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Best Practice Protocols For Response And Recovery Operations In Contaminated Water Systems

Best Practice Protocols For Response And Recovery Operations In Contaminated Water Systems.

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Best Practice Protocols For Response And Recovery Operations In Contaminated Water Systems

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  1. Best Practice Protocols For Response And Recovery Operations In Contaminated Water Systems Center for Water Resource StudiesWestern Kentucky UniversityKentucky Water Resources Research InstituteUniversity of KentuckyCenter for Infrastructure ResearchUniversity of LouisvilleWater Resources Research CenterUniversity of MissouriKYPipe LLC

  2. Problem Statement Decision-Support Tool to Guide Response and Recovery Operations DHS -2008-002-Water: “Decontamination Research” • Pre-event–post-event planning robustness • Decontamination options • Flush–no-flush? • Response command structure • Regulatory stakeholders, local government, law enforcement, environmental concerns, etc. • Factors affecting approach selection • NIMS and ICS compatibility

  3. Project Focus Multi-scale • Local and Regional • Resiliency data • Decision support • National • Extrapolated impact and exposure • Policy support Multi-faceted • Fact sheets • Scale relevance • Expert system • Rules-based • Graphical Decision Support Systems (DSS) • Distribution system • Training materials • Web-delivered

  4. Project Organization Principle Investigator Andrew Ernest WKU/CWRS Project Coordinator Jana Fattic WKU/CWRS Hydraulic Systems Lindell Ormsbee UK/KWRRI Background Research Thomas Clevenger Uof M/WRRC Stakeholder Engagement Thomas Rockaway Uof L/CIR Utility Operations Robert Reed Uof M/WRRC

  5. Project Components Decision support tool Background research Stakeholder engagement Decontamination Network Model (DNM) Rules-Based Decision Support Tool (RBDST) Training Education Guidance

  6. Literature Search Government Websites Research Databases • Environmental Protection Agency • Department of Homeland Security • Critical Infrastructure Partnership Advisory Council • National Incident Management System • National Infrastructure Protection Plan • Government Accountability Office • National Institute of Standards and Technology • National Academy of Sciences • National Research Council • Academic Search Premier • Compendex • Scopus • Technology Research Database • Water Research Abstracts

  7. Summary of Literature Searches Databases: ASP = Advanced Search Premier (EBSCO) ASCE = American Society of Civil Engineers Comp = Compendex (Engineering Village) TRD = Technology Resources Database (Illumina) WRA = Water Research Abstract (Illumina)

  8. Removal of micro-biologicals Examples of Decontamination Methods Removal of Organics • Polyelectrolytes • Coagul/MIEX/nanofilt • Ozone oxid • UV254 • Biodiatomic reactor • Adv oxid • UV+perox • Sonochem+fent • UV only • Slow release oxid • Activcarb/GAC • Nanopatics • Nanofiltr/RO • Nanofibers • Polymers Removal of arsenic/heavy metals Convent.oxid POU filters Nanofiltr Prevosmos Polym-ligand Electrodial Phytofiltr Hydrotalcite Lignocell Iron oxide-sand Electrocoag Nanomaters Sod carbonate Nano/RO Adsorbents Magnetite polym • Adv coagul • POU filters • Ceram filters • Membr gen • Chlorin/chloram • Uvperoxide • TiO2+sunlight • Biogen silver • Act carb/GAC • Adsorb/filt • Low press member • UV only • Nano materials

  9. Knowledge Engineering • Ontology • Model • Language • Taxonomy • Tree • Hierarchy • Semantics • Definition • Meaning

  10. DECON Knowledge Ontology Issues (CIPAC 2004) • Large volumes • Practical solutions • Treatment works • Decision-making frameworks • Distribution and collection systems • Outreach and training • Utility communications • Cleanup levels • Treatment procedures • Agent fate and transport • Roles and responsibilities • Waivers or suspensions • Resources and assets • Laboratory analysis • Operator health and safety • Overarching Remedy Evaluation Criteria (EPA Module 6 2007) • Overall protection of human health and environment • Compliance with regulations • Long-term effectiveness and permanence • Reduction in toxicity and mobility • Generation of residuals • Short-term effectiveness • Implementability • Relative cost • State, support agency, and community acceptance WRF Project #2981 ? EPA Report (Pending) ?

  11. DECON Semantic Knowledge Development Stakeholders Engagement DHS, Utilities, Trade Assoc., Bio/Chemical specialists, USEPA, CDC, DHHS, State health departments, End users, NIMS, ICS, etc

  12. Stakeholder Engagement • Tabletop exercise • Working with local utilities to develop a list of ”what if scenarios" a utility may encounter during the decontamination process • Establishing typical decontamination protocol, from both the water quality and distribution perspectives • The research team has begun gathering material for the table top exercise (TTX) • The UofL research team is attending a workshop “Tabletop Exercise Tool for Water Systems: Emergency Preparedness, Response, and Climate“ - November 9th, 2010 • Peer review • Began compiling a list of possible independent technical reviewers for the state-of-the-art decontamination report

  13. Semantic Knowledge -> Decision Support Tool disposal? notify? flush? isolate? when? what else? where? health impacts? environmental? volume?

  14. Preliminary NDM Needs Assessment • Commercially available Water Distribution analysis software (products with major market share) • KYPIPE – developed at the University of Kentucky in 1970s - (primary focus on small to medium sized systems – all software is fully supported by original developers and engineering staff) • H2ONET – developed by MWHSoft - (primary focus on large systems and supporting engineering services) • Water CAD – developed by Haestad Methods - (Bentley Software) • EPANET2 – developed by Environmental Protection Agency - (limited technical support) • Professional contacts • KYPIPE: Dr. Don J. Wood • H2ONET: Dr. Paul Boulos • Water CAD: Dr. Tom Walski • EPANET2: Dr. Lewis Rossman • TEVA: Dr. Jim Uber • Existing technology • 2008 BOSC review panel of the EPA Homeland Security Program

  15. Network Decontamination Model • Use readily available network data from the Kentucky Infrastructure Authority website to build network models of selected systems. • Provide interface for automation of the process and functionality to allow for the input of other critical data (e.g. valve locations, hydrants, etc.). Network Decontamination Model (NDM) GIS Datasets

  16. KIA-WRIS Geospatial Data • Download KY Water GIS coverages • Go to http://kia.ky.gov • Click on the WRIS tab • Select geospatial data from the menu • Download water layers • Extract the .zip files

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  18. If the system needs to be isolated, using what valve(s)? • If the system should be flushed, using what hydrant(s)? • What will be the final disposition of the flushed water? Where will the water flow? • What is the associated volume of water that will be isolated? • If the system should be flushed, can the “upstream” part of the system be used or does the system need to be isolated and flushing water pumped through a hydrant? If so, which hydrant?

  19. Export to KYPIPE R • What additional system components (e.g. pumps, tanks) need to be changed in support of system flushing or isolation? • How can water be provided to those denied service due to the isolation? • What is the operational impact associated with the rest of the system? • What operational steps need to be taken to maintain normal conditions until decontamination is complete? Network Decontamination Model (NDM) KYPIPE

  20. Information (facts) Inference engine User Knowledge base User’s documents Decision Knowledge Acquisition System Human experts AI data mining Rules-Based Decision Support Tool • Who should be notified? How? When? • What are the potential health impacts? Immediate? Short-term? • What are the environmental concerns? • When should decontamination be implemented? • What decontamination strategy should be taken? • What post event information needs to be provided to decision makers, utility customers, and the general public?

  21. Heuristic Process Validation with Mechanistic Model Note: Project funded by the Kentucky Science and Technology Corporation (KSTC) - Commercialization Fund

  22. Sensor Placement Rules • Accessibility engine design • Locates pipes with diameter greater than or equal to 8 inches • Locates minor pipes that are attached • Calculates reduction fraction (minor pipe flow/major pipe flow) • Selects pipes with a high reduction fraction Public Health concern engine design • Selects pipes with diameters greater or equal to 8 inches • Selects where chlorine residual concentration is below 0.2mg/L • Takes the sum of the pipes lengths and divide by 2 to create impact zone radius • Calculates demand of meters within each impact zone • Selects fittings with high impact • Centrality engine design • Selects fittings with more than 3 connections • Takes the sum of the pipes lengths and divide by 2 to create impact zone radius • Calculate meters within each impact zone • Selects fittings with high impact

  23. EPANET Mechanistic Response

  24. Spatial RBDSS Execution GIS “Facts” Factbase “Rules” OO jDrew Results Rulebase GIS Results

  25. Develop Training Materials Water systemsecurity • Software • Training notebooks • Quick cards • Tutorial videos • Virtual environments • Simulators • AI-driven training • Academic curricula Economic resilience Distribution system decontamination Operational hydraulics

  26. Technology Deployment Workshop Demonstration Implementation Feedback Feedback Revisions Revisions

  27. Commercialization Rules-Based Decision Support Tool – (RBDST) Network Decontamination Model – (NDM) Open Environment, PLLC • Professional Limited Liability Company • Roots - established 2009 • Center for Water Resource Studies (CWRS) • Water resources capacity development • Ernest and Sons • Holistic solutions for developing regions • Members • CWRS Leadership Team KYPIPE LLC • www.kypipe.com • Historically dominant pipe network analysis technology provider • Current project commercialization partner • Business model - traditional licensing • Commercialization - product-based deliverables

  28. Pending Tasks • Prototype • Web-service deployment • WDNDDSS integration • Rules base • Decon “state of the art” • Process rules and geospatial fact conformance • Codification and validation • Training • Materials development • Deployment and validation • Commercialization • Market assessment • Product specification • Licensing and deployment

  29. Project Status - Summary Decision Support Tool Background Research Stakeholder Engagement Decontamination Network Model Rules-Based Decision Support Tool Training Education Guidance

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