Presentation Transcript

1. Welcome to my class! A Woman Can Learn Anything a Man Can English Teaching
2. Teaching Objectives Language development To develop a better mastery of the key words, phrases, grammatical points and the collocations. Cultural knowledge To get a better understanding of some popular toys in the USA. Social knowledge To get an enhanced sense that women should be self-confident, self-reliant, diligent, and optimistic, thus they will learn anything well men can.
3. Lead-in Extensive Reading Intensive Reading Assignment
4. 1. Video 2. Brainstorming Lead-in Extensive Reading Intensive Reading Assignment
5. Watch the video Female and Male and answer the question: How does a man and a woman behave differently in a same situation?
6. Feeling bored and falling asleep Moved to tears Tied to nothing Tied to family With little burden Bringing a lot of luggage Having just what needed Having all kinds of stuff Going directly to the item Wandering around
7. Men are from Mars, women are from Venus. Based on the differences, people tend to think that there are some jobs and things only men can do them well, while women can not, such as mechanicals. Do you agree with that? Why or why not?
8. 1. Text Organization 2. Text Comprehension Questions Finding Evidence Lead-in Extensive Reading Intensive Reading Assignment
9. The text could be divided into parts in several ways organizationally. The division below is just one of them. Now answer the questions from each part, then sum up the main ideas.
10. The author describes how she stumbled into engineering. Questions The author writes about how she has overcome obstacles, including the bias against women, on her way to success. Questions The author draws the conclusion that women can do anything men can so long as they believe in their own abilities. Questions
11. 4. What really prompted her to apply for the summer program designed to interest girls in engineering? They liked girly toys such as a miniature kitchen, ponies, and Babies. She was craving independence and wanted to live away from home for some time. What toys did the author and her two sisters like in their childhood? 5. How did the summer program help her become an engineering major in college? 2. What was the national competition she once took part in as a college student? To convert a gas-guzzling SUV into a hybrid electric vehicle. It helped her earn six engineering credits, which of course made it easier for her to become an engineering major. 6. How long did it take her to get an engineering degree in college? Because she didn’t know anything about cars and was afraid of being cheated by the mechanic. 3. Why didn’t she dare to take her car to the mechanic when she was in high school? Five years. BACK
12. In her view, if you find a subject is difficult to learn, it does not mean you’re not good at it. It just means you have to set your mind and work harder to get good at it. No, she wasn’t always confident. She had moments of panic, worried that as a woman she would be unable to understand thermodynamics. Was she always confident in herself when she was in college? How do you know? What does a difficult subject mean to the author? 8. Why did her algebra teacher let her retake her tests? 10. What does the author think of the claim that math and science come more easily to men? Because he had confidence in her abilities believing she could have done better if she had studied more. She considers it wrong because it is based on a faulty premise. BACK
13. 11. What is her understanding of the human brain? 12. What does she mean by saying “have selective hearing”? It is flexible and more powerful than we imagine. What she means is not to accept others’ opinions blindly but to use one’s own judgment. BACK
14. The author suggests in Part One that she stumbled into engineering. Find evidence in the text with the help of the incomplete statements below and then try to complete them.
15. When she was a little girl, _____________________. She was expected to go to college, but _____________________________. When she was in high school, _________________________________ ____________. she was not a tomboy not to an engineering department she didn’t know the first thing about engineering
16. She applied to the six-week long summer program designed to interest girls in engineering not because she was really interested, but ____________ _________________________________. She chose engineering as her major in college because the summer program had _____________________________________. because she craved independence from her parents already earned her six credits in engineering
17. The author also seems to suggest that she didn’t become an engineer entirely by accident. Find evidence in the text with the help of the incomplete statements below and then try to complete them.
18. She had always been good at ________________. She learned about cars when _____________________________________ _______________________________________. She realized that when a subject was difficult, she shouldn’t use her gender as an excuse, but _________________. math and science she participated in a national competition to convert an SUV into a hybrid electric vehicle worked harder at it BACK
19. Her algebra teacher taught her that bad grades didn’t mean that she was incapable, but ________________________. She found out that her male college classmates also ________________ ____________________________________________________. that she should study more had work hard at course she found difficult, which encouraged her to keep going BACK
20. 1. Language Study Words & Phrases Synonyms in Context The Use of Enough 2. Cultural Information 3. A Debate Lead-in Extensive Reading Intensive Reading Assignment
21. When I was kid, everything in my bedroom was pink. I have two sisters and we had a complete miniature kitchen, a herd of My Little Ponies and several Barbie and Ken dolls. We didn’t have any toy trucks, G.I. Joes or basketballs. We did have a Wiffle-ball set, … a. very small极小的；微型的 e.g. The child was playing with his miniature train. n. 微型器物；微型复制品，缩微模型 e. g. Games are real life in miniature. herd n. a group of animals of one kind that live and feed together 兽群 a herd of: 一群… e. g. a herd of deer /cattle/swans
22. Sosome people may find it ironic that I grew up to be a mechanical engineer. a. (of a situation) odd or amusing because it is very different from what is expected 颇有讽刺意味的，令人啼笑皆非的 e. g. It's ironic that she became a teacher—she used to hate school. a. having to do with, or worked by, machinery; machine like 机械（方面）的；机械般的，呆板的 n. person whose job is to repair and maintain machines 机修工；技工
23. I also had to work with a team of students as part of a national competition to convert a gas-guzzling SUV into a hybrid electric vehicle that’s where earned how to fix cars. guzzle: 猛吃，狂饮 gas-guzzling: 耗油的 v. Change (from one form, use, etc. to another) (使）转变，(使) 转化 convert sth. into sth. e.g. convert rags into paper (AmE) Sports Utility Vehicle 运动型多用途车 adj. 混合的；杂种的 e. g. Hybrid cars can go almost 600 miles between refueling. n. 混合型机器；杂交动植物
24. When I was in high school, I didn’t know the first thing about engineering. I couldn’t have distinguish a transmission from an alternator. not know / understand the first thing about : not know anything about or how to do (sth.) 对…一窍不通 e. g. I don’t know the first thing about software. I don't know the first thing about the traffic accident. v. see, hear or notice as being separate or distinct, recognize clearly 辨认出；分辨 e.g. Some people find it difficult to distinguish right from wrong. n. （机器或汽车上的）传动装置，变速器；传输
25. Because honestly, the mechanic could have shown me an electric can opener and said, “This is part of your car and it’s broken — pay me to fix it,” and I wouldn’t have known any better. not know any better: (used to say that someone does sth. bad or stupid because they have not been told that it is wrong) 因无知而做错事或干傻事 e. g. Don't blame the children for their bad manners they don't know any better. She began her career at age 4 while other peer still did not know any better.
26. I applied to the program, not because I wanted to be an engineer, but because I was craving independence and wanted to get out of my parents’ house for six weeks. a. good enough; socially acceptable 像样的，相当好的；得体的 e. g. We want to raise our children to be decent men and women. It is not decent to laugh at a crippled person. v. ask earnestly for, have a strong desire for 恳求， 渴望 e. g. May I crave your attention? I‘m very tired now, and I crave for a rest. Five years later I had a degree and three decent job offers.
27. I can’t help shuddering when I hear about studies that show that women are at a disadvantage when it comes to math. at a disadvantage: in a situation where one is less likely to succeed because of a problem 处于不利地位 e. g. We were put at a disadvantage. She wasn't able to endure being at a disadvantage. v. shake uncontrollably; tremble with fear or disgust战栗；（因恐惧或厌恶而）发抖 e. g. We all shudder at the thought of the dreadful dirty place. when it comes to: when the subject being discussed is (a particular thing) 一谈到，就…而言，当提到… e. g. No one matches him when it comes to swimming. can’t help doing: be unable to prevent oneself from doing忍不住要做（某事） e. g. We couldn't help laughing when we heard the funny story.
28. They imply that I am somehow abnormal. abnormal — normal normal: a.uaual, regular e. g. the normal temperature of the human body abnormal: a. different, often in an undesirable way, from what is normal, ordinary or expected e. g. This warm weather is abnormal for February. v. express indirectly, suggest 暗示；含有…的意思 e. g. Cheerfulness doesn't always imply happiness. What did she imply in her words?
29. I’m not, but I do know that if I hadn’t stumbled into that summer program, I wouldn’t be an engineer. stumble: v. hit your foot against sth. when walking; walk unsteadily绊了一下；跌跌撞撞而行 e. g. Men make mistakes; horses stumble. stumble into: enter by accident 偶然步入 e. g. Uh huh, you just think I'm going to stumble into oncoming traffic. On a rainy day in Seattle stumble into any coffee shop.
30. But this is what I discovered: just because a subject is difficult to learn, it does not mean you are not good at it. You just have to grit your teeth and work harder to get good at it. grit one’s teeth: press one’s teeth together tightly in anger or determination咬紧牙关；下定决心 e. g. The young policeman gritted his teeth and walked slowly towards the armed criminal. n. a sign that shows sth. exists, is true, or will happen迹象；表示 e. g. There seems to be every indication that there will be an earthquake. I was lucky enough to have a teacher who didn’t take my grades as a judgment of my abilities, but simply as an indication that I should study more.
31. I studied a lot in college, too. I had moments of panic while sitting underneath the buzzing fluorescent lights in the engineering library on Saturdays afternoons, … n. sudden uncontrollable fear or anxiety惊慌；恐慌 e.g. There was a panic when the building caught fire. v. 惊慌失措 e. g. Don’t panic! There is no danger. v., n. (make) a continuous sound like bees （作）嗡嗡声 e. g. Attack helicopters buzzed across the city.
32. So I reminded myself that those studies, the ones that say that math comes more naturally to men, are based on a faulty premise: that you can judge a person’s abilities separate from the cultural cues that she received since she was an infant. n. 前提 e. g. We can deduce a conclusion from the premise. a. mistaken or misleading because of flaws; defective有缺陷的 e. g. We traced the trouble to a faulty transformer. The plan is faulty in every respect. a. having to do with culture文化的； 文明的 e. g. a cultural institute 文化研究所
33. Instead of translating our differences into hard and fast conclusions about the human brain, why can’t we focus instead on how incredibly flexible we are? incredible: a. surprising or hard to believe 令人惊讶的， 难以置信的 incredibly: ad. extremely, unusually 及其，非同一般的 e. g. 这场雨后野花会变得美不胜收。 The wildflowers will be incredible after this rain. The wildflowers will be incredibly beautiful after this rain. a. able to change or be changed to suit new needs or conditions; able to bend or be bent easily 灵活的；有弹性的 e. g. We need a foreign policy that is more flexible.
34. A woman can learn anything a man can, but first she needs to know that she can do it, and that takes a leap of faith. It also helps to have selective hearing. leap vi. 跳；冲动的行动 vt. 跳过，跃过；使跳跃 n. 跳跃，飞跃；跳跃的距离 e. g. As I look back, scenes of the past leap before my eyes. It is a big leap in the process of cognition. a leap of faith: sth. you do even though it involves a risk, hoping that it will have a good result 冒险一试 e. g. Take a leap of faith and trust them. a. tending to choose carefully 仔细挑选的；有选择的 e. g. He seemed to have a very selective recall of past events. She is selective about the clothes she buys.
35. buzz panic mechanical imply decent stumble miniature leap selective cultural ironic transmission abnormal shudder indication grit one’s teeth Fill in the gaps with words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.
36. Students from countries such as China, which has a drastically different culture and language from the US, have to absorb a great deal of _______________shock when they first arrive. Persistent (持续的) headache can be a(n) _________ of a serious problem, so do not hesitate to contact your doctor. A __________ garden takes little space but adds much beauty to the landscape. culture / cultural indication miniature
37. It is more than a little ______ that some insurance companies can’t even ensure their own survival. This former chemistry student _____________ the baking business when he took a part-time job at a bakery and learned the art of bread making in the summer time. I’ll buy whichever ______ car model that comes first for a good price. ironic stumbled into decent
38. Help! A bee is _______ in my ear! Some experts say the _________ weather recently experienced by China was caused by El Nino. The spokesperson read the statement by the White House in a dry ___________ tone. buzzing abnormal mechanical
39. __________ in the cold darkness I hoped my husband would come for me soon. Mary did not actually say that she was going abroad, but she certainly _______ that she was. Bob knows little about European art and he is a prudent (谨慎的) guy. I don’t think he is going to take a ____ in the dark. Shuddering implied leap
40. also, as well, too The three have similar meanings, but do not go in the same position in sentences.
41. e.g. He also liked to try to place it into the slot. I also had to work with a team of students as part of a national competition to convert a gas-guzzling SUV into a hybrid electric vehicle. It also helps to have selective hearing. I have also watched students incorrectly enter a problem like 12 + 32 into their calculators as 112 + 32 and not bat an eye at the obviously incorrect answer. Also is usually used in front of a verb, but if the verb is “be” or if there is an auxiliary (助动词), we put also after it.
42. e. g. It’s a nice apartment, but it’s too large for us. Also, the rent is a bit too high. Also can be used at the beginning of a sentence to modify the whole sentence. e.g. When I’m in this state, I fight my boyfriend as well. On one test I got only 36 percent of the answers correct. I failed the next one, too. As well and too usually come at the end of a sentence. They are used more in speaking. Too is sometimes put after the first word (group) in a clause. e.g. Maybe it’s because I, too, was born and raised in a small south Georgia town?
43. Fill in the gaps withalso oras wellor too according to the context. 1. Tony has mowed the lawn and he has _____ watered it. 2. He inherited (继承) all the money, and the house ____________. 3. He felt his heart pounding. He was sure the crowd did, ____. 4. He was crying harder than Mildred had ever seen before. She _____ knew he was crying the greatest tears of all: tears of pride. also as well / too too also
44. 5. When my husband retires I’ll retire ____________. 6. Nancy, ____, was alarmed by the violence. 7. I submit articles and edit them via e-mail ... My boyfriend lives in England, so much of our relationship is _____ computer assisted. 8. Sorry I am late. My alarm clock went wrong. _____, I had trouble starting the car. as well / too too also Also
45. 1. As modifier,enough is normally used after an adj. or adv. e.g. … but it was long enough for me to search deep within myself and find some disturbing traits. Oh, I was bright enough. He was, however, one of six vice-presidents, and one of three who might conceivably — if the president died or retired soon enough — have moved to the top spot.
46. 2. Enough can be used before a noun whereas we use enough ofto modify a pronoun or a noun having a determiner. e.g. If given enough leeway, they quickly become shrewd managers of their own finances. He figured in two or three months he’d have enough money to buy exactly the kind of guitar he wanted. … and none of the adults had enough experience to be good at it. There is enoughof it for everybody. Eventually enoughof these shapes were collected.
47. 3. We can also use an infinitive structure after enough. e.g. I was lucky enough to have a teacher who didn’t take my bad grades as a judgment of my abilities … The children are old enough to travel to school on their own. None of the apples was ripe enough to eat. 4. We can use adverbs like almost, just, hardly and quite to modify enough. e.g. There was hardlyenoughtime to finish the work.
48. 5. Enough can be used on its own as a noun. e.g. Enough has been said about this already. Not enough has been done to help them. (Note: We do not say “Enough has not been done to help them.”)
49. Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese into English, using enough.
50. 1. _______________ (我已受够了) — there are limits even for the patience of a saint (圣人). 2. ________________________________________ (当我长大到能工作赚钱的时候), I left home. 3. If you ___________________________ (晚上睡眠不足), you may take a nap after lunch. I’ve had enough When I was old enough to work and earn money can’t get enough sleep at night
51. 4. Her hobby is collecting Barbie’s; she _____________________________ (迄今已收集了足够多的芭比娃娃) to have an exhibition. 5. Cheerleaders (啦啦队队员) have to ______________________ (手臂一定要强壮) to lift their partners over their heads. 6. An investigation by the Wall Street Journal indicated that 70 percent of people ______________________________ (只有维持生计的钱), leaving little left to save. has so far collected enough of them have strong enough arms have just enough money to live on
52. Here are some popular toys for the boys and girls in the USA. Get to know them and talk about the toys you liked most when you were young.
53. My Little Ponies： My Little Pony“ is a line of vinyl horse figures made by Hasbro, which is marketed primarily to girls. It started as a line of plastic pony toys developed which have been produced since 1983. The ponies feature colorful bodies, manes and a unique symbol on one or both sides of their flanks. BACK
54. Barbie: It is a fashionable doll manufactured by the American toy-company Matt Inc. and launched in March 1959. It is the figurehead of a brand of Mattel dolls and accessories, including other family members and collectible dolls. BACK
55. Ken Doll: Ken (Ken Carson) is a Mattel toy doll introduced by Mattel in 1961 as the fictional boyfriend of toy doll Barbie. Similar to his female counterpart, Ken had a fantastically fashionable line of clothing and accessories. In the Barbie mythos, Ken and Barbie met on the set of a TV commercial in 1961. Mattel has never specified the precise nature of their relationship. Since his debut, Ken has held at least forty occupations. BACK
56. G.I. Joe is a line of action figures produced by the toy company Hasbro. The initial product offering represented four of the branches of the U.S. armed forces with the Action Soldier (U.S. Army), Action Sailor (U.S. Navy), Action Pilot (USAF), Action Marine (USMC) and later on, the Action Nurse. G.I. Joe's appeal to children has made it an American icon among toys. BACK
57. Wiffle-ball is a variation of the sport of baseball designed for indoor or outdoor play in confined areas. The game is played using a perforated(穿孔的,凿孔的) light-weighted, rubbery plastic ball and a long, plastic bat. Te Wiffle ball was invented by David N. Mullany of Fairfield, Connecticut in 1953 when he designed a ball that curved easily for his 12-year-old son. BACK
58. Do you really thing a woman can learn anything a man can? Now you are divided into a pro side and a con side. After a discussion within groups, four representatives from each group will come forward to participate in the class debate. Please try to use the words we’ve just learned. The following tips could be for your reference.
59. Can a Woman Really Learn Anything a Man Can? Pro side A women can learn any subject a man can. A woman can learn any skill a man can. A woman can learn any sport a man can. …… Con side A woman can’t be good at math and science. The mechanical operation ability of women is lower than that of men. Women are less athletic than men. …… VS
60. Conclusion: As for women, if they believe they are equal to men, they can learn anything a man can. Whether they can or not just depends on themselves. Therefore ,women should be self-confident, self-reliant, diligent, and optimistic. Thus they will learn anything well men can.
61. 1. Cloze Text-related Theme-related 2. Translation 3. A VOA special Report Lead-in Extensive Reading Intensive Reading Assignment
62. Complete the following passage with words from the Words & Phrases Explanation. Change the form where necessary.
63. Isn’t it strange how chance can play such a large part in what we become? If Carolyn hadn’t _____________ (1) that engineering course, she would never have become an engineer. At the time she did ________________________ (2) anything ___________ (3). But _______________ (4) hard work, she is no slacker. She threw herself into study and joined in the project to make a _______ (5) vehicle. She admits that she often found studying math difficult, but she _______________ (6) and got on with it, working on the ________ (7) stumbled into not know the first thing about mechanical when it comes to hybrid gritted her teeth premise
64. that math is a hard subject for most people. Girls, she argues, are no more ________________(8) in this respect than boys. Nonetheless, she still had moments of ______ (9) when she found making progress particularly difficult. Carolyn concludes that we should not allow________ (10) expectations to limit our horizons, for we are far more ________ (11) in what we can achieve than they would ______ (12). at a disadvantage panic cultural flexible imply
65. inspired observations painstaking essentially wonderfully potentially brought recognized scientists women typical unless steered force until tutor secrets chair Read the following passage carefully until you have got its main idea, and then select one appropriate word for each gap from the box.
66. The words “first black woman” have been used to describe Shirley Ann Jackson for so long that her name seems incomplete without them. She was the first black woman to earn a Ph.D. from MIT, the first black woman in the country to earn a physics doctorate, and she was both the first African American and the first woman to _____ (1) the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Growing up in the late 1950’s and early 1960’s, when the race for space was chair
67. in full ______ (2), a young Jackson came to see the world around her as “full of ________ (3) ”. For years, she collected bees and kept them under her family’s back porch, making ___________ (4) records of their behaviors as she adjusted variables like heat, light, and diet. “It was like reading a great mystery novel,” she recalls. Her parents encouraged her to pursue her passions, and her siblings, two sisters and a brother, all __________ (5) her natural talents for leadership. But force secrets painstaking recognized
68. it was the assistant principal at Washington D.C.’s Roosevelt High School who _______ (6) her toward MIT. Today, even at such lofty posts as heading the NRC, Jackson says she is __________ (7) doing the same thing she did way back with the bees: studying interactions in the environment around her, making keen ____________ (8), and taking constructive action based on what she learned. Jackson strongly believes that ________ (9) must be “true friends” to one another and assist and encourage one another in their efforts. From her steered essentially observations women
69. youngest days, she took time to ______ (10) fellow women and minority students in their studies. That’s because, says Jackson, being a trailblazer (开路先锋) is only a good thing if one does not allow “high weeds” to grow back because no one was ________ (11) to follow. Jackson won’t be satisfied to go down in history as the “first black woman” of anything ______ (12) the familiar phrase is followed by two more words: “of many.” tutor inspired unless
70. Translate the following sentences into English, using the word or phrases given in brackets.
71. 1). 他这人话不多，但要说玩电脑那他就太机灵了，同学们都不是他的对手。 (when it comes to) He is a man of few words, but when it comes to playing computer games, he is far too clever for his classmates. 2). 无知的孩子们可能认为这些动物很可爱并开始跟他们玩起来。 (not know any better) Children who don’t know any better may think these animals are pretty cute and start playing with them. 3). 没有办法获得贷款，所以，要购买新设备，我只得要紧牙关，卖掉我的混合型 动力汽车。(grit one’s teeth, hybrid) There is no way to obtain a loan, so to buy the new equipment, I’ll just have to grit my teeth and sell my hybrid car.
72. 4).如果猎人没有看到一群象朝他的营地（campsite）走来，他就不会开枪。 4).如果猎人没有看到一群象朝他的营地（campsite）走来，他就不会开枪。 (a herd of) The hunter would not have fired the shots if he had not seen a herd of elephants coming towards his campsite. 5).我觉得具有讽刺意味的是汤姆的记忆是有选择性的，他好像不记得过去痛苦的经 历，特别是那些由他自己造成的痛苦经历。(selective, ironic) I find it ironic that Tom has a selective memory — he does not seem to remember painful experiences in the past, particularly those of his own doing.
73. at a disadvantage can’t help doing convert into grit one’s teeth indication ironic crave cultural selective when it comes to Translate the following passage into English, using the word or phrases given in the box.
74. 南希 · 霍普金斯（Nancy Hopkins）是麻省理工学院（MIT）的生物学教授。她渴望知识，努力工作。然而，作为一名科学家，她不能不注意到校园里男女不平等（gender inequality）的各种表现。男女教授做同样的工作，但是到提升的时候，行政领导却很有选择性。具有讽刺意味的是在取得这么多的文化进步以后，妇女在高等学府里却仍然处于不利的地位。当她增加实验室面积的请求被拒之后，她知道她必须起来抗争。因此她咬紧牙关向校长申诉。这次抗争以胜利告终，南希也因此变成了男女平等的倡导者。
75. Nancy Hopkins is a biology professor at MIT. Shecraves knowledge and works hard. However, as a scientist, she could not help noticingall kinds of indications of gender inequality on campus. Men and women professors did the same work, but when it came to promotion the administrators were rather selective. It was ironic that after so much cultural progress, women were still at a disadvantage in institutions of higher education. When her request for more lab space was refused, she knew she had to fight. So she gritted her teeth and complained to the President. The fight ended in victory and Nancy was converted into a gender-equity advocate.
76. For Women in Science, a World That Is With and Without Limits Listen to the report from VOA and then think about the following question: Why do you think these women can do well in science and technology and what can we learn from them? Marie Curie (1867-1934) Write a composition of afterthoughts.
77. 课件制作 Thank you