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Precision Electroweak Physics and QCD at an EIC

Precision Electroweak Physics and QCD at an EIC. M.J. Ramsey-Musolf Wisconsin-Madison. NPAC. Theoretical Nuclear, Particle, Astrophysics & Cosmology. http://www.physics.wisc.edu/groups/particle-theory/. LBL, December 2008. Questions.

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Precision Electroweak Physics and QCD at an EIC

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  1. Precision Electroweak Physics and QCD at an EIC M.J. Ramsey-Musolf Wisconsin-Madison NPAC Theoretical Nuclear, Particle, Astrophysics & Cosmology http://www.physics.wisc.edu/groups/particle-theory/ LBL, December 2008

  2. Questions • What are the opportunities for probing the “new Standard Model” and novel aspects of nucleon structure with electroweak processes at an EIC? • What EIC measurements are likely to be relevant after a decade of LHC operations and after completion of the Jefferson Lab electroweak program? • How might a prospective EIC electroweak program complement or shed light on other key studies of neutrino properties and fundamental symmetries in nuclear physics?

  3. Outline • Lepton flavor violation: e-+AK  - + A • Neutral Current Processes: PV DIS & PV Moller • Charged Current Processes: e-+AK ET + j Disclaimer: some ideas worked out in detail; others need more research

  4. Lepton Number & Flavor Violation Uncovering the flavor structure of the new SM and its relationship with the origin of neutrino mass is an important task. The observation of charged lepton flavor violation would be a major discovery in its own right. • LNV & Neutrino Mass • Mechanism Problem • CLFV as a Probe • K e Conversion at EIC ?

  5. mnEFF & neutrino spectrum Theory Challenge: matrix elements+ mechanism Long baseline b-decay ? Normal Inverted ? 0nbb-Decay: LNV? Mass Term? Dirac Majorana

  6. Theory Challenge: matrix elements+ mechanism O(1) for L ~ TeV 0nbb-Decay: Mechanism Dirac Majorana Mechanism: does light nM exchange dominate ? How to calc effects reliably ? How to disentangle H & L ?

  7. 0nbb signal equivalent to degenerate hierarchy Loop contribution to mn of inverted hierarchy scale 0nbb-Decay: Interpretation

  8. Sorting out the mechanism • Models w/ Majorana masses (LNV) typically also contain CLFV interactions RPV SUSY, LRSM, GUTs (w/ LQ’s) • If the LNV process of arises from TeV scale particle exchange, one expects signatures in CLFV processes • K e Conversion at EIC could be one probe

  9. Present universe Early universe !e: M1 ? ? Bm->e R = !e: M1 !R ~  Bm->eg Weak scale Planck scale CLFV, LNV & the Scale of New Physics MEG: Bmg ~ 5 x 10-14 2e: Bm->e ~ 5 x 10-17 Also PRIME

  10. 0nbb decay RPV SUSY LRSM Low scale LFV: R ~ O(1) GUT scale LFV: R ~ O(a) Lepton Flavor & Number Violation Raidal, Santamaria; Cirigliano, Kurylov, R-M, Vogel Tree Level MEG: Bm->eg ~ 5 x 10-14 Logarithmic enhancements of R 2e: Bm->e ~ 5 x 10-17

  11. BKe48 |A2e|2 M1 operator |A2e|2 < 10-8 If |A2e|2 ~ |A1e|2 Penguin op EIC:  ~ 10-5 fb Log or tree-level enhancement: |A1e|2 / |A2e|2 ~ | ln me / 1 TeV |2 ~ 100 Need ~ 1000 fb Logarithmic enhancements of R  Lepton Flavor & Number Violation Raidal, Santamaria; Cirigliano, Kurylov, R-M, Vogel Exp: B->eg ~ 1.1 x 10-7 EIC:  ~ 103 | A1e|2 fb

  12.  CLFV & Other Probes Doubly Charged Scalars Ke( Ke( he hee + h he + h he hee he + he h + he h Exp: B->eg ~ 1.1 x 10-7 if RH; PV Moller if LH All hab$ m if part of see-saw LHC: BRs (in pair prod) EIC:  ~ 103 | A1e|2 fb

  13. eqq eff op LFV with  leptons: HERA Leptoquark Exchange: Like RPV SUSY /w / • HW Assignment: • Induce Keat one loop? • Consistent with BKe? HERA limits look stronger • Connection w/ m & in GUTS ? • Applicable to other models that generate tree-level ops? Veelken (H1, Zeus) (2007) lq|2 < 10-4 (MLQ / 100 GeV)2

  14. qq eff op lq|2 < 2 x 10-2 (MLQ / 100 GeV)2 LFV with  leptons: recent theory Kanemura et al (2005) SUSY Higgs Exchange lq|2 < 10-4 (MLQ / 100 GeV)2 HERA

  15. Neutral Current Probes: PV • Basics of PV electron scattering • Standard Model: What we know • New physics ? SUSY as illustration • Probing QCD

  16. “Weak Charge” ~ 0.1 in SM Enhanced transparency to new physics Small QCD uncertainties (Marciano & Sirlin; Erler & R-M) QCD effects (s-quarks): measured (MIT-Bates, Mainz, JLab) PV Electron Scattering Parity-Violating electron scattering

  17. Weak Charge: Nu C1u + Nd C1d Proton: QWP = 2 C1u + C1d = 1-4 sin2W ~ 0.1 Electron: QWe = C1e = -1+4 sin2W ~ - 0.1 Effective PV e-q interaction & QW Low energy effective PV eq interaction

  18. Flavor-dependent Large logs in  Sum to all orders with running sin2W & RGE sin2 Normalization Scale-dependent effective weak mixing Constrained by Z-pole precision observables Flavor-independent QW and Radiative Corrections Tree Level Radiative Corrections

  19. JLab Future SLAC Moller Z0 pole tension Parity-violating electron scattering Scale-dependence of Weak Mixing Weak Mixing in the Standard Model

  20. … Semi-leptonic only Moller only 1j1 1j1 hee hee PVES & New Physics SUSY Z/ Bosons Leptoquarks Doubly Charged Scalars Radiative Corrections RPV

  21. Moller (ee) RPV: No SUSY DM Majorana n s SUSY Loops Q-Weak (ep) d QWP, SUSY / QWP, SM d QWe, SUSY / QWe, SM Hyrodgen APV or isotope ratios gm-2 12 GeV 6 GeV E158 Global fit: MW, APV, CKM, l2,… Kurylov, RM, Su PVES & APV Probes of SUSY

  22. Weak Charge: Nu C1u + Nd C1d Proton: QWP = 2 C1u + C1d = 1-4 sin2W ~ 0.1 Electron: QWe = C1e = -1+4 sin2W ~ - 0.1 Effective PV e-q interaction & PVDIS Low energy effective PV eq interaction PV DIS eD asymmetry: leading twist

  23. Model Independent Constraints P. Reimer, X. Zheng

  24. e RPV Loops p Comparing AdDIS and Qwp,e

  25. ~ few 100 GeV & large tan Moller: ~ 2.5% on APV PVDIS: ~ 0.5% on APV Need L ~ 1033 - 1034 … < 1.5 TeV Masses 1j1 1j1 hee hee PVES, New Physics, & the LHC SUSY Z/ Bosons Leptoquarks Doubly Charged Scalars Radiative Corrections RPV

  26. Higher Twist: qq and qqg correlations e- e- * Z* X N Charge sym in pdfs d(x)/u(x): large x Electroweak test: e-q couplings & sin2qW Deep Inelastic PV: Beyond the Parton Model & SM

  27. Higher Twist (J Lab) CSV (J Lab, EIC) d/u (J Lab, EIC) + PVDIS & QCD Low energy effective PV eq interaction PV DIS eD asymmetry: leading twist

  28. Londergan & Murdock PVDIS & CSV • Direct observation of parton-level CSV would be very exciting! • Important implications for high energy collider pdfs • Could explain significant portion of the NuTeV anomaly Few percent A/A Adapted from K. Kumar

  29. SU(6): d/u~1/2 Valence Quark: d/u~0 Perturbative QCD: d/u~1/5 PVDIS & d(x)/u(x): xK1 Adapted from K. Kumar A/A ~ 0.01 Very sensitive to d(x)/u(x) PV-DIS off the proton (hydrogen target)

  30. C-odd C-odd C-Odd SD Structure Functions Anselmino, Gambino, Kalinowski ‘94

  31. Target Spin Asymmetries Polarized Long & trans target spin asymmetries (parity even) Unpolarized Long & trans target spin asymmetry (parity odd) Bilenky et al ‘75; Anselmino et al ‘94

  32. JLab Future SLAC Moller EIC PVDIS ? Z0 pole tension EIC Moller ? Parity-violating electron scattering Scale-dependence of Weak Mixing PVES at an EIC

  33. Charged Current Processes • The NuTeV Puzzle • HERA Studies • W Production at an EIC ? CC/NC ratios ?

  34. JLab Future SLAC Moller Z0 pole tension nucleus deep inelasticscattering Scale-dependence of Weak Mixing Weak Mixing in the Standard Model

  35. SUSY Loops Wrong sign RPV SUSY The NuTeV Puzzle Paschos-Wolfenstein

  36. CC Structure Functions: more promising? Other New CC Physics? Low-Energy Probes Nuclear & neutron decay O / OSM ~ 10-3 Pion leptonic decay O / OSM ~ 10-4 O / OSM ~ 10-2 Polarized -decay HERA W production O / OSM ~ 10-1 A. Schoning (H1, Zeus)

  37. Summary • Precision studies and symmetry tests are poised to discovery key ingredients of the new Standard Model during the next decade • There may be a role for an EIC in the post-LHC era • Promising: PV Moller & PV DIS for neutral currents • Homework: Charged Current probes -- can they complement LHC & low-energy studies? • Intriguing: LFV with eK conversion:

  38. Back Matter • Precision studies and symmetry tests with neutrons are poised to discovery key ingredients of the new Standard Model during the next decade • Physics “reach” complements and can even exceed that of colliders: dn~10-28 e-cm ; O/OSM ~ 10-4 • Substantial experimental and theoretical progress has set the foundation for this era of discovery • The precision frontier is richly interdisciplinary: nuclear, particle, hadronic, atomic, cosmology

  39. 0nbb sensitivity m LNV Probes of RPV: l111/ ~ 0.06 for mSUSY ~ 1 TeV lk31 ~ 0.02 for mSUSY ~ 1 TeV m->eg m->e LFV Probes of RPV: LFV Probes of RPV: l12k ~ 0.3 for mSUSY ~ 1 TeV & dQWe/ QWe ~ 5% lk31 ~ 0.03 for mSUSY ~ 1 TeV lk31 ~ 0.15 for mSUSY ~ 1 TeV PVES Probes of RPV SUSY

  40. SU(5) GUT: m, prot LQ 2 15H Dorsner & Fileviez Perez, NPB 723 (2005) 53 Fileviez Perez, Han, Li, R-M 0810.4238 Probing Leptoquarks with PVES General classification: SU(3)C xSU(2)L x U(1)Y Q-Weak sensitivities:

  41. Probing Leptoquarks with PVES SU(5) GUT: mvia type II see saw LQ 2 15H Fileviez Perez, Han, Li, R-M 0810.4238

  42. 4% QWp (MLQ=100 GeV) Probing Leptoquarks with PVES PV Sensitivities Fileviez Perez, Han, Li, R-M 0810.4238

  43. W. Marciano Z Pole Tension The Average: sin2θw = 0.23122(17) ⇒ mH = 89 +38-28 GeV ⇒ S = -0.13 ± 0.10 3σ apart Rules out Technicolor! Favors SUSY! ALR AFB (Z→ bb) (also APV in Cs) (also Moller @ E158) sin2θw = 0.2322(3) ↓ mH = 480 +350-230 GeV S= +0.55 ± 17 sin2θw = 0.2310(3) ↓ mH = 35 +26-17 GeV S= -0.11 ± 17 Rules out SUSY! Favors Technicolor! Rules out the SM! • Precision sin2W measurements at colliders very challenging • Neutrino scattering cannot compete statistically • No resolution of this issue in next decade K. Kumar

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