Bio fertilizers for sustainable soil health and crop productivity

1. Bio fertilizers for sustainable soil health and crop productivity Presented to : Dr. SaadiaAndaleeb Presented by : Miriam Kathleen Gomez RabiaShakeel

2. Bio fertilizers for sustainable soil health Miriam Kathleen Gomez

3. Biofertilizer • refer to all such microorganism which add, fix, mobilize or solubilize the nutrient in simpler form which is easily use by plants. • aka Microbial/Bacterial or Fungal inoculants.              • Working : Microbial innoculants/biofertilizer on their application multiplies in rhizosphere soil and benefits the growing crops.

4. General methodology for obtaining and using biofertilizer. Isolation and characterization of strain Production of certified organism Production of commercial innoculant Innoculation Combined innoculation Single innoculation Field application

5. What is Soil Health? • the ability of the soil to achieve its full potential and be productive under the intended land use. • The three characteristics of soil health are: • Physical soil health • Chemical soil health • Biological soil health • Why is it important? • ‘fit for purpose’. • allows for abundant, healthy root growth and good crop establishment. • Crops grown on healthy soils have less disease

6. Why use biofertilizers??? Repeated use of chemical fertilizers destroys soil biota. In nature, there are a number of useful soil microorganisms that can help plants to absorb nutrients. utility can be enhanced with human intervention by selecting efficient organisms, culturing them and adding them to soils directly or through seeds

7. Biofertilizer and Soil health enrich air aeration, water and nutrients retention capacity and reduce acidity. minimize leaching due to rainfall microbial culture fix atmospheric nitrogen solublize unavailable Phosphate and sulphur contain a wide range of naturally chelated plant nutrients and trace elements, carbohydrates, amino acids and other growth promoting substances Stimulate microbial activity in the soil which results in improved air-water relationships in soil, improved fertility and makes soil less prone to compaction and erosion hardpans problems in soil due to excessive application of agrochemicals is overcome

8. Bio fertilizers for increased crop productivity RabiaShakeel

9. Biofertilizers and increased crop productivity. Agricultural land gets impoverished after long term cultivation, if not supplemented properly with inputs. To supplement the soil nutrient content under conventional farming system, we need to apply high doses of agrochemicals, which in turn pollute the ecosystem. Sustainable agriculture aims at long term maintenance of natural resources and agricultural productivity with minimal adverse impact on the environment.

10. Biofertilizers Application of biofertilizers provides the implementation of biological mechanisms of plant nutrition, growth promotion and protection. These are important arguments for the use of biofertilizers as prospective elements for nutrient management in organic agriculture. Low cost and safety for the environment make fertilizers advantageous as an alternative to mineral fertilizers.

11. Types of biofertilizers Biofertilizers can be of the following types: ·Organic fertilizers ·Micorrhizae · Phosphate solubilizing bacteria · Algae biofertilizers · Asymbiotic free nitrogen fixers · Symbiotic Nitrogen fixers

12. Rhizobium-most common biofertilizer. N2 Symbiotic association with legumes and non legumes The nodules filled with pink sap are called the effective nodules. rhizobia stimulatory root exudates and form nodules maintain the rhythm of oxygen supply to the bacteria and helps the activity of nitrogenase enzyme. Neither the plant nor the bacteria can fix nitrogen when live separately The nitrogenase is responsible for reduction of nitrogen to ammonia in the process of nitrogen fixation. The amount of atmospheric nitrogen fixed varies with the strains of rhizobium, plant species and environmental factors.

13. Advantages of using biofertilizers While chemical fertilizers are used to increase crop productivity, long-term usage could lead to weakening the roots of plants and making them easy prey to unwanted diseases. Biofertilizers, on the other hand, help the soil to remain fertile and strong. Biofertilizers enhance the nutrient availability to crop thereby enhancing crop yields in a moderate way. It is a natural method without any problems like salinity and alkalinity, soil erosion etc.. Symbiotically relate to the roots of plants, helping the plant to grow and nurture in a natural way. No hazardous effluents are generated from a biofertilizer unit. Biological wastes are suitably used to bring out what we know as biofertilizers.