East Asia

1. East Asia Mongolia, China, North Korea, South Korea, Japan, Taiwan (6)

2. East Asia Political Map Mongolia North Korea Japan CHINA South Korea Taiwan

3. Islands of Japan • Japan’s islands are called an . • Made up of 4 MAIN islands • 2,000 additional (smaller) islands are also present Archipelago

4. Pacific Rim of Fire – Violent earthquakes & volcanoes are frequent • Most islands in region are formed by volcanoes • Japan has 50 active volcanoes & has more than 1,000 earthquakes every year

8. Earthquake Severity • Richter Earthquake Magnitudes • Effects : • Less than 3.5 Generally not felt, but recorded. • 3.5-5.4 Often felt, but rarely causes damage. • Under 6.0 At most slight damage to well-designed buildings. Can cause major damage to poorly constructed buildings over small regions. • 6.1-6.9 Can be destructive in areas up to about 100 kilometers across where people live. • 7.0-7.9 Major earthquake. Can cause serious damage over larger areas. • 8 or greater Great earthquake. Can cause serious damage in areas several hundred kilometers across.

9. Tsunami – destructive sea wave created by an undersea earthquake http://science.howstuffworks.com/tsunami2.htm http://videos.howstuffworks.com/howstuffworks/230-how-tsunamis-work-video.htm

10. China’s Rivers • Yellow River also known as Huang He River • Carries tons of fine, yellowish brown topsoil known as loess • Also known as “China’s Sorrow” because of its frequent & terrible floods which have destroyed villages and towns, killing thousands of people

12. Chang Jiang – Asia’s longest river • Flows across a fertile plain & forms what is called China’s “rice bowl” where large quantities of rice & other grains are grown.

13. CLIMATE:-Typhoons • Tropical storms, like hurricanes, occurring in the Western Pacific

14. Population – China • 30% of people live in cities, the rest on farms • Over 1 billion people • Shanghai = 13.5 million • Beijing = 11.2 million (host of the 2008 summer Olympics)

15. Vocabulary Time! • On a separate sheet of paper, define the following: • Typhoon Ring of Fire • Confucianism Tsunami • Taoism UNICEF • Buddhism Sweatshop • Samurai • Shogun

16. To keep the population under control the country has adopted a “one child policy” Because of concerns about a rapidly expanding population, china in 1979 adopted a policy of one child per family. In addition, the country has age restrictions for marriage. A men must be 22 and a women 20 before they can marry. Those policies have reduced China’s birthrate dramatically. However, the government policy of one child per family has run into opposition. Rural families, in particular, feel the need for more than one child to help work on their farms. Because of these problems, the government has relaxed the one-child policy. http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2007/planet.in.peril/china.html

17. Deng Xiaoping • Chinese ruler • Instituted the “One Child Policy” • Repercussions of policy: • Forced abortions • Sterilization

18. Population – Japan • Very urbanized (3/4 of the people live in cities) • Tokyo – most populated urban area in the world with 32 million people

22. Imperial China • Confucius – Chinese philosopher • “Before you embark on a journey of revenge, dig two graves” • “Ignorance is the night of the mind, but a night without moon and stars”

23. “It does not matter how slowly you go so long as you do not stop” • “Our greatest glory is not in never falling, but in getting up every time we do” • “Respect yourself and others will respect you” • “Study the past if you would define the future” • “When anger rises, think of the consequences”

24. The Great Wall of China • More than 4,000 miles along China’s northern boarder with Mongolia, whom many conflicts occurred with.

28. Genghis Kahn: “Universal Ruler” • Most successful Mongol ruler • Led the Mongols to conquer most of Asia • Genghis’ characteristics as a ruler: • Brilliant organizer • Gifted strategist • Used cruelty as a weapon

30. The Silk Road • Trade with other countries and late Europeans for the valuable materials

31. Contacts with the West • Wanting to stay isolated, East Asian countries discouraged trade with Europeans who were wanting tea and silk • Westerners finally were allowed into the area in the mid to late 1800s

32. Europeans also found fireworks & noodles. • Both invented by the Chinese

33. Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong • Beginning of 20th Century, fighting occurs between : • Chiang Kai-shek, the Leader of the Nationalists& • Mao Zedong: Leader of the Communists • “Chairman” • Fought each other over control of China • Mao Zedong’s Communists won, creating The People’s Republic of China • Chiang Kai-shek and the Nationalists fled to Taiwan

34. Japan and WWII • Members of the Axis Powers • Joined forces with countries such as Germany and Italy • Japan is the location where the United States dropped two atomic bombs to end the war.

35. Culture of East Asia

36. Feudal Japan • Military ruler = SHOGUN • Supported by professional soldiers (Samurai)

37. Language • Based on ideograms (pictorial characters, that each carry one meaning)

38. Religion • Shintoism – traditional Japanese religion (ancestor & nature worship)

39. Religion Cont. -- Buddhism in Tibet • Tibet was an independent religious state led by the Dalai Lama • The area was taken over by communist China and the Dalai Lama is currently in exile in India from there he is traveling the world to help free Tibet

43. Calligraphy – the art of beautiful writing

44. China – finely made thin porcelain pottery

45. Japanese Kabuki theater • Dress in traditional clothing and have dramatic plays

47. Sumo Wrestling • A traditional sport in Japan, similar to American wrestling but with more rules and honor codes.

48. Haiku poetry from Japan 17 syllable poetry

49. Pagoda • Architectural style derived from Buddhist temples • Multistory buildings, with each story smaller than the one below.

50. Despite all of the traditions, many have taken on western culture b/c of the interaction between the US & Japan