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Types of Chemical Reactions

Types of Chemical Reactions. Synthesis. In a synthesis reaction smaller less complicated reactants bond to form larger more complicated products. Two amino acids joining to form a dipeptide  protein. Decomposition Reaction.

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Types of Chemical Reactions

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  1. Types of Chemical Reactions

  2. Synthesis In a synthesis reaction smaller less complicated reactants bond to form larger more complicated products.

  3. Two amino acids joining to form a dipeptide protein

  4. Decomposition Reaction • In a decomposition reaction larger more complicated reactants breakdown into smaller less complicated products

  5. CuCO3 + EH  CuO + CO2 HgO(s) +EH Hg(l) + O2(g)

  6. Single Displacement • In a single displacement reaction one element replaces another in a reactant. • For example Cu is more reactive than Ag and so will displace it. • Cu(s) + 2 AgNO3(aq)  Cu(NO3)2 + Ag(s)

  7. Single displacement Reactions

  8. Double Displacement Reactions • In a double displacement reactions the molecules of the compounds involved switch.

  9. This is very common in ionic compounds. The cations (metals) switch places

  10. Homework • Page 239 • # 1, 2, 3, 4 • Page 243 • # 2, 3, 5, 7, 8

  11. Combustion • Combustion is a reaction where a "fuel" reacts with oxygen • The products are usually an oxide and energy. • Hydrocarbons are compounds made of Hydrogen and Carbon • i.e. CH4 (methane) C2H6 (ethane) ……… • The complete combustion of hydrocarbons always results in CO2 and H2O CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O + EH

  12. The Sunrise Propane Explosion

  13. Incomplete combustion • If there is not enough oxygen then not all of the fuel will combust. • This leaves products other than CO2 and H2O Hydrocarbon + O2 CO2 + H2O + CO + C

  14. Incomplete Combustion and the Car Engine N2 from the air can react with uncombusted hydrocarbons To for a variety of pernicious chemicals, called PANs ( peroxyacetyl nitrates. (smog) Photochemical smog : The chemical soup of pans reacts in the presence of sunlight to make a variety of dangerous compounds.

  15. Burning Metals • Fe + O2 FeO + energy 2Mg + O2 2MgO + energy

  16. Burning Nonmetals S + O2 SO2 SO2 + O2  SO4 SO4 + H2O  H2SO4 (sulphuric acid => Acid Percipitation Sulphur is an impurity found in poor quality coal burned to make electricity. It is a by product of the combustion of carbon • Sulphur

  17. Corrosion • Corrosion is the disintegration of a metal due to exposure to its environment • Usually oxygen • Iron corrodes (rusts) Iron (III) + oxygen  Iron (II) oxide which is a reddish flaky material. This flakes off exposing more iron to oxygen. The iron will eventually disappear. • Beneficial Corrosion: 2Zn + O2  2ZnO This is a very hard impenetrable coating. Once oxidized oxidation stops. ZnO makes a barrier to O2 . ZnO can be applied to Fe. This makes a barrier that prevents the Fe from rusting (galvanized iron) • Copper (II) oxidizes to form Copper (II) oxide. This is a green impenetrable coating (i.e. The green roof of the parliament buildings in Ottawa)

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