1 / 23

Science Before and After Francis Bacon

THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION. Science Before and After Francis Bacon. Leslie Justice, Ashley Szyjka , and Jessica Hurlbut. Francis Bacon (1561-1626). One of the leading figures in natural philosophy and in scientific methodology.

harken
Download Presentation

Science Before and After Francis Bacon

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. THE SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION Science Before and After Francis Bacon Leslie Justice, Ashley Szyjka, and Jessica Hurlbut

  2. Francis Bacon (1561-1626) • One of the leading figures in natural philosophy and in scientific methodology. • Wrote on questions of law, state and religion, and contemporary politics. http://www.iep.utm.edu/bacon/ http://www.123rf.com/photo_8635233_background-concept-wordcloud-illustration-of-scientific-method-research.html

  3. Francis Bacon (1561-1626) • Educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, and Gray’s Inn. • Completed his law degree in 1582, and in 1588 he was named lecturer in legal studies at Gray’s Inn. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Herbert_Railton_-_Gray's_Inn.jpg

  4. Francis Bacon (1561-1626) • He was elected to Parliament in 1584 where he stayed for over 30 years. • Also in 1584, he wrote his first political memorandum, A Letter of Advice to Queen Elizabeth. http://www.victorianweb.org/art/architecture/parliament/22.html

  5. Francis Bacon (1561-1626) • He had a hard time rising in political power while Elizabeth was on the throne. • After he severed ties with Essex, his relationship with the queen improved. http://www.martinfrost.ws/htmlfiles/june2006/francis_bacon.html

  6. Francis Bacon (1561-1626) • Bacon was knighted in 1603. • Under James I, he rose to the highest political office, Lord Chancellor. • In 1621 he was impeached by Parliament for corruption in his office as a judge. http://www.sciencephoto.com/media/223478/enlarge

  7. Francis Bacon (1561-1626) • Bacon devoted the last five years of his life to his philosophical work. • He died in April 1626 of pneumonia after experiments with ice. http://images-mediawiki-sites.thefullwiki.org/08/1/9/1/63151682149582601.jpg http://true-wildlife.blogspot.com/2011/02/chicken.html

  8. The Scientific Renaissance • The Renaissance showed educated men what the Romans and Greeks had done in certain subjects. • Invention of printing played a crucial role. • Pioneers were mainly Italians, but work was taken up by students in France, Germany, England, and other countries.

  9. Before There Was Bacon….. • Copernicus (1473-1543) • “Founder of Modern Astronomy” • Copernican Theory: The Earth and other planets rotate around a central sun. • Caused controversy since it went against the Bible. http://www.polishamericancenter.org/Pictures/Copernicus.jpg

  10. Before There Was Bacon….. • Galileo (1564-1642) • Italian Scientist • Made one of the first telescopes. • Telescope was about as powerful as an opera glass. http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-aSUkE-mmqDM/TWMsG8ypPfI/AAAAAAAAAA0/SZollJSF-qU/s320/Galileo-Galilei.jpg

  11. Before There Was Bacon….. • Kepler (1571-1630) • German Scientist • Worked out the mathematical laws that direct the movement of the planets. • Investigations afterward helped to lead to the discovery of the principle of gravitation. http://www.memo.fr/Media/Kepler.jpg

  12. And More Important Scientists… • Vesalius (1514-1564) and Harvey (1568-1657) • Vesalius gave the first careful description of the human body based on an actual dissection (Founder of Modern Anatomy). • Harvey observed living animals, and discovered the circulation of blood (Founder of Human Physiology). http://www.nndb.com/people/270/000085015/andreas-vesalius-2-sized.jpg

  13. The Scientific Method • In the Middle Ages, students were told to accept theories of Aristotle and other philosophers without question. • New Scientific Method relied on experimenting and observation. • "All depends on keeping the eye steadily fixed upon the facts of nature, and so receiving their images simply as they are, for God forbid that we should give out a dream of our own imagination for a pattern of the world.” - Lord Bacon

  14. Science After Bacon OLD IDEAS VS. New IDEAs Empiricism/Inductive Reasoning Inductive Reasoning – with observed facts, a general rule or principle is created which is true for all facts; however, “there is always an element of doubt .” • Scholasticism • Was a combination of natural magic and theology. • You couldn’t contradict God and his wisdom.

  15. Science After Bacon Scientific knowledge could only be obtained through sensual observations (touch, smell, sight, etc.) of nature. Knowledge began with observation, but never went beyond it. Bacon was adamant that there was more to knowledge than the previous science method of rehashing the past. He also believed the evils of current science were due to too much admiration for the mind.

  16. Science After Bacon “Man, the servant and interpreter of Nature, only does and understands so much as he shall have observed, in fact or in thought, of the course of Nature; more than this he neither knows nor can do.” ~ Francis Bacon

  17. Science After Bacon ROADBLOCKS • Bacon’s followers “lost sight of the deeper intent of his ideas.” • George Bernard Shaw • Risk of contradicting God • Found a loop-hole by stating that science was the studying of God's creation, and, therefore, was to the glory of God. • Shakespeare

  18. Science After Bacon Shakespeare, however, seemed to be apposed to the new ideas Bacon proposed and may have been another roadblock to Bacon’s initial success. We can tell this through the science mentioned in Shakespeare’s plays.

  19. Science After Bacon Macbeth (1606), V, iii • MACBETH: Throw physic to the dogs; I'll none of it. —. Twelfth Night (1601), II, iii. • SIR TOBY: Does not our lives consist of the four elements? • SIR ANDREW: Faith, so they say; but I think it rather consists of eating and drinking. • SIR TOBY: Thou'rt a scholar; let us therefore eat and drink.

  20. Science After Bacon “No pleasure is comparable to the standing upon the vantage-ground of truth.“ ~ Francis Bacon http://galileo.rice.edu/images/people/scientists/bacon1.gif

  21. Review • What did Francis Bacon die from? • What was Francis Bacon’s contribution to science? • Who were two prominent philosophers that contributed to the scientific outlook of the age? • Did Shakespeare approve of the new ideas Francis Bacon proposed?

  22. Works Cited Mulder, Henry. "Descartes and Locke." Science and You. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Oct. 2011. <http://www.scienceandyou.org/articles/ess_23.shtml>. Mulder, Henry. "Francis Bacon." Science and You. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Oct. 2011. <http://www.scienceandyou.org/articles/ess_23.shtml>. No. 1542: Francis Bacon. Dir. John H. Lienhard. Engines of Our Ingenuity. Web. 7 Oct. 2011. <http://www.uh.edu/engines/epi1542.htm>. William Shakespeare Quotes." TODAYINSCI. Today in Science, n.d. Web. 7 Oct. 2011. <http://www.todayinsci.com/S/Shakespeare_William/ShakespeareWilliam-Quotations.htm>

  23. Works Cited • "Elizabethan Science and Technology." ELIZABETHAN ERA. Web. 07 Oct. 2011. <http://www.elizabethan- era.org.uk/elizabethan- science-technology.htm>.

More Related