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Developments in Sweden Tommy Westerlund, PhD

Developments in Sweden Tommy Westerlund, PhD. Queen's Centenary Special Pharmacy Symposium Belfast Northern Ireland October 28 th 2008. Apoteket. Exclusive right to operate the country's pharmacies since 1971 Nearly 1 000 pharmacies today > 90% community

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Developments in Sweden Tommy Westerlund, PhD

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  1. Developments in SwedenTommy Westerlund, PhD Queen's Centenary Special Pharmacy Symposium Belfast Northern Ireland October 28th 2008

  2. Apoteket • Exclusive right to operate the country's pharmacies since 1971 • Nearly 1 000 pharmacies today > 90% community • 35% of community pharmacies in health care centres • One pharmacy per 9,000 inhabitants

  3. Apoteket responsible for • ensuring a nationwide system of drug distribution • promoting rational drug use • determining extent and location of pharmacies and other sales outlets for drugs • having uniform prices of both prescription and OTC drugs sold to the general public throughout Sweden • offering health care producer-independent information and statistics on drug consumption

  4. Distribution services • 1000 pharmacy representativesin remote areas • Postal mail deliveries • Individually packed drugs • Electronic prescriptions

  5. Gross profit marginPercentage of sales of prescription drugs

  6. Substitution of drugs in order to reduce the costs to society When a drug included in the drug benefit scheme is prescribed and one or more comparable alternatives exist, the pharmacy must replace it with the cheapest alternative available locally

  7. Personnel categories • 900 pharmacists • 5,100 prescriptionists • 2,200 pharmacy technicians • Pharmacist education5-year-programme • Prescriptionist3-year-programme • Techs high school/in company training

  8. Pharmacist assignments • Educational activities • Project work • Drug & Therapeutics Committees • Medicine reviews • R&D • Hospital wards

  9. Self selection departments

  10. Self care customer services • A national standard for self care counselling- an important quality assurance tool • Favourable impact oncustomers' ailments • Appropriate referrals • Health points • Additional counselling services

  11. 1. Uncertainty about aim of drug 2. Therapy failure 3. Underuse of drug 4. Overuse of drug 5. Drug duplication 6. Adverse effect 7. Interaction 8. Contraindication 9. Inappropriate time for drug intake/ wrong dosage interval 10. Practical problems 11. Other drug-related problem Swedish community pharmacy classification of drug-related problemsWesterlund System

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