Global Innovation and HP Labs

1. Global Innovation and HP Labs G. H. Raisoni College of Engineering Nagpur DR. SUDHIR DIXIT Fellow, IEEE, IET, IETE Director Hewlett-Packard India Laboratory Bangalore, India June 11, 2011

2. Outline • What is Innovation? • Innovation Eco-system in HP • HP labs • Summary and Conclusion

3. What is Global Innovation? Definitions from Wikipedia • Innovation is a change in the thought process for doing something or "new stuff that is made useful". It may refer to an incremental, emergent or radical and revolutionary changes in thinking, products, processes, or organizations. • Invention is the embodiment of something new. While both invention and innovation have "uniqueness" implications, innovation also carries an undertone of profitability and market performance expectation. • Entrepreneurship is the act of being an entrepreneur, which is a French word meaning "one who undertakes innovations, finance and business acumen in an effort to transform innovations into economic goods". When above are happening at the global level without regard to geographies in one (or several) organization(s) => Global “…”

4. Innovation Lifecycle *Courtsey Wikipedia Many companies never make it beyond this Phase. Building Blocks of Innovation Industry knowledge -> Initiative -> Execution -> Teamwork -> -> Milestones -> Dissemination -> Reward

5. Technology, mobility, globalization and knowledge are shaping our world • Information society evolution, digital convergence (content + info management+ broadband), knowledge intensity • The possibilities for bringing knowledge in use increasing • A culture of global interaction • Competitiveness increasingly based on knowledge • Research and innovation brings thought leadership and builds future knowledge

6. ? Science/Academia Industry The Science-Industry Barrier • Moving between the two sides important and beneficial for all parties • Few manage to make the leap - depends on the individual • Environment may support or suppress - bureaucracy, atmosphere, risk, patience, headcount, salary policies etc.

7. Research for profit - a non-linear process • Many simultaneous projects lead to multilayered concurrent research • Not a linear process • The old chain: research -> product development -> marketing is outdated • Strategies, implementation, renewal all proceed simultaneously • Simultaneous research of new technologies and customer behavior

8. GSM/mobile telephone WWW/Internet TV Radio 515years35 Pace of technology adoption is fast: time taken to reach 50 Million mobile users& so is obsolescence!

9. A Fruitful Mutual Relationship Basic Research (U+i) Problems & Solutions Applied Science/Engg (U+I)

10. Openness, Co-operation and Partnerships Essential • Universities • Business units • Conferences • Partnerships • Social involvement • Competitors • Standardization • Consortia • De facto standards • Open innovation through testbeds

11. More from Indian Perspectives (1/2) Level playing field – everyone has access to same information (thanks to Internet and web) India a great living lab with diversity of cultures, ideas, freedom of expression, freedom to pursue one’s passion and dream Necessity and adversity nurtures innovation Still possible to accomplish goals economically, quickly, and generate profit: huge pent-up demand for everything! Challenge in being able to scale at a national level (to such vast population) Competition catches up fast – how to stay ahead! Success requires idea(s), initiative, execution, persistence, ability to reinvent

12. More from Indian Perspectives (2/2) Strengths: Oldest culture (and traditions) arrived from centuries of experience and experimentation Highly focused and competitive believing in free market Knowledge of English a huge advantage in globalized economy Availability of top talent and people to serve all types of needs

13. Challenges are creating huge opportunities Infrastructure the way it is – innovation is the way forward! Networking and computing Bio-technology Business and management Processes –learning from one and applying to others Cross-domain innovation => to drive future innovation! Major opportunities in healthcare, finance (mobile banking), agriculture, transportation, durables, environmental/sustainability, public utilities (power, water, sanitation), etc. Later, a case study on the adoption of ICT by the common man--

14. Project Family Lifecycle Short-Term (1 - 2 years, 25%) (Tactical) Long-Term (>5 years, 25%) (Exploratory) Medium-Term (2 – 4 years, 50%) (Strategic) TR ER SR New Refocus & Realign Refocus & Realign Success! Product Line Transfer New Transfer Transfer Stop Transfer Transfer Stop • Projects are refocused every year to align with the corporate and Advanced Technology strategy and roadmap, and market/technology directions!

15. About HP Labs (Global)

16. HP Labs Around The World BRISTOL ST. PETERSBURG PALO ALTO BEIJING BANGALORE SINGAPORE HP LABS INDIA Mission: Innovations for The Next Billion Customers HAIFA Global talent, local innovation 16 16 22 February 2010 HP Confidential HP Confidential

17. HP Labs Goals for High-Impact Research Commercializing innovation Technology transfers, incubations, IP licensing Richer relationships with HP Engaging customers and partners Advancing the state-of-the-art Publications and intellectual property Raising the profile of HP Labs Connecting Labs’ innovation to the HP brand

18. HP Labs goals Accomplishments, Q1/Q2…. BUSINESS IMPACT THOUGHT LEADERSHIP ADVANCE STATE OF THE ART PARTNER /CUSTOMER COLLABORATION

19. Delivering value to hp • Deliverbreakthrough technologies & technology advancements • Createnew business opportunities • Investin fundamental science and technology • Engagewith customers and partners

20. High Impact Research Areas & FY’11 Research Portfolio (The next technology challenges and opportunities: 24“Big Bets”) Digital Commercial Print Intelligent Infrastructure Printing Processes for Digital Commercial Print Commercial Print Automation Next Generation Datacenters Networking Next Generation Storage Non-volatile Storage CeNSE Content Transformation Next Generation Displays Automating Publishing Document Lifecycle Sustainability Sustainable Data Center Cloud Immersive Interaction Enterprise Cloud Software Platform (Cirious) Social Computing + Cloud services incubations & OpenCirrus Testbed Rich User Experiences Seamless Collaboration 3D Analytics Information Management Automating Security Analytics for Operations Analytics for Personalization Services Big Bet Information Management Operational Business Intelligence IT Service Management

21. Question:What are barrier’s to adoption of ICT by consumers and small and medium business users (SMBs/SMEs)?

22. Indian ICT at a Glance • Computers: 60 mn (including enterprise PCs) • growing at ~6 mn/year • Internet users: 100 mn (about 27% from work • and 37% from cyber-cafes) • growing at ~10 mn/year • Mobile subscriptions: ~810 mn • (from 5m in 2001) • growing at ~180 mn/year • Availability of 3G and LTE/WiMAX • expected to drive and improve internet experiences Number of cell phone users in emerging markets likely to be an order of magnitude higher than PC users for a long time to come Sources : Boston Consulting Group, TRAI

23. Lack of clear value proposition (TV : Entertainment :: Mobile : communication :: PC: ?) Relevant services and applications Complexity of interaction Unfamiliar metaphors & interaction modalities (keyboard + mouse) Other Relevant Factors Paper still used for most transactions Unique cultural and usage requirements Lack of content in local languages Barriers to PC/IT adoption (also impacting IPG product adoption) Durable ownership by % of Indian households (2008-09). Adapted from “Guide to Indian Markets, Hansa Research and Media” Strong value proposition is the key driver for adoption. PC and the internet are yet to prove their value and find acceptance with these consumers. The solution is not low cost but high value, e.g., cell phones, TV, 2 wheelers.

24. Interaction – then, now and in the future 24 10 September 2014

25. Can we make web consumption as simple as this ? (400 TV channels, 2000 daily newspapers and 7000 magazines) • Make web consumption as simple as above!!

26. Motivation “Leverage high ownership of and familiarity with mobile phones, TV and paper to create new immersive experiences and compelling value propositions”

27. Simplifying physical interaction

28. GESTURAL AND MULTIMODAL INTERFACES Human to human communication: high bandwidth, richly non-verbal and multimodal … …. unlike human to computer communication.

29. GesturAL INTERACTION FROM A DISTANCE Depth camera for distance interaction Action Bubble Hand pose recognition

30. SimpliFYING WEB Access for all

31. TaskLetsTask-based personal web interaction patterns …. The Internet …. msn.com HSBC Transcoding cnn.com …. TaskLets YouTube weather.com …. Translation End-User Created App Store Simple, Consistent, Intuitive User Experience Voice SMS USSD Mobile Widgets Deskbound devices

32. Leveraging the familiarity and ubiquity of paper AND Mobile

33. ..We believe paper can act as a fast on-ramp to IT adoption Paper: familiar, ubiquitous, inexpensive, always-on, … Solutions and devices to enable seamless interaction between paper and the Digital World Can we achieve richer interaction with normal paper given the increased ubiquity and sophistication of capture devices and the associated precision and accuracy of underlying document image processing technology? Paper is irreplaceble!! AiO WCPs (especially those with detachable displays) can potentially become the center of the home

34. Menu PNR Status Journey Date Check In Cancel Login Paper Based Interaction Goal: Making paper a first-class modality for interaction across millions of mobiles, scanners and printers Illustrative Research Problems : • Authoring an interaction based on one sample of a document. • Can one author a new experience for a new document type? • Achieving robust document identification even with noisy camera captured images. • Can one deal with lossy and noisy camera captured images and still achieve reliable document identification? • Reducing latency in the context of cloud based imaging. • Can we achieve these and other image processing operations in an efficient manner to provide an adequate user experience? 34 HP Confidential

35. On Immersive experience? Immersion - Many definitions many interpretations… • Awareness of physical self diminished or lost with diminished or no sense of time • Total engagement (both physical and mental), maybe leading to addiction • Immersive digital environment – virtual reality – an artificial computer-created world - 5 senses perceive the digital environment as being physically real (Perception) • Interaction – after perception from senses reach a belief that the environment is real the user must be able to interact in a natural and intuitive manner • fusion of input, output, context and the environment

36. Why so much interest in immersive experience? • Advances in experience technologies a great enabler, and advent of MMI, 3D, holography • Engaged user consumes application for longer periods and generates/receives more data => more revenue to device and service provider • - Potential to increase productivity, minimize cost, and stimulate • - Natural and intuitive interaction (HCI) paradigms enable technology to reach tech-naïve users Key Challenges: • Distributed IE use cases drive the next generation networks • Mobility and wireless • - Various form factors • Collaboration and group use cases • Context and environment • Management of control • Performance

37. Questions What will future displays be like? Why are current displays the way they are?

38. Larger Wider aspect ratio and field of view More pixels/frame 10’s to 100’s of Mpixels/frame

39. Tiled-projector display Halo Improved Immersive Visual Experience

40. deposition imprint etch Plastics Could Revolutionize the Display Industry • Lower cost: roll-to-roll (R2R) manufacturing • SAIL (self-aligned imprint lithography) R2R manufacturing of displays on flexible substrates • Compatible with emerging display technologies • OLED brighter, cheaper, more efficient alternative to LCD • Not Glass • Lightweight • Robust • Conformable (flexible)

41. Video Capture 2-D array of imagers for panoramic mosaicking DocumentCam (22 imagers) • 100º x 36º @ 1.5m • 3 Hot spots about 50cm (~24pixels/cm) • 6.5 MPixels PeopleCam (18 imagers) • 110º x 30º FOV @ 2.5m • 5.5MPixels WhiteBoardCam (24 imagers) • 83º x 21º @ 5m • 7.5 MPixels • Imaging 10m x 2m wall (~6 pixels/cm)

42. Large displays bring new challenges The road to 10s to 100s Mpixels/frame Revisit compression Revisit networking Blended sources Compositing many independent sources of content New user interactions Multi-touch Multi-source Multi-person

43. What about 3D? • The world is 3D… • More realistic, more engaging • Improves communication • Makes complicated scenes easier to understand • People pay more for it • Hollywood’s “3D” = stereo, no parallax, single-stereo pair • Challenging Goal: • Continuous view 3D • No glasses • Multiple simultaneous viewers • Back to plenoptic function or light fields….

44. To Display the Light Field Conventional display Light field display Partial light field display Each pixel displays same color in all directions Does not support parallax Each pixel displays different colors in each direction Supports horizontal and vertical parallax Each pixel displays different colors horizontally Supports only horizontal parallax

45. Challenging Problem: Huge Amount of Data! Example: • Today’s displays ~106 pixels • Assume θandφresolution ~102 x 102 per pixel • Light field L(x, y, θ, φ)has ~1010 rays! • Even horizontal parallax-only has ~108light wedges Huge amount of information complicates 3D acquisition, compression, transmission, and display  Open research problems

46. Summary • Immersive interaction very computing and memory intensive • Client Vs. Cloud processing decisions driven by network latencies • Immersive Communication will be important future application • Important application trends that effect network systems: • Large displays • 3-D visual & audio information • Research challenges: • Gesture authoring, MMI fusion, multi-user control, latency and storage • Capturing and displaying high-quality future content • Compressing and delivering future visual data over our future networks • Many challenging and practically relevant problems

47. Key Questions? ·How do we as Leaders foster an environment for Innovation in the organization? A: Initiative, Trust, Open environment, Empowerment, Risk taking, Champion ·Considering today’s business environment, what do leaders need to turn ideas into value adding products and services? A: Collaboration, Co-innovation, Flexibility, Autonomy ·How can managers garner and encourage creativity that moves beyond just ‘problem solving’? A: Freedom, Risk talking, Foster collaboration ·How should leaders work to transform their organization‘s decision-making conversations from undisciplined exchanges to results-oriented encounters? A: Define and establish communication interfaces without bottlenecks ·How should managers identify their fears, face them and learn to ‘let go’? A: Be honest and realistic

48. Thank you!