How Hot Are You?

1. How Hot Are You?

2. Heat Illness Prevention http://blink.ucsd.edu/go/preventheatillness Daphne Thaung, MS, CIH Sarah Meyer, ASP UCSD Environment, Health & Safety

4. Heat kills... your business! 16 jobsites were shut down in 2009 for imminent hazards due to heat Nearly $ 2 million in penalties and 1158 citations issued in 2009 District Attorneys may review these cases for criminal activity Bad press/media attention 41 confirmed heat illnesses and 1 confirmed heat fatality in 2009 2009 Working Conditions

5. Personal Risk Factors • May put employees at a higher risk of developing heat illness: • Age • Weight • Physical fitness/metabolism • Personal choices • Prescription Drugs • Alcohol/Caffeine/Water Consumption • Food • Underlying Medical Conditions

6. Getting Acclimated • 4 to 14 days working at least 2 hours/day • Highest risk for heat illness: • At the start of the summer session • New employee • Coming back from illness or vacation Gradually getting used to the heat

7. Heat Illness Prevention During Heat Waves Take Extra Measures - More Water Drink water more frequently before, during and after work Water must be “readily accessible,” but in no case further than ¼ mile or a five-minute walk, and must be “fresh, pure, suitably cool” Effective replenishment of extra supplies of water Spraying body with water/wiping with wet towels

8. Supervisors/employees watch each other very closely & provide more frequent feedback Avoid working alone - “buddy system” Account for employee whereabouts throughout the work shift and end of the day Heat Illness Prevention During Heat Waves

9. Heat Illness Prevention During Heat Waves SHADE: blockage of direct sunlight • Take 5 minute breaks though out the day in shade • Eat lunch or rest in shade for longer breaks as well • Ex: buildings, canopies, umbrellas, trees

10. Is this adequate shade? The nearest shaded area must be as close as practicable. Usually this will mean that shade must be reachable within a 2 1/2 minute walk, but in no case more than 1/4-mile or a five minute walk away, whichever is shorter.

11. Examples of Acceptable Source of Shade • Take 5 minute breaks though out the day in shade • Eat lunch or rest in shade for longer breaks as well • Ex: buildings, canopies, umbrellas, trees If the temperature exceeds 90 F, shade must actually be present regardless of the previous day's predicted temperature high.

12. High Tempt + High Humidity + Physical Work = Heat Illness

13. Heat Cramps • Painful spasms of muscles • Muscles used to perform the work are usually the ones most susceptible to cramps • Cause: • Sweating heavily • Replacing water not salt • Symptoms • Hot, moist skin • Normal pulse • Normal to slightly high body temperature

14. Heat Cramps Prevention • Move into shade • Loosen clothing • Drink lightly salted liquids • Wait to see if symptoms go away • Seek medical aid if cramps persist

15. Heat Exhaustion • Loss of fluid from sweating when worker has failed to drink enough fluids • Cause: • Body’s heat-control mechanism is overactive • Loss of body fluids and minerals • Symptoms: • Heavy sweating • Extreme thirst • Extreme weakness and fatigue • Giddiness, nausea, or headaches • Skin is cool, clammy, and moist, complexion pale or flushed • Body temperature is normal or slightly higher

16. First Aid Treatmentfor Heat Exhaustion • Move victim into shade • Loosen and remove clothing • Cool the victim (wet cloth, spray mist) • Have victim slowly drink water • Elevate victim’s legs • Medical Aid ASAP if victim not better

17. Heat Stroke THE MOST SERIOUS STAGE OF HEAT ILLNESS • Most serious, failure of the body’s internal mechanism to regulate it’s core temperature • Cause: • Body temperature rises to fatal levels • Symptoms: • Lack of sweat • Mental confusion, delirium, loss of concentration, convulsions or coma • Rapid pulse • A body temperature of 106°F or higher • Hot dry skin, which may be red, mottled, or blush • Convulsions, seizures, unconsciousness, or death can occur

18. First Aid Treatment for Heat Stroke • Call for emergency help ASAP • Move victim into shade • Loosen outer clothing • Lower body temperature (massage body with ice or damp cloth) • If victim is alert, have them slowly drink water

20. Heat Illness Signs & Symptoms Heat Exhaustion Heat Stroke Heavy sweating, cramps, rapid pulse, headache, nausea, vomiting Dry, red, hot skin, fainting, high body temperature, disoriented, confused NEED MEDICAL HELP

21. UCSD Campus Police • From a campus phone 911 • From a cell phone 858-534-HELP

22. Emergency Notification Procedure • Tell the UCSD Police dispatcher that this is a heat related issue • If ambulance is not readily available, go to the nearest Emergency Room • Thornton or Scripps Hospital on main campus • Hillcrest • Notify your supervisor • Contact Workers’ Compensation at 822-2979 • If hospitalized, notify the UCSD Police Dispatcher

23. http://blink.ucsd.edu/go/preventheatillness

24. In Review: Planning Procedures • Weather monitoring- heat wave • Acclimization • Water • Shade • Training • Recognizing heat illness symptoms • Contacting emergency medical services • Providing clear and precise directions

25. 534-HELP 911 (land line)

26. About 80% of skin damage cause by exposure to the sun occurs before the age of 18? FALSE Union Tribune, 6/23/09

28. Who doesn’t need to wear sunscreen everyday? • Children under the age of 4 • Anyone wearing sun protective clothing • All of the above • African-American and people with dark pigmented skin • None of the above Union Tribune, 6/23/09

29. Who doesn’t need to wear sunscreen everyday? • African-American and people with dark pigmented skin • Children under the age of 4 • Anyone wearing sun protective clothing • All of the above • None of the above Union Tribune, 6/23/09

30. How much sunscreen should you use? 1 ounce…..enough to fill a shot glass

31. Basal Cell Carcinoma • Affects 800,000 Americans each year • Common on exposed parts of the body • Common cancer in fair-skinned people

33. Squamous Cell Carcinoma • Second most common skin cancer • Afflicts 100,000 people/year • Arises from the epidermis and can metastasize • Tumor appears in sun-exposed areas • May be inherited

35. Melanoma • Most serious form of skin cancer • 42,000 new cases reported to ACS • Early stages, almost 100% curable • Advance stages, can be deadly • Malignant tumor originates in melanocytes (four types) • Heavily concentrates in moles

37. Ways to Reduce Risk of Skin Cancer • Wear Protective Clothing • Wear Hats with Wide-brimmed • Use Sunscreen on Exposed Skin (>SPF 15) • Avoid Midday Sun Exposure (10am-4pm) • Avoid Artificial UVR Sources • Be Aware of Photosensitizing Medications • Perform Skin Examination Each Month

38. How much more UVB-absorbing ability does an SPF 30 sunscreen offer than an SPF 15 sunscreen? • Twice as much • Fifteen times as much • Thirty times as much • Four percent more • Fifteen percent more Union Tribune, 6/23/09

39. How much more UVB-absorbing ability does an SPF 30 sunscreen offer than an SPF 15 sunscreen? • Twice as much • Fifteen times as much • Thirty times as much • Four percent more • Fifteen percent more Union Tribune, 6/23/09

41. Perform Monthly Skin Check monthly

42. Sunscreen Protection Factor • Use products with SPF 15 or higher,that block UVA and UVB (titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, or avobenzone) • Shake container well • Apply generously and evenly (Ears too!) • Apply 20 minutes before sun exposure • Reapply every two hours or when wet • Use sunscreen even on cloudy & cool days

43. Poikiloderma

44. What’s one of the most important body parts that needs sun protection?

45. Eye Protection • UVB contributes to cataracts, vision-clouding clumps in the lens of the eye • Wear sunglasses with labels meeting ANSI (95% UVB, 60% UVA) • Choose large-frame wraparound style

46. In Conclusion: Heat Related Illnesses are Preventable Recognize early warning signs and take proactive action Skin Cancer Is Preventable Take Care of Your Skin by Using Good Skin Care Methods and Products EVERYDAY

47. References American Academy of Dermatology, Skin Cancer-An Undeclared Epidemic, 1994 National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement, Sunlight, Ultraviolet Radiation, and the Skin, 1989 Ferrini R., Perlman M, Hill L. Skin Protection from Ultraviolet Light Exposure American College of Preventive Medicine Practice Policy Statement Consumer Reports, July 2000 The Skin Cancer Foundation: http://www.skincancer.org Cal/OSHA Reporter, June 14, 2002 & July 6 and 29, 2007 http://www.dir.ca.gov/DOSH/HeatIllnessInfo.html http://www.webmd.com/melanoma-skin-cancer/

48. Any Questions???