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CHALLENGES in the CONSTRUCTION + INSTALLATION of LHCb CALORIMETERS 2001 - 2007 '

CHALLENGES in the CONSTRUCTION + INSTALLATION of LHCb CALORIMETERS 2001 - 2007 '. KEY DATA + DESIGN PARAMETER. gantry. Top View of the LHCb Cavern at Pit 8. IP. HCAL. HCAL ECAL PS Lead Absorber SPD. ~13m. SPD + PS. ECAL. KEY DATA + DESIGN PARAMETER.

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CHALLENGES in the CONSTRUCTION + INSTALLATION of LHCb CALORIMETERS 2001 - 2007 '

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  1. CHALLENGES in the CONSTRUCTION + INSTALLATION of LHCbCALORIMETERS • 2001 - 2007' Robert KRISTIC

  2. KEY DATA + DESIGN PARAMETER gantry Top View of the LHCb Cavern at Pit 8 IP HCAL HCAL ECAL PS Lead Absorber SPD ~13m SPD+PS ECAL Robert KRISTIC

  3. KEY DATA + DESIGN PARAMETER • Requirements to the Calorimeter System: • Preshower (PS) and • Scintillator Pad Detector (SPD): • PID for L0 electron and photon trigger • electron & photon / pion separation by PS • photon / MIP separation by SPD • charged multiplicity veto by SPD • Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL): • Et of electrons and photons for L0 trigger • (e.g. B →J/Ψ Ks, B → K*γ) • reconstruction of π0 and prompt γoffline • particle ID • Hadron Calorimeter (HCAL): • Et of hadrons for L0 trigger • (e.g. B → π π, B →DsK) • particle ID • L0 trigger => Calorimeters readout every 25ns PS/SPD Y~7m X~8.5m HCAL ECAL Y~2.5m Z~2.7m 08/10/2007 – DT2 Science Tea Robert KRISTIC 3

  4. Comparison of Calorimeters • Electromagnetic calorimeters •  Crystals • 2.3%/ 4E  1.9% BaBar • (current calorimeters) CsI (Tl) • 1.5%/ 4E  1.2% BELLE • 2.8%/E  0.6% CMS • PbWO4 • 3.3%/E (low noise term) ALICE •  LAr/Pb 10%/ E  0.7% ATLAS • (accordion) • Scint./Pb 10%/ E  1%LHCb (shashlik)

  5. Comparison of Calorimeters • Hadron Calorimeters • Scint. / Brass ~100%E  4.5% CMS (WLS readout) • LAr / Brass ~60%E  3% ATLAS (end-cap) • Scint / Fe (WLS readout) ~50%E  3% ATLAS (barrel) (tiles oriented parallel to the beam) • Scint / Fe (WLS readout) ~70%E  10%LHCb (similar to ATLAS tile calorimeter, but planar geometry, 5.4  depth)

  6. Energy resolution of LHCb ECAL (8.20.4)%  (0.87  0.07)% (9.40.2)%  (0.83  0.02)%   ((145  13) MeV)/E E E Outer module Inner module subtracted noise: 50,70,100 GeV – 330 MeV 5,10,20,30 GeV – 65 MeV E GeV

  7. LHCb ECAL: uniformity of response (scan of outer module with 50 GeV electrons) Shashlik was a baseline option of the CMS ECAL at the earlier stage Response non-uniformity was a concern: response at the edge ~10% smaller than in the center of the cell (RD36 results) outer module Response is overcompensated at the edges of the tile RD36 60 -60 0 60 inner module 10% -20 0 20 X, mm

  8. KEY DATA + DESIGN PARAMETER PS/SPD Y~7m X~8.5m HCAL ECAL Requirements to the calorimeter subdetectors: Y~2.5m Z~2.7m Robert KRISTIC

  9. FUNCTIONING Identification e/g/h HCAL PS/SPD ECAL 1 1 Hadron 1 0 Electron 0 1 PS Energy PS détermine la nature électromagnétique des particules et SPD la charge ⇒Identification et Discrimination e/g Robert KRISTIC

  10. Chariot HCAL LAYOUT Electron. platform • The overall detector • weight ~ 500 tons of steel • consists of 52 modules (26/side) • 1468 channels • electronics moves together with the detector • read-out electronics on detector • L: ~4.2m, W: ~1.6m, H: ~6.8m modules • One module • consists of 8 sub-modules • L: ~4m, W: ~1.6m, H: ~0.26m • weight ~9.5 tons • Readout via WLS Beam plug 1 module ~ 10 tons support structure cabling inside the module and on the detector side Total weight ~500 tons Robert KRISTIC

  11. HCAL PART PRODUCTION (2001-2004) • Raw material procurement of ~ 550 tons of ordinary steel (S235JR) • 400 tons of cold rolled 6mm (D) and 130 tons of 4mm plates (CZ) + 20 tons (D) • Produced out of coils + cut into pieces of ~ 1300mm in length (~ 50’000 plates) • Tolerances in thickness +/- 0.05, Flatness 1mm over L= 1m • HCAL Production with 3 different technologies • Laser-cutting – 1 master plate/1min • First 2 firms disqualified. They didn’t meet the specifications • 40% was produced (B) Robert KRISTIC

  12. HCAL PART PRODUCTION (2001-2004) • HCAL Production • Punching – 20 master plates/h • Punching tool with big hydraulic presses => enormous forces • 60% was produced (RUS), reliability in dimensions • Conventional machining • 5% of overall production only due to time and low dimensional accuracy (RO) Robert KRISTIC

  13. particles scintillators WLS Fibers light-guide PMT HCAL MODULE PRODUCTION (RUS) Gluing procedure for 1 sub module - 52 Master Plates - 182 Spacer Plates fibre particles spacer scinti- llator PMT (front) fibre master (two periods detached for illustration) Robert KRISTIC

  14. HCAL assembly production rate of 4 modules/month SAFETY IS EVERYWHERE Robert KRISTIC

  15. 25/1/05 HCAL INSTALLATION support 11/4/05 1st module 15/5/05 1st half 2nd half 19/11/05 17/7/05 platform + gantry Lateral tolerance within +/- 1.5 mm Front side vertical within+/- 0.5 mm Height at four edges within +/- 0.2 mm Robert KRISTIC

  16. Two halves on chariots + electronics platform on top ECAL LAYOUT • The overall detector • weight ~ 100 tons of Pb • consists of 3312 modules (1656/side) • L: ~4m, W: 0.825m, H: ~6.5m • 64 columns + 52 rows • electronics moves with the detector • read-out electronics on detector Electron. platform signal +HV cables at the back modules Beam plug Chariot • One module • 3 types of cells • 66 layers of 2mm Pb + 4mm scintillator • 1 module ~ 30 Kg • 5952 channels • readout via WLS fibres Monitoring System at the front Total weight ~100 tons Robert KRISTIC

  17. ECAL PRODUCTION • Raw material procurement of ~ 100 tons of Lead 99.2% • 100 tons of t= 2mm (D) • Special requirement was a 3 m thick tin layer on the surface => no oxidation • ECAL Part Production • Punching of 2mm Lead in respect to the punching whole diameter of 1.5mm • Tin addition had good abilities in order to punch => better cut + less erosion • Big advantage was - if the punching failed the material could be reproduced easily Robert KRISTIC

  18. 3312 shashlik modules ECAL MODULE PRODUCTION (RUS) Scintillators, lead-plates, covers • Basic design: • “shashlik” type • 66 layers of 2mm Pb/ 4mm scintillator Robert KRISTIC

  19. Production of steel bands ECAL INSTALLATION ½ ECAL Steel bands embracing 2 module rows Stretching system for steel bands on detector side “T-bar” for ECAL assembly Robert KRISTIC

  20. 17/5/05 21/3/05 ECAL INSTALLATION 27/4/05 exchangeable modules missing 1st part of platform  Relative position of all modules along Z within 2 mm Robert KRISTIC

  21. ECAL ECAL HCAL HCAL BEAM PLUGS + STEEL STRUCTURE Steel structure Beam-pipe to muons Flanges+ bellow Flanges+ bellow Beam-pipe from IP Straight section Steel structure fill up with Lead Robert KRISTIC

  22. PS/SPD/LEAD ABSORBER LAYOUT Upper guidance system Support structures for SPD/PS/LEAD ECAL platform 42 180mm 180MM 34 PS SPD Lead 42 Lower guidance system Robert KRISTIC

  23. Rollers and rail 3850 Beam External plate Central plate lead LEAD ABSORBER LAYOUT • Al-Pb-Al sandwich with 14mm Pb (2.5 X0) and 2*1mm Al in Z • for handling reasons divided into 4 pieces of ~2m length along X • for mechanical reasons divided into regions of different materials along Y • each piece glued, machined and transported on a special tool Robert KRISTIC

  24. LEAD ABSORBER INSTALLATION Robert KRISTIC

  25. PS/SPD LAYOUT Front view support structure Moving cable trays 4 super modules per half detector lead absorber (4 pcs of ~8x2m2) MAPMT+ VFE R/O cables detector half super-module (~1x6.5m2) Robert KRISTIC Andreas Schopper

  26. PS/SPD MODULE PRODUCTION A total of 8 PS and 8 SPD Super-Modules have to be produced Cosmic test set-up 4 outer (w/o fibers) 4 middle frames Frame assembly Transport cradle 3 Inner frames Assembly cradle Production Area at CERN in Bldg. 156 ~8m piece around beam pipe Robert KRISTIC

  27. PS/SPD PRODUCTION Scintillator+ fiber Outer type module box with 16 tiles, incl. LEDs for monitoring system (no box cover) - 12000 tiles - 444 module boxes - 16 Super Modules - 6016 channels PS+SPD built from 16 super modules Inner + Middle + Outer Modules Super module with 2 x 13 modules Side view of upper part Robert KRISTIC

  28. PS/SPD MODULE PRODUCTION Robert KRISTIC

  29. CABLE CHAIN PS SPD Test with cable chain prototype Robert KRISTIC

  30. SPD in PS CABLE ROUTING Robert KRISTIC

  31. CABLE ROUTING 101 reels – PS/C-top Two bundle layer of 38mm 17mm gap left (of 92mm) Cablechain entrance M1 Fixed on modules Robert KRISTIC

  32. CABLE ROUTING 101 reel (top) + 82 reel (bottom) -------------------------- 183 reel total PS/C To be bent like this Robert KRISTIC

  33. CABLE CHAIN INSTALLATION PS cablechains SPD cablechains Robert KRISTIC

  34. What next ? • Installation phase is more or less finish and detector commissioning starts • But there are still some activities in the pit • cable chain modification • rearrangement of cables in the cable chain • alignment of the detectors to the centre • aso. • New Projects and new CHALLENGES !!! Robert KRISTIC

  35. THANK YOU – СПАСИБО – MERCI Robert KRISTIC

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