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PLASTIC ELECTRONICS

PLASTIC ELECTRONICS. RajshekaR EC-2. Introduction. Plastic is considered as an insulator, a material that doesn't conduct electricity very well. In fact prior to the 1970s, all synthetic polymers were considered as electrical insulators.

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PLASTIC ELECTRONICS

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  1. PLASTIC ELECTRONICS RajshekaR EC-2

  2. Introduction • Plastic is considered as an insulator, a material that doesn't conduct electricity very well. • In fact prior to the 1970s, all synthetic polymers were considered as electrical insulators. • In 1978, a landmark paper described treating polyacetylene with halogens, and in doing so increased its electrical conductivity to almost the level of a poor metal • This opens the gateway of plastic electronics

  3. Disadvantages of Conventional Semiconductors • Manufacturing silicon requires • High temperatures (400-1400°C). • High vacuum environments. • Very clean environments. • This increases the cost of production. • Conventional electronic devices are rigid

  4. Advantages of Plastic Electronics • Can be manufactured easily under ordinary conditions. • More compatible with manufacturing processes that use other plastics. • Renowned for their excellent mechanical properties, such as strength and flexibility. • Cheap and light, useful features for biomedical and other portable applications.

  5. Feature of plastics • Strength • Flexibility • Light weight • Malleability. • Low cost

  6. The Chemistry behind… • Conventional plastic is a lousy conductor • Loose molecular bonds, which make the material so flexible, make it more difficult for the electrons to travel through it. • But arranging polymer molecules into long, straight rods lets electrons flow freely, approximating the conductivity of traditional materials like silicon or copper.

  7. Molecular Model of a Polymer

  8. Mobility Features • mobility of a typical conducting plastic used to be around 0.1 cm2/ volts • Recently, a new class of polymers (pentacene) has been found in which the mobility has been pushed up to 3 cm2/volts. • Scientists working on pentacene estimate a number close to 50 cm2/volts as the limit of achievable mobility for this special polymer

  9. Constructional Details • Dielectric layers are made from conventional, electrically insulating polymers. • Conjugated polymers are used for the semi-conducting components. • Electrodes & interconnects are fabricated from highly doped conducting polymers.

  10. sp2 hybridized structure

  11. Applications of Plastic Electronics • PolyLED • Plastic Transistors • Plastic Solar Cells • Plastic LASERs

  12. Polymer Light-Emitting Diode PolyLED • Light is transmitted in all directions with the same intensity • Consume much less power than today's devices. • High contrast and brightness to make a high-quality display that can be read easily in both bright and dark environments • Don't break when dropped

  13. Structure & Working of PolyLED

  14. Plastic Transistors

  15. Thin Film Transistor

  16. Working of TFT

  17. Plastic Solar Cells • At the heart of all photovoltaic devices are two separate layers of materials, • one with an abundance of electrons ;"negative pole," :- poly(3-hexylthiophene), or P3HT • one with an abundance of electron holes "positive pole.“:- Cadmium Selenide (CdSe)

  18. Plastic LASERs • The Future of Lasers is Plastic • . Lightweight "plastic lasers" would be cheaper, easier and safer to make than semiconductor lasers. • produce all the colors rainbow • shaped easily into films, rings, microscopic discs or any desired shape for various uses, • plastics act as their own cavities, not only emitting laser light but containing and focusing it.

  19. Conclusion: • In conclusion, while many obstacles still remain in the development of plastic electronic devices, the applications of these devices are not just science-fiction. • There is little doubt that, 'plastic electronics' will become part of our lives within the next decade. • Chemists will be vital members of the interdisciplinary teams that do this work. • Within the next decade, we will see plastic electronic devices giving intelligence to objects around us and significantly changing our lifestyle, just like the invention of plastics did in the twentieth century

  20. Thank you

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