Mixing and Flow Control in High-speed Combustors

1. Mixing andFlow Control inHigh-speed Combustors Presented by: Conyers Nelson Computer Science Ysidro Alfaro Electrical Engineering MESA Program, San Diego City College November 2012

2. Background • 1 week “train-the-trainer” academy for understanding “what is research?” • Hosted at San Diego State University – July 2012 • Led by 3 graduate research students • 20 MESA student participants (10 each from City College and Southwestern College) • Trained on research process • Learned about available research opportunities • Conducted 3-day “investigative shadow” in teams • Funded by California Space Grant Consortium

3. What is Research?

4. Research actually is… Research is an investigation of an idea using a scientific, engineering, or research method.

6. 1 - Identify and develop your topic Mix Flow Control in High Speed Combustors

7. 2 - Literature Survey Finding definition of concepts • Mach and Froude numbers Mach number is the speed of velocity/speed of sound Froude number is the velocity of water/speed of the gravity of the wave • Shallow water Theory: Analogy between shallow water and compressible gas • Hydraulic jump Supercritical and Subcritical (Fast moving) (slow moving)

8. Hydraulic Jump Supercritical and Subcritical

9. 3 - Set goals • Discover how objects act in shallow water • Find the correlation between Froude number and Mach number • Help engineers who test wings Fuel efficiency of an aircraft The wing expansion The shape of the noise of the plane

10. 4 - Theoretical method Shallow water theory analogy: This is the analogy between shallow water and compressible gasses. Note: The water is an substitute for compressible gas By using water it saves time. Conducting this same experiment using a wind tunnel it would take ½ of a day. Water is cost efficient and take only 10 minutes.

11. 3 Governing Equations • Conservation Law of Mass-What size of mass goes in, the same sizes comes out. • Conservation Law of Energy- Amount of energy that goes in, the same amount comes out. • Conservation Law of Momentum- Amount of momentum/force that goes in, the same amount goes out,

12. 5 - Experimental method

13. http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=3P3DzWjszFMhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=3P3DzWjszFM

14. manufacturing • Design Was created by Daniel Nelson, a graduate student at SDSU, studying fluid mechanics • Get the pieces The projected was awarded a $1,200 grant to purchase materials. • Build

15. SolidWorks Engineering Computer Program

16. Research experience

17. Using cool machines

18. Research opportunities

19. San Diego State University (SDSU) Scholarships for Undergraduate Student Participationin Computational Science and EngineeringResearch Program Available to assist academically talented, financially needy students to explore opportunities for computational modeling and simulation research in science and engineering disciplines. Funded by National Science Foundation.

20. SDSU (continued) Minority Access to Research Careers (MARC) The Minority Access to Research Careers (MARC) Honors Undergraduate Research Training Program was recently awarded to San Diego State University from the National Institutes of Health. Students who are selected as trainees can receive three-quarter tuition and a monthly stipend of $913 Contact: Thelma Chavez

21. SDSU (continued) Minority Biomedical Research Support (MBRS) Is an intensive undergraduate research training program which prepares students for direct entry into STEM • Year-round financial assistance for your research development. Undergraduates are paid 15 hours/week during the academic semesters, and up to 30-40 hours/week over the summer (depending on the budget) • Year round research and academic mentoring • Connection to graduate program and other research opportunities Contact: Michelle Lopez

22. SDSU (continued) McNair Scholars Program • In 1976, at the age of 26, he earned his Ph.D. in laser physics • Ronald E. McNair was the second African American to fly in space. • He was killed instantly when the Challenger exploded one minute, thirteen seconds after it was launched. • Program is an innovative program that prepares talented students in the pursuit of doctoral study and careers in higher education. Contact: Veronica Bejar

23. University of California, San Diego (UCSD) • AMGEN Scholars ProgramThe program supports summer research for thirty undergraduates majoring in fields related to biotechnology, including: microbiology, bioengineering, biochemistry, neuroscience, and molecular genetics. • Faculty Mentor ProgramThe Faculty Mentor Program offers research experience to all junior or seniors who have the desire to prepare for graduate or professional school.

24. UCSD (continued) • CAMP Science ProgramThe UCSD California Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation (CAMP) in Science, Engineering and Mathematics program provides support and advancement opportunities to ethnically underrepresented (African American, Mexican American, Latino, American Indian, Alaskan Native, or Native Pacific Islander) students who are seeking bachelor's degrees in chemistry, physics, cognitive science, biology, other sciences, mathematics, engineering and technology. • Health & Medical Professions Preparation ProgramThe UCSD Health and Medical Professions Preparation Program (HMP3) provides undergraduates with enriching experiences that will enhance their preparation for admission into professional school in the medical and other health professions. • McNair ProgramThe McNair Program provides low-income, first-generation college students, and students from groups underrepresented in graduate education, with effective preparation for doctoral study.

25. UCSD (continued) • MARC Scholars ProgramThe Minority Access to Research Careers (MARC) Program is designed to train and prepare highly qualified underrepresented minority undergraduate students in the biosciences for entry into graduate school.   • Summer Research ProgramThe UCSD Summer Research Program is an eight-week, full-time research experience for undergraduates. • UCSD Undergraduate Research ConferenceHeld each May, the UCSD Annual Undergraduate Research Conference recognizes outstanding scholarly work produced by UCSD undergraduates. • UCSD Undergraduate Research ScholarshipAll UCSD undergraduates in any major are eligible to apply.

26. University of San Diego (USD) • Summer Undergraduate Research Experience (SURE)provides funds to USD undergraduates to conduct summer research with a USD faculty mentor. • Pre-Undergraduate Research Experience (PURE)offers summer research opportunities to San Diego high school students who will begin classes at USD in the fall and who may be the first in their families to pursue a college education. • Honors Programoffers a four-year interdisciplinary curriculum integrated with a student's major and engages the students in sustained independent work through original research projects as a focus of a senior independent study project.

27. USD (continued) • Community Service-Learningoffers course-based service-learning courses that incorporate community partnerships which can also include research and internship opportunities. • McNair Scholarsare partnered with faculty mentors in their discipline, formulate a research plan, and receive stipends to support their research projects. • Hayes Scholarship/Fellowship provides funding to support research in the sciences. • Independent studyallows students to conduct research on a topic of interest by enrolling in an independent study course. In addition, research can be conducted as part of an international study course

28. Personal Reflections

29. Available Research Academy Training Materials • Research Process (PowerPoint) • The Craft of Research (Text) • How to Give a Research Presentation (PowerPoint) • Training Handout (PDF) • Error Analysis (PDF) • Tips for Charts and Graphs (PDF) • Presentation Rubric (PDF) • Did you ask a good question today?" (PDF) For more information, visit MESA Program website: www.sdcity.edu/mesa (see “Announcements”)

30. Acknowledgements

31. Questions?