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Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout. Session 4.1 Explore CSS layout Compare types of floating layouts Examine code for CSS layouts View prebuilt CSS layout pages Insert floating divs and nest divs Duplicate pages. Session 4.2 Draw AP divs Select, resize, and move AP divs

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Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

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  1. Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  2. Session 4.1 Explore CSS layout Compare types of floating layouts Examine code for CSS layouts View prebuilt CSS layout pages Insert floating divs and nest divs Duplicate pages Session 4.2 Draw AP divs Select, resize, and move AP divs Add content to AP divs Adjust AP div attributes Examine code for AP div tags Modify AP div stacking order Align and position AP divs Nest AP divs Objectives Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  3. Understanding Layout Techniques • Understanding how Web design has evolved will give you a better understanding of current layout techniques • Traditional layout techniques • Tables • Frames • Current layout techniques • Div tags • Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) styles Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  4. Traditional HTML Layout Techniques • Tables (grid structure) • Provide flexibility in arranging content • Resulting HTML code is cumbersome • Still sometimes used to structure content • Frames • Divide a Web page into multiple HTML documents • Each frame contains a single HTML document with its own content and potentially its own scroll bars • Use a frameset to hold Web page together • Outdated; rarely used Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  5. Current CSS Layout Techniques • Div tags • Placed around text, images, and page elements to structure and position the chunks of content • Create transparent, block-level container in a Web page to hold content • Almost any other tag can be placed in in a div tag • CSS styles • Can be added to a div tag • Adjust page layout by creating styles to position divs • Challenges: different browsers, monitor sizes, or screen resolutions Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  6. Positioning Div Tags in Web Pages • Absolute positioning (AP) • Specifies exact pixel in browser window where upper-left corner of div tag will be placed • Difficult to use effectively for page layout because of differences in screen resolution • Floating positioning • Create flexible designs that vary in size and position in response to monitor size and screen resolution • Used more frequently for page layout Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  7. Comparing Types of Floating Layouts Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  8. Exploring CSS Layout Code • Dreamweaver adds comments (i.e., notes) to code of HTML pages that are not read or displayed by browsers • Help designers understand what the code is used for and how it works • Help with recall if pages need editing in the future • Help distinguish one closing div tag from another and ensure that tags are in the right order in the page • Parent-child tag relationship • Two types of comments • Single line span only one line: <!--comment--> • Multiline span more than one line: /* comment */ Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  9. Exploring CSS Layout Code • Viewing the prebuilt CSS elastic layout page • New Document dialog box Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  10. Exploring CSS Layout Code • Viewing the prebuilt CSS elastic layout page • Pre-built CSS page with an elastic layout Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  11. Exploring CSS Layout Code • Viewing prebuilt CSS fluid layout pages • Figure 4-5 Prebuilt CSS page with a fluid layout Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  12. Exploring CSS Layout Code • Viewing prebuilt CSS fixed-width layout pages • Pre-built CSS page with a fixed-width layout Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  13. Exploring CSS Layout Code • Viewing prebuilt CSS fixed-width layout pages • Selected div tag in Code view Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  14. Planning the CSS Layout • Determine which CSS elements the pages require • Use ID type styles • Each page will have only one heading, a content area, and a footer area Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  15. Planning the CSS Layout • Layout of the NextBest Fest site Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  16. Determining Div Tags Display Order • Div tags appear in the page in the order in which they appear in the code • Place pointer in desired location in Document window before inserting new div tag • Place container or wrapper div tags around other divs and elements in the page Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  17. Creating Common CSS Style Attributes for Layout • Create CSS styles and apply them to a div that you want to have specific attributes or characteristics • Most useful attributes for layout are in the Box category • Width • Height • Float • Develop a flexible naming system • – Clear • –Padding • –Margin Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  18. Inserting Div Tags • Choose where, in the code, the tag is placed • At insertion point • Before tag • After start of tag • Before end of tag • After tag • Can apply existing class or ID style to the div • Can create a new CSS rule Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  19. Inserting Div Tags • Insert Div Tag dialog box Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  20. Inserting Div Tags • Div tag in the home page Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  21. Adding Comments to the Code in HTML Pages • Recommended for: • Creating complex code that might need to be edited later • Working in a team environment Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  22. Adding Comments to the Code in HTML Pages • Comment added to the closing content div tag Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  23. Duplicating Pages • Saves time • Assures that basic page structure is the same for all pages in the site Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  24. Editing the Style Sheet from the CSS Styles Panel • Any change made in one place will affect all pages in the site Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  25. Using Absolutely Positioned Div Tags • Positioned with accuracy and reliability • Remain in place relative to page margins regardless of size of browser window • Can be stacked on top of one another so that content overlaps • Can be animated, made visible or invisible, and have stacking order changed • Can be customized using CSS styles Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  26. Drawing AP Divs • AP div drawn in the home page Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  27. Selecting, Resizing, and Moving an AP Div • Div must be selected before it can be repositioned or resized • Use resize handles to change dimensions of AP div to fit the content • Reordering or moving • X coordinate: left position of AP div • Y coordinate: top position of AP div • Z-index number: stacking order • Rulers and guides enable easy placement Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  28. Selecting, Resizing, and Moving an AP Div • AP div selected in the home page Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  29. Selecting, Resizing, and Moving an AP Div • Repositioned AP div Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  30. Adding Content to an AP Div • Uses same methods used to insert content directly into Web page • Can move content from the page to an AP div by dragging it • AP divs must be active to accept content • Can contain almost any type of content: text, graphics, forms, multimedia Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  31. Adding Content to an AP Div • AP div with text content Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  32. Adding Content to an AP Div • AP div width updated in the Property inspector Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  33. Adjusting AP Div Attributes • Create CSS style with desired attribute values and attach that style to AP divs, or… • Use Property Inspector, which includes these attributes: • CSS-P Element • L and T • W and H • Z-Index • Vis • – Bg image • – Bg color • – Class • – Overflow • – Clip Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  34. Examining the Code for AP Div Tags • When an AP div is created, Dreamweaver places an ID style in the head of the page (not the style sheet) that defines: • Type of positioning • Left and top coordinates of AP div • Width and height • Overflow value • Z-index number • Sometimes useful to create external styles to define AP div positioning Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  35. Examining the Code for AP Div Tags • AP div in Split view Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  36. Examining the Code for AP Div Tags • Code for the AP div’s ID style Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  37. Modifying AP Divs • Change stacking order of AP divs by changing z-index number • Align AP divs to each other or to an invisible grid • Nest one AP div inside another Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  38. Adjusting Stacking Order • AP Elements panel Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  39. Adjusting Stacking Order • AP div stacking order changed Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  40. Aligning AP Divs • Select an AP div, press and hold Shift key, then click other AP divs to align • Last AP div selected remains stationary; other AP divs align to it • AP divs top aligned Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  41. Positioning Elements Using the Grid • Show or hide grid (default is for grid to be hidden) • Change size of grid squares for more precise alignment • Use Grid Setting dialog box to change appearance of grid Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  42. Positioning Elements Using the Grid • Grid in the Document window Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  43. Creating Nested AP Divs • Used to group AP divs • Move together • Share attributes with parent • Nesting refers to underlying code, not physical position Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  44. Creating Nested AP Divs • Nested available AP div repositioned Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

  45. Updating the Web Site on the Remote Server • Upload every page of the site • Include dependent files so that new graphics and CSS styles are uploaded • Preview the site on the Web as final review of changes Tutorial 4: Using CSS for Page Layout

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