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EOC REVIEW 2013

EOC REVIEW 2013. Lesson 1. Before You Begin Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces . Essential Question (Discuss with teammate and record answer)

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EOC REVIEW 2013

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  1. EOC REVIEW2013

  2. Lesson 1

  3. Before You Begin Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces Essential Question (Discuss with teammate and record answer) If two different cells each contain DNA, how can one cell be classified as prokaryotic and the other as eukaryotic?

  4. Activities and Instructions C - Teacher check off answer R -Record Answer 1) Locate the Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cell Comparison Table and the envelope containing the Cell Structure and Function Cards. Remove the cards from the envelope and place them in the correct column on the table. Note that there are 3 copies of each card; this is because some cards may belong with more than one cell type. C 2) Locate the Characteristics of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Cardsand accompanying Venn diagram. Place each card in the appropriate place on the Venn diagram. C 3) Locate the envelope that contains the Unknown Cell Type Cards. Determine the type of cell each card represents. R 4) Select one of the Unknown Cell Type Cards and justify how you decided to classify it as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic. R

  5. After You Are Finished Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces Essential Question (Modify or change your original response) If two different cells each contain DNA, how can one cell be classified as prokaryotic and the other as eukaryotic?

  6. I need to remember… • Prokaryotic cells do not have a true nucleus • In eukaryotic cells, the DNA is surrounded by a membrane. • Both types of cells have ribosome. • Some eukaryotic cells and all prokaryotic cells are surrounded by a cell wall. • Eukaryotic cells have organelles surrounded by membranes. • Prokaryotic cells can reproduce only asexually, by fission or budding. • Eukaryotic calls reproduce asexually and sexually

  7. Lesson 2

  8. Before You Begin Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces Essential Question (Discuss with teammate and record answer) How can the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration be used to explain energy conversion?

  9. Activities and Instructions C - Teacher check off answer R -Record Answer 1) Locate the Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration sheet and the envelope with the Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Cards. Select the cards that show the reactant and product parts of the formulas for photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Place the appropriate card over the correct box on the sheet C R 2) Answer questions 2 – 7 using the paper in the page protectors 3) Locate the Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Venn diagram and the envelope with the Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Cards. Place the cards in the correct area of the Venn diagram. C

  10. After You Are Finished Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces Essential Question (Modify or change your original response) How can the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration be used to explain energy conversion?

  11. I need to remember… • Photosynthesis: 6H2O + 6CO2 C6H12O6 + 6O2 • Cellular Respiration: C6H12O6 + 6O2  6H2O + 6CO2 • Cellular Respiration is the opposite of Photosynthesis • Cellular respiration occurs in plant and animal cells to burn glucose and create ATP for cell energy • Plants use sunlight during photosynthesis to convert energy from the sun in order to manufacture glucose.

  12. Lesson 3

  13. Before You Begin Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces Essential Question (Discuss with teammate and record answer) Why should a freshwater fish not be placed in a saltwater aquarium?

  14. Activities and Instructions C - Teacher check off answer R -Record Answer 1) Using the marker, copy the Before submersion Length (mm) and Mass (g) onto the Data Table C 2) Using forceps, remove potato core from Beaker A (blue liquid) and pat dry. Measure length of core (mm) and mass (g). Use marker to record data in “After submersion” section. Return potato to beaker. C 3) Repeat procedures for potato cores in Beaker B (red liquid) and the Distilled Water beaker (clear liquid). Use marker to record data. C 4) Sketch each beaker and potato on student worksheet. Label everything. Draw arrows on potato cores to show what happened. R 5) Determine which beaker contains hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions. Label each beaker accordingly. R 6) If a fresh potato core is placed in a solution containing more sucrose than Beaker A, predict what’ll happen to potato core’s mass. R

  15. After You Are Finished Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces Essential Question (Modify or change your original response) Why should a freshwater fish not be placed in a saltwater aquarium?

  16. I need to remember… • Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane. • Sometimes the movement of molecules across a semipermeable membrane requires energy. • When the number of molecules inside a cell is equal to the number of molecules on the outside of the cell, homeostasis has been reached – the cell is in equilibrium

  17. Lesson 4

  18. Before You Begin Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces Essential Question (Discuss with teammate and record answer) Why is it necessary for a virus to invade a living cell to make copies of itself?

  19. Activities and Instructions C - Teacher check off answer R -Record Answer 1) Use the Structures of Viruses and Cells sheet to examine the structures of cells and viruses. Use the words below to fill out the Venn diagram with the marker: C • Vesicles • Nucleus • Fibers • Nucleic acids • Protein coat • Mitochondria • Chloroplasts • Capsid • Cytoplasm • Cell membrane • Tail • Membrane envelope R 2) Based on Venn diagram, would you say viruses are living? Explain. 3) Using the Lytic Infection Cycle sheet and the Lytic Infection Cards, put the cards in proper sequence to show how a virus infects a cell. C 4) Study the model of a virus at your station. If a scientist tried to use this model to understand the structure and function of a virus, what limitations would they have? R

  20. Activities and Instructions C - Teacher check off answer R -Record Answer Read the following passage, then answer the questions that follow: Not all viruses replicate through lytic infection. Some viruses replicate by another method, called lysogenic infection. In this method, as in lytic infections, the virus injects DNA into the host cell. Then the virus DNA combines with the DNA of the host cell. This may not cause any damage to the cell for weeks, months, or years, but eventually the virus DNA begins a process of replication similar to the lytic infection. Question: HIV attacks our immune system (white blood cells) and replicates by the lysogenic infection method. Explain how the HIV virus replicates and why a person with HIV has difficulty fighting infections. R

  21. After You Are Finished Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces Essential Question (Discuss with teammate and record answer) Why is it necessary for a virus to invade a living cell to make copies of itself?

  22. I need to remember… • Viruses lack the cell structures necessary for reproduction. • Viruses are considered to be nonliving. • Viruses can replicate by two methods – lytic infection and lysogenic infection. • Lysogenic infections occur when the nuclear material of the virus combines with the DNA of a cell before replication of the virus begins. • Viruses and cells have one structure in common, nucleic acids. • HIV is a virus that infects and destroys immune system cells.

  23. Lesson 5

  24. Before You Begin Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces Essential Question (Discuss with teammate and record answer) What happens to a eukaryotic cell that does not complete all stages in the cell cycle?

  25. - Teacher check off answer C Activities and Instructions R -Record Answer 1) Locate the Eukaryotic Cell Cycle sheet and the Cell Cycle Characteristics Cards. Place each card on correct part of the cell cycle C 2) What must happen to a eukaryotic cell before it can go from G1 phase to the S phase? R 3) What happens to a cell in the G0 phase? R 4) What happens at the G1/S and the G2/M checkpoints? R 5) Arrange the Phases of Eukaryotic Mitosis and Cytokinesis Cards in the order they follow during cell division. Then arrange the Plant and Animal Cell Mitosis and Cytokinesis Cards on the correct phase card. C 6) Which phase of the cell cycle is cancer cell most likely to develop? R 7) What happens to a cell that can cause cancer? R 8) What’s the relationship between mitosis & growth in an organism? R

  26. - Teacher check off answer C Activities and Instructions R -Record Answer 9) Use the Mitosis in an Onion Root Tip sheet. Count the number of cells in each phase of mitosis. Create the table below on your answer sheet and record the numbers: R 10) Which phase has the largest number of active cells? Explain why. R 11) Were some of the cells difficult to classify in a stage? Explain why. R

  27. After You Are Finished Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces Essential Question (Discuss with teammate and record answer) What happens to a eukaryotic cell that does not complete all stages in the cell cycle?

  28. I need to remember… • The cell cycle is a continuous process of cell growth and reproduction. • The cell cycle goes through interphase, the longest phase, before undergoing mitosis and cytokinesis. • A cancer cell is a cell that goes through the cell cycle continuously, never stopping in Interphase. • Growth results from mitosis. • There are checkpoints during the cell cycle to help cells divide correctly

  29. Lesson 6 VIDEO?

  30. Before You Begin Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces Essential Question (Discuss with teammate and record answer) Biomolecules are organic molecules produced by living organism. Which biomolecule is produced during the process of photosynthesis and used as an energy source in cellular respiration?

  31. Activities and Instructions C - Teacher check off answer R -Record Answer 1) Use the 3 Structural Formula Cards for glucose, lipid, and protein. Which elements do all biomolecules have in common? R 2) Protein and glucose have 4 calories per gram, but lipids have 9 calories per gram. How do a biomolecule’s size and the number of bonds it contains affect the amount of energy that is available? R 3) Copy this chart. Count and record the model of glucose into the table. How does the formula, C6H12O6 , compare to the table? R

  32. Activities and Instructions C - Teacher check off answer R -Record Answer 4) Copy and complete the table. R

  33. After You Are Finished Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces Essential Question (Discuss with teammate and record answer) Biomolecules are organic molecules produced by living organism. Which biomolecule is produced during the process of photosynthesis and used as an energy source in cellular respiration?

  34. I need to remember… • Sugars, the smallest carbohydrates, serve as fuel. • Lipids store large amounts of energy. • A protein’s function depends on its unique sequence of amino acids. • Nucleic acids store and transmit hereditary information. • Organic molecules contain carbon-hydrogen bonds and are produced by organisms.

  35. Lesson 7

  36. Before You Begin Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces Essential Question (Discuss with teammate and record answer) How does the structure of DNA make it possible for traits to be passed on from one generation to another?

  37. Activities and Instructions C - Teacher check off answer R -Record Answer 1) Use the DNA Base Cards to complete the DNA molecule on the DNA Strand sheet. C 2) What are the components of a DNA molecule? R 3) Use the DNA Facts Cards and sort them into correct and incorrect piles. Record the correct facts. C R 4) Use a vis-à-vis marker to fill in the DNA double Helix on the laminated page 156. C 5) Which structures make up the DNA backbone? R

  38. After You Are Finished Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces Essential Question (Discuss with teammate and record answer) How does the structure of DNA make it possible for traits to be passed on from one generation to another?

  39. I need to remember… • DNA has 4 nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine • Genes are pieces of DNA that pass traits to offspring • Nucleotides are made of sugar, phosphate group, a base, and hydrogen bonds • A DNA molecule is a double helix made of 2 strands held together by hydrogen bonds • All living organisms have DNA • DNA is the code for all the proteins that keep a cell alive

  40. Lesson 8

  41. Before You Begin Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces Essential Question (Discuss with teammate and record answer) Humans have approximately 75,000 to 100,000 genes in a typical cell. A single gene contains about 10,000 nitrogen base pairs. How is it possible for a single mutation to one of these base pairs to cause a life-threatening condition.

  42. Activities and Instructions C - Teacher check off answer R -Record Answer 1) Read instructions for Part 1. Record the amino acid for each codon on your notes in the correct order. R 2) Follow instructions for part 2. R 3) Follow instructions for part 3. R 4) Follow instructions for part 4. Write the new codon arrangement and ID the amino acids using the mRNA Genetic Code Chart. R 5) What is the significance of this frame-shift mutation for the structure of the protein? R

  43. Activities and Instructions C - Teacher check off answer R -Record Answer 6) What’s the new mRNA sequence on the mutated hemoglobin? R 7) Read the Genetic Mutations Cards. How does this mutation change the type of hemoglobin produced? R 8) Which of the Genetic Mutations Cards represents mutations that are considered beneficial to humans? Explain why. R

  44. After You Are Finished Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces Essential Question (Discuss with teammate and record answer) Humans have approximately 75,000 to 100,000 genes in a typical cell. A single gene contains about 10,000 nitrogen base pairs. How is it possible for a single mutation to one of these base pairs to cause a life-threatening condition.

  45. I need to remember… • Mutations are changes in DNA that can be inherited. • A codon is a 3 letter sequence of mRNA that codes for 1 amino acid • Mutations occur when bases are added or deleted and when segments of DNA are missing. • Not all mutations are harmful—some are very beneficial

  46. Lesson 9

  47. Before You Begin Check the Station Information Sheet to make sure that all items are present and organized. NOTIFY your teacher immediately if you notice a problem. Example: Missing pieces Essential Question (Discuss with teammate and record answer) Hemophilia is a sex-linked trait that is carried on the X chromosome. Why is there a higher probability that males will exhibit the characteristics of hemophilia than females?

  48. 1 BODY COLOR = (G) yellow or (g) brown There is a change to the key Use Y or X for these chromosomes 2 Change the brown beads to GREEN beads 3 G g

  49. Activities and Instructions C - Teacher check off answer R -Record Answer For today’s activities, you will have a copy of all the student pages in page protectors. Follow those instructions. 1) Copy charts as seen on student handout and fill in. R 2) Copy charts as seen on student handout and fill in. R 3) Choose (A or B) for female and (C or D) for male. R 4) Follow the instructions on filling in the Genetic Cross Flowchart. C 5) Record answer to step 5. R 6) Create Punnett Square in student handout and record what the parent’s genotypes. R

  50. Activities and Instructions C - Teacher check off answer R -Record Answer 7) Record the missing genotypes for the Punnett Square by number: R 4 3 2 1

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