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Courbet’s The Burial at Ornans (c. 1850)

Courbet’s The Burial at Ornans (c. 1850). Huge scale = monumental, but not glorified. Earth tones, everyday people. S curve composition, with cross above. Unflattering pics of provincial officieals, dog and people are distracted. Honesty & simple.

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Courbet’s The Burial at Ornans (c. 1850)

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  1. Courbet’s The Burial at Ornans (c. 1850) Huge scale = monumental, but not glorified. Earth tones, everyday people. S curve composition, with cross above. Unflattering pics of provincial officieals, dog and people are distracted. Honesty & simple

  2. Millet’s The Gleaners (c. 1857)-French Realism (oil on canvas, Louvre) • Barbizon school of French painting • Poorest of the poor, picking up scraps of grain • Figures become part of landscape • Haystacks and wagon reflect shapes of gleaners • Seen as socialist ptg

  3. Bonheur’s Plowing om the Ninverais(c. 1850) Influenced by Positivism.. Large canvas, virtues of simple country living in a sweeping panorama… noted animal painter who fought for women’s rights

  4. Soldiers killed everyone in a workers apt. complex Illustrates 3 generations murdered in surprise attack Lithograph (print) used to mass produce image French government tried to suppress French Realism- Honore Daumier Rue Transomonain, litho, 1834

  5. Daumier’s Third Class Carriage (c. 1865) Influence of William Hogarth Daumier was jailed for satirizing king political cartoon Dignity of working class, even though crammed together in mass transportation 1st piece showing dehumanizing mass transport

  6. Eakins’ Gross Clinic (c. 1875) Triangular composition with Baroque lighting Eakins worked from photograph of Dr. Gross (medical professor) Celebrates advances in medical science Eakins was noted anatomist who taught anatomy & figure drawing, pioneered letting black and female students study and draw nudes

  7. US Realism: Winslow Homer’s The Lifeline • Homer began as freelance illustrator Spent a year on N. Sea Coast of England • Sketches of an actual event

  8. Henry O. Tanner’s The Banjo Lesson, 1893, oil on canvas • American realist taught by Eakins • 1st noted black painter • Painterly brushwork, monumental forms • Dignity of exchange of values between generations; respond to ugly stereotypes of African Americans • Unsentimental yet affectionate

  9. James Whistler’s Nocturne in Black and Gold: The Falling Rocket, 1875 • Subtle harmonies of painting comparable to music • Japanese influence-Japanese signature • Atmospheric effect of fireworks, study in harmony of color, shape, light • Whistler successfully sued a critic over negative comments

  10. John Singer Sargent’s Madame X • American portrait artist much sought after in US and Europe • This portrait caused a scandal in the Paris salon of 1888 • Sargent moved to England and painted quasi impressionist • Captured personality of his subjects • Painterly brushwork, outstanding capture of clothing/fashions

  11. Social Realism in photography… Jacob Riis, Tenement Interior in Poverty Gap, an English Coal Heaver’s Home, 1889 Published study in NY called How the Other Half Lives Shows a decent family who deserves better

  12. Eiffel Tower, 1887-1889 Gustave Eiffel 19th Century more skeletal architecture.. Many buildings (remember Crystal Palace?) had skeleton holding up a exterior curtain of glass or steel. Land values soared, so buildings went UP (skyscrapers, etc.) Eiffel specialized in building railway bridges Centerpiece of 1889 Paris Universal Exposition Interlocking members of a democratic society.. Innovative elevator swings up diagonally Also helped with Statue of Liberty and Panama Canal!

  13. Marshall Field Wholesale Store, 1885, Chicago, Henry Hobson Richardson • Influence of Medici palaces from Renaissance • Heavy Romanesque arches • Iron columns for interior supports (Skeletal construction) • Interior arranged around a central court • Feminine departemnt store + masculine warehouse look • Few historical illusions • Chicago School of architecture formed after Great Fire

  14. Wainwright Building, 1890 • Louis Sullivan, Chicago School • Otis invented elevator, which allowed high buildings • Prototype of modern office building • Accent on horizontal thrust • Extreior: decorative terra cotta tiles • Same architect built Guaranty Building in NY, and Carson Pirie Scott in Chicago… • “Form follows function” was his motto, now very fmaous in architecture

  15. Luncheon on the Grass, Edouard Manet… 7’ x 8’8”, oil on canvas • Napoleon III authorized Exhibition of refused artists from the Salon, such as Manet and Monet • Manet’s Le Dejeuner sur l’herbe was found scandalous… modern version of the Pastoral Concert by Titian(or Giorgione?) • Figures are not modelled.. Very flat, not relating with each other.

  16. Olympia, Manet, 1863, oil on canvas, 4’3” x 6’2” (Louvre)… courtesan stares out at us, not modeled figure. Play by Alexandre Dumas (les Miserables, 3 Musketeers) about social climbing prostitute with same name…Olympia confronts the viewer, she is powerful.. NOT an accommodating female nude .. Manet began to gather with other rejects (refuses) in Montmartre…

  17. Bar at the Folies-Bergere, Manet, oil on canvas, 1882 Barmaid stares out at us What is the mirror reflecting? Trapeze in upper far left corner Composition pushes goods for sale up to the counter Modern sales technique of products next to a pretty sales girl More impressionistic than Manet’s early works

  18. MONET, Claude Impression, Sunrise (1873) Oil on canvas, 19 x 24 3/8" Musee Marmottan, Paris.

  19. Monet’s Rouen Cathedral in sun, 1894, oil on canvas, 40” x 26” (and in sunset…)

  20. Monet’s Water Lilies (c. 1900) Monet did a series of large canvases on water lilies. He frequently painted his house at Giverny with the gardens and Japanese bridge. His friend Renoir painted him, painting in his garden.

  21. RENOIR. The Luncheon of the Boating Party(1881) Oil on canvas, 51 x 68 in. Phillips Collection, Washington, D.C.

  22. Renoir’s Moulin de la Galette, oil on canvas, 4 ft x 6’ approximately Dappling effect of fleeting light People not posed, enjoying meals and dancing Photographic randomness of clipped figures

  23. Rehearsal on Stage, Degas, 1874, pastel drawing Rehearsal on Stage, Edgar Degas, Pastel drawing Worked mostly indoors (not plein aire0 Asymetrical compositions Feathery brushstrokes showing the dancers’ costumes Japanese print influence in composition

  24. Maternal Caress, woodblock print, Mary Cassatt was influenced by Japanese prints tilted style, outlining, pattern, and treatment of space. She did a series of woodblock prints inspired by ukiyo-e.

  25. Summer’s Day, Berthe Morisot, oil on canvas, 1879 Sister in law of Manet and grandaughter of Fragonard Sketchy, painterly brushwork Middle class women Asymettrical composition Another female Impressionist

  26. SEURAT, Georges. A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of la Grande Jatte(1884-86) Oil on canvas, 6’10” x 10’1 1/4” Art Institute of Chicago. Statuesque figures not interacting… anonymity of modern society? Scientific analysis of color relationshiops (pointilism)

  27. Mont Sainte-Victoire, Cezanne, 1887 Part of a series from mature period Wanted to make objects geometric constructions with splashes of pure color Solid and firmly constructed, not dappled momentary glimpse like the Impressionists did (Post Impressionism) Look at apace, but not enter Used perspective by juxtaposing warm colors and receding cool colors

  28. Still Life with Basket of Apples, Cezanne, 1894 Tilted perspective Contrast of solid forms with flat surfaces Painterly brushstrokes

  29. Starry Night, Vincent Van Gogh, 28” x 36”, 1889 Thick short brushstrokes, impasto paint View from hospital room in St-Remy At one with forces of nature Left to right wave impulse in his work, tree looks like green flames reaching to the sky exploding with stars

  30. Manaha No Atua, (Day of the God), Paul Gauguin, oil on canvas. Symbolism (post impressionism), 1894. Gauguin traveled to Tahiti in search of paradise Painted native peoples in geomatric bright colors Exotic primitivism Symbolic, mysterios Color to express emotion

  31. Jane Avril, Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, lithograph 1893, Art Nouveau style Noted graphic designer (not called that then.. Poster designer) Physically handicapped, short man Influence of Degas Influence of Japanese prints ukiyo-e Emphasis on curving lines, text integrated with the forms in the picture… Toulouse-Lautrec frequented the Moulin Rouge (check out the movie with Nicole Kidman!)

  32. Burghers of Calais, Auguste Rodin, bronze, 1889 Six burghers offer their lives to English king in return for saving their besieged city during Hundred Years war Parallels between Paris in 1870 war and war in 1347 Each figure has different emotion Sculpted individually, shown worn and hungry Central figure is ready for his execution

  33. The Kiss, Gustav Klimt, 1907 Art Nouveau (art deco) style Golden painting Part of the Viennese secession movement Decorative patterns, gold more important than realistic modeling of forms Lovers are close to the edge of a cliff Art Deco style

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