working class.

  3. Why Middle East Was important

  4. Ottomans At their Zenith

  5. In the late 19th Century, the powerful, industrialized Western powers dominated Turkey: Capitulations

  6. After WWI, The mandate system divided up the remains of the Ottomans

  7. After the War The British Mandate in Levant

  8. The entire world was under European Domination

  9. In exchange for helping the British, Arabs were promised current-day Israel: Letter to Hussein • The document declared that the Arabs would revolt in alliance with Great Britain in return for recognition of Arab independence in an area running from the 37th parallel near the Taurus Mountains on the southern border of Turkey, to be bounded in the east by Persia and the Persian Gulf, in the west by the Mediterranean Sea and in the south by the Arabian Sea.[4][5]

  10. McMahon Letter 1915 • The districts of Mersin and Alexandretta, and portions of Syria lying to the west of the districts of Damascus, Homs, Hama and Aleppo, cannot be said to be purely Arab, and must on that account be excepted from the proposed delimitation.Subject to that modification, and without prejudice to the treaties concluded between us and certain Arab Chiefs, we accept that delimitation.As for the regions lying within the proposed frontiers, in which Great Britain is free to act without detriment to interests of her ally France, I am authorized to give you the following pledges on behalf of the Government of Great Britain, and to reply as follows to your note:That subject to the modifications stated above, Great Britain is prepared to recognize and uphold the independence of the Arabs in all the regions lying within the frontiers proposed by the Sharif of Mecca

  11. The Balfour Delcaration of 1917 • Dear Lord Rothschild,I have much pleasure in conveying to you, on behalf of His Majesty's Government, the following declaration of sympathy with Jewish Zionist aspirations which has been submitted to, and approved by, the Cabinet:"His Majesty's Government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country".I should be grateful if you would bring this declaration to the knowledge of the Zionist Federation.

  12. Letter to King Hussein in 1918, sounds like a two state solution • The Entente Powers are determined that the Arab race shall be given full opportunity of once again forming a nation in the world. This can only be achieved by the Arabs themselves uniting, and Great Britain and her Allies will pursue a policy with this ultimate unity in view.[9] • and with respect to Palestine and in the light of the Balfour Declaration that • Since the Jewish opinion of the world is in favour of a return of Jews to Palestine and in as much as this opinion must remain a constant factor, and further as His Majesty's Government view with favour the realization of this aspiration, His Majesty's Government are determined that insofar as is compatible with the freedom of the existing population both economic and political, no obstacle should be put in the way of the realization of this ideal.[9]

  13. In the early 20th Century, secular, socialist Jewish settlers called Zionist began to buy and develop farms called Kibbutz from absentee landlords in the area.

  14. White Paper, 1939, World War II • "His Majesty's Government believe that the framers of the Mandate in which the Balfour Declaration was embodied could not have intended that Palestine should be converted into a Jewish State against the will of the Arab population of the country. [...] His Majesty's Government therefore now declare unequivocally that it is not part of their policy that Palestine should become a Jewish State. They would indeed regard it as contrary to their obligations to the Arabs under the Mandate, as well as to the assurances which have been given to the Arab people in the past, that the Arab population of Palestine should be made the subjects of a Jewish State against their will." • 'The objective of His Majesty's Government is the establishment within 10 years of an independent Palestine State in such treaty relations with the United Kingdom as will provide satisfactorily for the commercial and strategic requirements of both countries in the future. [..] The independent State should be one in which Arabs and Jews share government in such a way as to ensure that the essential interests of each community are safeguarded.'

  15. The White Paper also stated • That Balfour had been satisfied, even though no state established, because 450,000 Jews had moved to region. • Establish quotas of 10,000 Jews per year to move to Palestine, effectively blocking the escape of Jews from the Nazis. • Allowed the transfer of only 5% of available land from Arab to Jew, to prevent the purchase of a larger movement of Jews to the region.

  16. Arab/Muslims gain independence between and after the World Wars

  17. After the War • European Jews had literally no where to go: all their villages and most of their population had be destroyed. • The U.S., Britain and Soviet Union didn’t want them. • So naturally, they gravitated toward Israel, still under British Mandate. • The British corralled them in Cyprus.

  18. Groups smuggled Jews into Israel to circumvent the British blockade.

  19. Israeli “terrorist” freedom fighters bombed and attacked British outposts after WWII, until they gave up

  20. The UN partitioned the Palestinian Mandate into Israel (dark area) and a Palestinian State (light gray), out of the old Transjordan, current day Jordan

  21. The Israeli War of IndependenceThe Catastrophe. • The newly formed Israeli State was attacked by the following, establishing a pattern: • Egypt Iraq • Sudan Saudi Arabia • Transjordan Yemen • Syria Muslim Brotherhood • Lebanon

  22. Pre and Post boundaries of the newly created states (note the positon of Jerusalem)

  23. ¼ million Palestinian’s fled the new Israeli border, after being told they would be slaughtered. Many still live there

  24. Post ’67 Border

  25. The other wars • Several other smaller wars occurred between the combatants, including the Suez War, in which Britain used Israel to secure the Suez Canal from Nasser.

  26. Right of Return • In 1948 the UN General Assembly passed Resolution 194 on the Question of Palestine, which "resolves that refugees wishing to return to their homes and live at peace with their neighbors should be permitted to do so at the earliest practicable date, and that compensation should be paid for the property of those choosing not to return...“ • This resolution is still a huge sticking point in the conflict.

  27. If Israel would allow the right of return • The Jewish population would be outnumbered by the Palestinians, putting Israel into the position of either: • Losing its status as a Jewish state • Losing its status as a democracy.

  28. Demographics is Destiny • If Israel would choose to do so, they would cease being a Jewish state. • There are currently about 6 million Jews in Israel and 8 to 9 Million Palestinians who might make claims, about 2 million Arab Muslims who live in Israel currently. • This demographic problem is the same when Israel considers incorporating the “occupied territories” of the West Bank, Jews would then be a minority.

  29. The 1967 War • Israel fought and defeated the following combatants in Six days, hence the name the Six day war: • Egypt Morocco Saudi Arabia • Syria Tunisia Sudan • Jordan Algeria • Iraq Libya • Saudi Arabia Kuwait

  30. Israel After the Six Day War includes the West Bank and Gaza

  31. And the Newly formed Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO), Yasser Arafat decades long leader of the PLO

  32. Resolution 242: After the Six Day War • (i) Withdrawal of Israel armed forces from territories occupied in the recent conflict; • (ii) Termination of all claims or states of belligerency and respect for and acknowledgment of the sovereignty, territorial integrity and political independence of every State in the area and their right to live in peace within secure and recognized boundaries free from threats or acts of force." [3]

  33. The PLO has morphed into Fatah that now runs the West Bank and is considered the more moderate Palestinian Leadership Mahmoud Abbas: current Fatah leader

  34. Under Arafat, the PLO terrorized Israel in its attempt to “drive Israel into the sea” • The PLO launched a series of attacks on Israel from Jordan. • Jordan eventually expelled them after the Black September group tried to overthrow the King. • The PLO then moved to camps in Lebanon.

  35. PLO Terrorist Acts

  36. 1978: Camp David Accords • Peace Between Egypt and Israel • An autonomous Palestinian government in Gaza and West Bank • Sinai goes back to Egypt, Israel can use Suez Canal • U.S. will bankroll Israel and Egypt. • Egypt recognizes Right to Exist.

  37. For his trouble, Sadat • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rhu-YgCyPz4

  38. In 1995, after trying to negotiate the Oslo Peace treaty with PLO, Rabin got the same thanks • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4xc4YR-KWl4&feature=related

  39. From this point on, Israel is the dominate military power in the region • In 1982 Israel invades Lebanon to root out the PLO:

  40. Hezbollah created by Shiites in Southern Lebanon to expel Israelis, still exists, with support of Iran, and the Qudz force, tons of rockets Nazrallah: Leader of Hezbollah, Shiite “terrorist” group in Southern Lebanon.

  41. Hezbollah • Still maintains a large missile stockpile supplied by Iran and the Qudz Force, controlled by Ayatollah Khomeini, the Supreme Leader • Hezbollah has the third largest group in Lebanon’s parliament.

  42. In 1983, we sent Marines in to Beirut to intercede in Civil War, close to 300 killed, we withdrew

  43. Israel Defense forces are accused of allowing Christian Lebanese Militias into Palestinian camps, where the proceeded to slaughter women and children in Sabra and Shatila

  44. Intifadas: Since 1997 localized uprisings on West Bank protested occupation

  45. When the Soviet Union fell and many conservative Jews moved to Israel, Israel accelerated their building of settlements.

  46. Settlements are little Israel cities inside the West Bank

  47. Suicide bombings swept Israel in 1990s and Early 2000

  48. Israel and Palestinian Authority have reduced the amount of bombings in the last five years or so

More Related