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Child Development

Child Development. Chapter Four – Communication and Conflict Resolution Mr. Marquis. The Communication Process. Communication is the process of sending and receiving messages between people. Good communication skills can help you to avoid misunderstandings with people.

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Child Development

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  1. Child Development Chapter Four – Communication and Conflict Resolution Mr. Marquis

  2. The Communication Process • Communication is the process of sending and receiving messages between people. • Good communication skills can help you to avoid misunderstandings with people. • Verbal communication means sending messages with words and the sound of your voice. • Nonverbal communication is sending messages without words, often through facial expressions and gestures. • People combine their verbal and nonverbal messages to communicate thoughts and feelings

  3. Barriers to Communication • It is important to be aware of barriers that can prevent messages from being sent and received as intended. • Misunderstandings and Unclear messages • Poor listening skills • Language and Culture

  4. Adapt to Communication Challenges • There are other obstacles you may encounter when trying to communicate: • Braille – people who have visual impairments can use the Braille alphabet to read with their fingertips • Sign Language – A specific set of hand signals and gestures used by and for people with hearing impairments

  5. The Messages Your Send • Body Language is a persons posture, facial expressions, gestures and way of moving • Eye Contact is a direct visual contact with another person. • Eye contact shows that you are interested, friendly and sincere

  6. The Messages You Send • An “I” Message is a statement that allows you to say how you feel and what you think. An “I” Message has three parts: • 1. “I feel…” (name an emotion, like disappointment or anger) • 2. “when you…” (say what behavior bothers you) • 3. “because…” (explain why it bothers you) • “You” messages often lead to attacks and accusations • “I” Messages help both participants stay reasonable and focused on the underlying problem.

  7. The Messages You Send • Use the right tone • Tone is the way a person says something to indicate what he or she is feeling or thinking • A positive message can sound negative if it is said with sarcasm or boredom • To express sympathy, use a gentle tone • To ask for help, use a polite tone

  8. The Messages You Send • Avoiding Mixed Messages • A mixed message occurs when you words and body language do communicate the same thing. • Mixed messages cause confusion and people find it hard to believe what you say or what they see.

  9. The Messages You Send • Time and Place • Knowing when and where to communicate can improve communication as well • Sometimes it is best to speak your mind immediately, other times it is wiser to wait • Avoid times when your emotions might hinder your message • Make sure the other person is not distracted • You are more likely to communicate effectively if both of you are calm and focused

  10. Communication Styles • The way you speak can be just as important as what you say. • Being assertive means you express ideas and opinions firmly and with confidence. Being assertive is not the same as being aggressive. • Aggressive people are overly forceful and pushy. • A passive communication style means people tend to keep their opinions to themselves and give in to the influence of others more easily.

  11. The Messages You Receive • Dealing with criticism, when it is meant to help, can help you improve a quality about yourself. • Ignore criticism that is spiteful or inaccurate. • You do not have to respond to people who make negative comments.

  12. The Messages You Receive • Active listening is concentrating on what is said so that you understand and remember the message. • Active listening strategies include: • Keeping and open mind • Controlling negative emotions • Not cutting off the speaker • Eliminating distractions • Focusing your attention • Concentrating • Listening with a purpose • Making eye contact • Avoiding judgments

  13. Feedback • Feedback occurs when a listener lets a speaker know that he or she is trying to understand the message being delivered. • A few ways to provide useful feedback include: • Interject – Do not interrupt, but when the speaker pauses, interject means to insert something into the conversation • Express – Show your interest by asking questions that lead to more conversation • Restate – In your own words, restate what the speaker said to you

  14. Thinking Map Time! • Create a Bubble Map in your Notes • In the center circle, write “Write Effective Email” • For each of the six steps below, provide your own definition or example: • Write a meaningful subject line • Do not assume privacy • Proofread • Keep messages to the point • Be careful with group email

  15. Communication and Relationships • Good communication is essential to good relationships – on a personal level, in the workplace and in society in general. • When you realize there may be a misunderstanding in communicating, try to clear the air between you and the other person as quickly as possible. • Clarification means to make something clearer with further explanation. • Many arguments can be avoided if you ask for clarification. • When you ask for clarification, you clear up misunderstandings and lessen confusion.

  16. Why Conflicts Happen • Conflict is a clash among people who have opposing ideas or interests • Some are trivial, and can be quickly resolved while others are serious and take time and effort to resolve • The worst kinds of conflict are those that lead to violence

  17. The Causes of Conflict • Poor Communication • Power Struggles happen when individuals or groups feel the need to be in control • Personality Differences – people who have different values, goals and attitudes are more likely to argue than those that do not • Jealousy – This strong emotion can cause feelings of resentment or hostility • Prejudice is an unfair judgment or opinion made without knowing all the facts

  18. Results of Conflict • Positive Results • Working to resolve a conflict is a valuable experience. • It helps to build problem-solving skills and promote effective communication. • Making an effort to resolve a conflict also strengthens a relationship. • Learning to cooperate with someone may create a better solution than insisting on having your own way.

  19. Results of Conflict • Negative results are: • Negative emotions – Anger, frustration, fear, pain, humiliation or sadness. • Stress – can lead to headaches, digestive problems, anxiety and other physical and mental problems. • Hurtful words – In the heat of anger, it is easy to say the wrong thing and hurt another person’s feelings. • Damaged relationship – Conflicts can break up families and friendships. Some family feuds are never resolved and last a lifetime. • Violence – When tempers flare, arguments can get out of hand and lead to violence. All negative effects are troubling, but violence is the most serious.

  20. Bullying • A bully is an aggressive person who intimidates, abuses or mistreats people. • A bullies motivations vary, but most will leave you alone if you show confidence and ignore their abuse. • If a bully does note stop, you need to let a teacher or other trusted adult know. • Dealing with a bully: • Show confidence • Ignore verbal abuse • Stand up for yourself • Stand up for others • Talk to an adult • Put safety before possesions

  21. Conflict Prevention • The best way to deal with conflict is to keep it from happening in the first place. • Adapt your behavior • Examine your attitude • Violence prevention • Peer education is a program that is based on the principle of teens teaching teens.

  22. Conflict Resolution • Negotiation is communication about a problem with the goal of finding a fair solution. • For negotiation to be successful, everyone who is involved must be willing to play a part. • A win-win situation is an ideal solution that benefits everyone involved and has no real drawbacks. • Other possible outcomes: • Compromise • Agree to disagree • Withdraw

  23. Conflict Resolution • Mediation is settling a conflict with the help of a neutral third party. • A mediator typically does not decie how to resolve the conflict, instead they help the parties find a fair solution. • Mediation is a good way to solve conflicts in the workplace. • Peer mediation is a process which specially trained students help other students resolve school-related conflicts peacefully.

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