King George III

1. King George III • King of Great Britain from 1760 to 1820, he had one of the longest reigns in British history. • During its course, Britain won an empire in the French and Indian War, but lost its American colonies in the American Revolution.

2. Samuel Adams • Samuel Adams was a major leader in the American Revolution. • Adams organized the protest against the Stamp Act (1765) and was a founder of the Sons of Liberty. • After 1770 he was the focal point in the creation of intercolonial committees of correspondence to sustain the spirit of resistance. He was a principle organizer of the Boston Tea Party.

3. Benjamin Franklin • In his many careers as printer, moralist, essayist, civic leader, scientist, inventor, statesman, diplomat, and philosopher, Benjamin Franklin became for later generations of Americans both a spokesman and a model for the national character.

4. John Adams • In four remarkable careers--as a foe of British oppression and champion of Independence (1761-77), as an American diplomat in Europe (1778-88), as the first vice-president (1789-97) and then the second president (1797-1801) of the United States--John Adams was a founder of the United States.

5. Abigail Adams • The wife of John Adams, the second president of the United States, and the mother of John Quincy Adams, sixth president. • She was considered her husband's equal in intelligence, drive, and diplomacy. • She was active in his career, advocated equal education for women, and spoke out frequently against slavery.

6. Patrick Henry • The American political leader he was the most celebrated orator of the American Revolution. • As a member of the Congress, he was an outspoken advocate of strong measures of resistance. • He called on the colonists to arm themselves, with the words:"Give me liberty, or give me death."

7. Crispus Attucks • The Boston Massacre was the culmination of civilian-military tensions that had been growing since royal troops first appeared in Massachusetts in October 1768. • British soldiers fired, killing three men outright and mortally wounding two others. As the gunsmoke cleared, Crispus Attucks & four others lay dead or dying. Six more men were wounded but survived.

8. Paul Revere • An American patriot and silversmith who became a legendary hero at the start of the American Revolution, when he rode from Charlestown to Lexington, on the night of Apr. 18, 1775, to warn the countryside of approaching British troops. • During the first years of the war, Revere served as a messenger for the Committee of Safety.

9. Haym Salomon • He was Jewish immigrant from Poland. • Living in New York and becoming acquainted with members of the Sons of Liberty, as a merchant he was able to supply goods to American forces. • Gaining great wealth through his business he was able to help finance the American cause

10. Bernardo de Galvez • Was the governor of Spanish Louisiana • He gave aid to the Americans and gave them access to the port of New Orleans and the Mississippi River. • After Spain declared war on Great Britain he raised a Spanish military force in North America and fought against British troops in the frontier lands with George Rogers Clark.

11. John Hancock • Hancock was a devoted patriot. He risked his fortune in the struggle for independence and performed valuable services for his country. He was referred to as an “essential character” of the American Revolution. • He served as President of the Continental Congress & was the first to sign the Declaration of Independence.

12. George Washington • George Washington was Commander in Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution and first President of the United States (1789-97)

13. Nathan Hale • Nathan Hale, an American soldier, whose execution by the British as a spy made him the best known hero-martyr of the American Revolution. Hale volunteered for secret & dangerous assignments during the war. • Nathan Hale was executed on Sept. 22, 1776.His last words were“I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country.”

14. Thomas Paine • The Anglo-American revolutionary writer who called for American independence in his 1776 pamphlet ”Common Sense", which was widely distributed and had a profound influence on public opinion in America. • During the course of the revolution, he dedicated his pen to proclaiming the American cause throughout Europe and to keeping spirits high at home

15. Thomas Jefferson • Thomas Jefferson wished to be remembered for these achievements in his public life. The author of the Declaration of Independence & Father of the University of Virginia • He had served as governor of Virginia, as U.S. minister to France, as secretary of state under Washington, as vice-president in the administration of Adams,& as president of the United States from 1801 to 1809.

16. John Paul Jones • John Paul Jones, American Revolutionary War naval hero, often called the “Father of the American Navy.” • Jones eventually received command of the Bonhomme Richard . Hepursued and challenged two British ships • Jones was asked if he wanted to surrender. This is when he made his memorable reply, “I have not yet begun to fight!”

17. George Rogers Clark • Clark was a military leader on the American frontier, renowned for his dramatic expedition from Kentucky into the Illinois territory during the American Revolution. • Clark led a small force across a harsh, wintry terrain & took Vincennes. • His men covered 180 miles in 18 days, often without food, and marching through icy water. This attack was the high point of Clark's career Section #2 Begins

18. Marquis de Lafayette • A French general called the hero of two worlds, was prominent in both the American Revolution and the French Revolution. • In 1777 he crossed the Atlantic to offer his services to the Continental Congress at Philadelphia. He was a friend of George Washington, who became his model, and served under him at Valley Forge and Yorktown.

19. James Armistead • James Armistead was born into slavery. • With the permission of his master he joined the Continental Army and served under the Marquis de Lafayette. • Lafayette sent Armistead to work for the British as a slave worker so he could get information about the British. • The British asked him to work among the colonists and get information for them, this made moving about very easy for him. • With the help of Lafayette and because of his service, Armistead was later granted his freedom and lived as a farmer in Virginia.

20. Mercy Otis Warren • Mercy Otis Warren was from the Massachusetts and the sister of James Otis, a member of the Sons of Liberty. • She was a Playwright.She wrote several plays, such as The Group and The Blockheadsthat portrayed the British as foolish.

21. George Cornwallis • He was a British General and colonial governor. • Although opposed to the measures that provoked the American Revolution, he accepted the command in North America. • Entrenched at Yorktown, Va. & surrounded by a superior force of French and American troops, he surrendered on Oct. 19, 1781, virtually ending the war.

22. Wentworth Cheswell • Was an African American Patriot from the colony of New Hampshire • He was a very educated man and held many important positions in his town. • He fought in the Battle of Saratoga against the British General John Burgoyne. This battle was the 1st major victory for the colonists in the American Revolution

23. Deborah Sampson • Deborah Sampson was the first known American woman to impersonate a man in order to join the army and take part in combat in the Revolutionary War. • When she was twenty-one, she enlisted in the Continental Army as a man named Robert Shurtleff • She performed her duties as well as any other man.