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2 Million Years of Style

2 Million Years of Style. Australopithecus Afarensis. Upright walking leaves hands free to manipulate. Prehensile hands (& feet). Paleolithic & Neolithic Stone Tools. Oldowan -approx 2MYA. Mousterian -from 200KYA. Acheulean -approx 1.5MYA. Neolithic “Laurel Leaf”.

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2 Million Years of Style

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  1. 2 Million Years of Style

  2. Australopithecus Afarensis

  3. Upright walkingleaves hands free to manipulate.

  4. Prehensile hands (& feet)

  5. Paleolithic & Neolithic Stone Tools Oldowan -approx 2MYA Mousterian -from 200KYA Acheulean -approx 1.5MYA Neolithic “Laurel Leaf”

  6. Control of fire improved safety, cooking & health, and enhanced social bonding.

  7. Aesthetic awareness of both abstract and figurative forms Decorative shell beads made by Homo Sapiens about 100,000 Y.A. Face made from stone and bone by Neanderthal about 32,000 Y.A.

  8. Self and environmental awareness. Hand of Man, El Castillo, Spain about 20,000 Y.A. Bison rock drawing from Altamera, Spain about 20,000 Y.A.

  9. Agriculture and farming was first used in the fertile crescent of present day Turkey and the Levant.

  10. The oldest known town was Catal Huyuk, built close to a source of obsidian, a natural glass that was used for toolmaking and trading. Catal Huyuk from 8 KYA? Houses were entered through the roof for protection. Mother Goddess

  11. The invention of the plow pulled by oxen (or horse power) allowed for a huge increase in harvests. Modern plow Egyptian plow

  12. The Iceman, found in the European Alps, from about 2,500 B.C. had tools that were both Stone Age & Copper Age Stone dagger & grass sheath Copper head bound to branch, axe Retoucheur

  13. The invention of the wheel brought about 5,000 years of style change. Primitive tripart wheel Modern magnesium alloy wheel

  14. Pictograms lead to hieroglyphics, writing and the first font styles.

  15. By 2000BC there were city based civilizations in Egypt, the Middle East, India and China. Egypt & Sumeria Indus Valley Shang China Temple at Sumer Shang bronze weapons

  16. The rise of cities brought about specialization, trades, craftsmen, hierarchal culture and increased leisure time. Egyptians at leisure Minoan Goddess Assyrian wounded lion

  17. Siddhartha Gautama Buddha (563-483 BC) & Confucius (551-479 BC) founded two of the world’s great religions, while in Central America the Olmec civilization was producing religious artworks. Huge Buddha statue from Shive Dagon paoda, Burma Olmec greenstone mask From about 300 BC.

  18. The Ch’ín dynasty in China started building the Great Wall. For 2200 years the Xi'an terracotta warriors silently guarded the tomb of Qin Shihuang, first Emperor of China.

  19. Alexander the Great conquered the Eastern Mediterranean, Egypt, Persia, Afghanistan, Pakistan and Western India.

  20. Alexander founded and built the City in Egypt that bears his name- Alexandria, with it’s famous lighthouse and the library that was the center of much of the world’s intellectual knowledge. Sculptured relief of Alexander. The Lighthouse at Pharos. Coin of Alexander. The main hall of the great Library held perhaps half a Million scrolls.

  21. The Roman state started as a small group of tribes on the Tiber and grew to become an empire that still influences style in the modern world. Legend has it that Rome was founded by Romulus one of twins that were suckled by a she-wolf. Republican Rome practiced democratic principals first practiced by the Athenians. Painted by Rafael during the Renaissance.

  22. The Roman Empire encompassed the Mediterranean and strongly influenced all the cultures it controlled. The Roman Empire By 150 A.D. Well engineered roads meant military control and increased commerce. Roman glass Examples of classical architectural style can still be seen today. Roman engineers first used the arch.

  23. Amy Wildermouth

  24. Tommy Hsieh

  25. Stephen Myers

  26. Bibliography • In the Shadow of Man: Jane Goodall/Hugo Van Lawick, 1988 George Weidenfield & Nicholson Ltd. • The Ascent of Man: J. Bronowski, 1973 Little Brown & co. • Origins: Richard Leakey, 1977 MacDonald & Janes Publishers Ltd. • Origins Reconsidered: Richard Leakey/ Roger Lewin, 1992 Doubleday. • http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/cavemen/factfiles/australopithecus_afarensis.html?img2 • New Scientist: Douglas Palmer- Neanderthal art alters the face of archaeology, 6 Dec. 2003 • The Man in the Ice: Konrad Spindler, 1994 Weidenfield & Nicholson. • http://www.geocities.com/elchasqui_2/ZSitchin24phot.html • http://alpha.montclair.edu/~lebelp/Millennium.html • http://jbohrn.augustpoetry.org/2002/ • http://www.anarheologija.org/veliki/catal/catal-03.jpg • http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/cattle.htm • http://oregonstate.edu/dept/kes/plow.gif • The Times Concise Atlas of World History: Ed.by Geoffrey Barraclough, 1982 Angus & Robertson. • http://www.audaces.weblogger.terra.com.br/200408_audaces_arquivo.htm • http://www.annaswebart.com/culture/costhistory/minoan/ • http://www.stonefoundation.org/gallery/assyrian.html • http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/shepherd/macedonian_empire_336_323.jpg • http://www.users.bigpond.com/MSN/gary_fletcher/seven.html • http://www.unf.edu/classes/freshmancore/core1images/Capwolf1.jpg • http://www.scanglas.se/www/img/750.jpg • http://www.streetworks.fsnet.co.uk/roman/romanroad2.jpg • http://www.classicist.org/images/mars.gif • http://homepages.paradise.net.nz/smithala/pix/china/images/19BurArmy_JPG.jpg • The DK History of the World- Ed. By Gillian Denton, 1994 DK Publishing Inc.

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