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Chapter 15

Chapter 15. By Lenie Ventura(: . Witches:. (1400-1700s) Between 70,000 and 100,000 people were killed for being a witch. A majority of witches were women and fell into 3 specific categories: 1.) Widows 2.) Midwives 3.)Female healers or herbalists. . Baroque Art:.

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Chapter 15

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  1. Chapter 15 By Lenie Ventura(:

  2. Witches: • (1400-1700s) • Between 70,000 and 100,000 people were killed for being a witch. • A majority of witches were women and fell into 3 specific categories: • 1.) Widows 2.) Midwives 3.)Female healers or herbalists.

  3. Baroque Art: • A 17th century art style focused upon paintings, sculptures, and architecture. • People were painted in a more natural way. • Mostly seen in: Roman Catholic settings (ex: the Vatican) and absolute rulers (ex: King Louis XIV’s Versailles). • Some Major artists were Bernini, Rubens

  4. Pre- Revolutionary Europe • 1.) The aristocratic elites inherited legal privileges. • 2.) Churches were established that tied into the state and the aristocracy. • 3.) Urban labor forces were organized into guilds. (Def: Guilds: any of various medieval associations, as of merchants or artisans, organized to maintain standards and to protect the interests of its members, and that sometimes constituted a local governing body.) • 4.) Peasants that pay high taxes and feudal payments.

  5. Nobility in Europe: • England- 400 families (made up the House of Lords) • -no specific legal benefits but were often local leaders. • France- 400,000 nobles. • -top nobles = top appointments. • -MANY legal privileges (ex: no land tax payments).

  6. Aristocratic Resurgence: • 1: Did not make it easy for people to become nobles. • 2: Top appointments were for nobles. • 3: Tried to work together to limit the king’s power. • 4: tried to improve their economy by raising taxes.

  7. Enclosure Movement: • 1.) Small farmers sell to big farmers. • 2.) Farms get bigger. • 3.) People become workers on the larger farms. • 4.) Old farmers move to the cities.

  8. Agricultural Revolution: People move to cities. Farms get bigger. More food is produced. Poor people move into cities. A new wealthy class of nobles is created.

  9. Two New Crops and Methods Two new crop methods: Crops: • potatoes and clover plants open field and closed field method.

  10. The Industrial Revolution: A period in the late 18th century that was the turning point in the ideas of transportation, textile, and metal manufacturing.

  11. New Developments: • The spinning Jenny- helped people spin cotton faster in a more complex fashion of machinery to make yarn. • The Water Frame- A machine to turn cotton into yarn that was powered by water and was the very first industrial device. • The steam engine-Very first engine that was powered by coal and was the building structure for modern tractors. It also helped transport both goods and ideas to different locations.

  12. PHOTOS (:

  13. Impact of the industrial revolution: • Women- they were able to get more jobs in factories and jobs were lost as well. • The growth of cities- Population began to increase rapidly in high numbers.

  14. Major People: • JethroTull- Came up with the method of planting crops with drilling and iron plows • James Hargreaves- Created the spinning jenny • Richard Arkwrighit- Created the Water Frame • Thomas Newcomen- Early steam engine.

  15. THANK YOU FOR WATCHING (:

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