Satisfaction with Tourism Development in a Coastal Community: A comparison of Baby Boomers and the Silent Generation

1. Satisfaction with Tourism Development in a Coastal Community: A comparison of Baby Boomers and the Silent Generation Jill Naar Whitney Knollenberg Huili Hao, Ph.D.

2. Center for Sustainable TourismServing the state, the region and the nation • Climate, Weather and Tourism • Community Sense of Place • Renewable Energy in Tourism • Best Sustainable Tourism Practices • Engagement and Community Outreach Applicable Research • Coastal Community Tourism Development • Primary and Secondary Homeowners • Attitudes towards tourism development • Part of a larger multi-faceted study of amenity rich communities

3. Tourism Development • Where and why is it occurring? • Amenity-rich communities • Who does it effect? • Second-Home Owners (Stedman, R.C., 2006) • Residents(Andereck, K.L. & Vogt, C.A., 2000) • What should be done about it? • Explore residents’ attitudes towards tourism development (Lankford, S.V., Pfister, R.E., Knowles, J, & Williams, A, 2003) Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

4. Age and Tourism Development • Older cohorts of residents had negative view (Huh, C. & Vogt, C.A., 2008) • Older cohorts of second home owners had positive view (Tomljenovic R. & Faulkner B., 2000) • Areas of concern (Burdge, R.J., 1994; Colmean, P., 1990) Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

5. Tourism and Aging • Cohorts vs Generations (Hareven, T.K., 1994). • Baby Boomers and Silent Generation (Howe, N & Strauss, W, 2000) • 1943-1960 • 1925-1942 • Travel preferences by cohort membership (Pennington-Gray, L., & Kerstetter, D. L., 2001) • Not a homogenous group (Lehto, X. Y., Jang, S., Achana, F. T., & O'Leary, J. T., 2008) Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

6. Life Course Theory • (Elder, G. H., 1998) • Timing of life transitions • Timing of individual life transitions • Role of historical events Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

7. Purpose of Study To determine if there is a significant relationship between cohorts’ satisfaction with tourism development in a southeastern coastal county Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

8. Hypothesis There will be a relationship between respondents’ cohort membership and respondents’ level of satisfaction with tourism development. IV: Cohort membership DV: Satisfaction with tourism development Analysis: Independent t-test Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

9. Secondary data analysis • Focus groups used to guide instrument design • Online survey with option for hard copy or phone interview version • Sample of 8,000 residents • 11% response rate Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

10. Theme 2: • Current Tourism Development • Stability of the county’s tourism economy • Number of tourism businesses • The amount of tourism commercial development • Theme 3: Economic Impact • Retail prices compared to other coastal resort communities • Sales tax compared to other coastal • resort communities • Level of property taxes Theme 1: Accessibility Access to and from the county during tourists season The management of traffic generated by tourists Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

11. Characteristics of Participants Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

12. Characteristics of Participants 96% Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

13. Level of Education of Participants Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

14. Employment Characteristics of Participants Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

15. Annual Household Income of Participants Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

16. Theme 1: Accessibility 1=Not Satisfied 2= Somewhat Satisfied 3= Satisfied 4=Highly Satisfied Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

17. Theme 2: Current Tourism Development 1=Not Satisfied 2= Somewhat Satisfied 3= Satisfied 4=Highly Satisfied Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

18. Theme 3: Economic Impact 1=Not Satisfied 2= Somewhat Satisfied 3= Satisfied 4=Highly Satisfied Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

19. Conclusion • Majority (92%) of second homeowners in this community were within these two cohorts • Life course theory may not be applicable • Caveat to theory, some views overlap cohorts • Overall both cohorts were somewhat satisfied • Mean scores similar • Most satisfied-Economic Impact • Least satisfied- Accessibility Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

20. Limitations • Secondary Data Analysis • Using Life Course Theory as a lens • Low response rate • Incentive • Avoid over-surveyed communities • Location specific • Unable to generalize • Life course • Different life stages Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

21. Future Research • Theories • Social exchange theory • Variables • Related to quality of life • Affordability of housing, cleanliness, recreational opportunities • Demographics • Length of residency, business ownership, income, education level • Cohort differences • Sustainable actions • Include all members of household • Intra cohort • Longitudinal cohort study • Location • Other amenity rich communities • Home ownership • Primary vs. secondary Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

22. Application • Satisfaction of second homeowners  tourist experiences • Readiness of community for tourism development • Consideration of cohorts when marketing • Since this study cannot be generalized • Emerging market of Baby Boomers • Three important factors to consider may be • Accessibility • Current Tourism Development • Economic Impact Background Methodology Results Conclusion Application

23. Questions? www.sustainabletourism.org