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WWII On the Homefront

WWII On the Homefront. Mobilization, Racial Tension, and effects. Manpower and Financing. More than 15 million men and women by 1945 Total cost? $330 billion 60% borrowed through sale of bonds 40% garnered through revenue-raising measures

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WWII On the Homefront

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  1. WWII On the Homefront Mobilization, Racial Tension, and effects

  2. Manpower and Financing • More than 15 million men and women by 1945 • Total cost? $330 billion • 60% borrowed through sale of bonds • 40% garnered through revenue-raising measures • Graduated income tax, excise taxes, excess profit taxes • National debt: $49 B (1941) to $260B (1945) • See chart!

  3. National Debt Rises

  4. Supplies and Materials • War Production Board • Office of Economic Stabilization est. early 1943 • National War Labor Board • Smith-Connelly War Labor Act • Office of Price Administration • Rationing • Industrial Conversion • Henry Ford—Willow Run • Henry Kaiser– “Sir Launchalot”

  5. Rationing

  6. Changes in American Life • Population shifts • Impact on minorities • “Just carve on my tombstone, here lies a black man killed fighting a yellow man for the protection of a white man” • 1 million in armed forces (segregated) • Charles Drew and blood plasma • Movement to cities—Detroit Riot? • A. Philip Randolph’s march—Executive Order 8802 • CORE, Double V Campaign!

  7. Mexican Americans • “zoot suit” riots • Bracero Program

  8. Women • 19 million in workforce by 1945—many married • “war brides” • Enlistments: WACS, WAVES, WAF, WASP

  9. Garnering support for war • Left largely to private sector • Personal appeal and sacrifice • War movies • Use of celebrities • Executive Order 9066

  10. Executive Order 9066

  11. Location of Internment Camps

  12. The 442nd Regiment and Apology

  13. Entertainment and Escapism • Swing • Humor • Propaganda http://www.pbs.org/jazz/time/time_wwii.htm

  14. The Letter, Jacob Lawrence,1946

  15. The Red Staircase, Ben Shahn, 1946

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