1 / 58

The Medieval Period (Pg 22)

The Medieval Period (Pg 22). 1066-1485 1066-Norman Conquest—William the Conqueror defeats Harold at Hastings, becomes king of England Medieval Period—Middle ages. Feudalism.

halil
Download Presentation

The Medieval Period (Pg 22)

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. The Medieval Period (Pg 22) 1066-1485 1066-Norman Conquest—William the Conqueror defeats Harold at Hastings, becomes king of England Medieval Period—Middle ages

  2. Feudalism • William introduced feudalism—a political and economic system in which the hierarchy of power was based on the premise that the king owned all the land in the kingdom. • ¼ for King; ¼ for church; ½ to nobles or barons who supplied the king with warriors called knights

  3. Serfs • Conquered Anglo-Saxons that were bound to the land they could not own • Did not speak French, the language of the nobles • Spoke a mixture of French and English known as Middle English that adapted into the language we speak today

  4. --Economics--DOMESDAY BOOK • 1085—For tax purposes, William ordered the compilation of a detailed survey of the land and population of England • A modern day Census • Translates to “day of judgment”

  5. --Sociology—Women’s Rights • A woman’s status was based on her husband or father’s position in society • She held husband’s rank • Remained subservient to the husband • Men maintained all the property and wealth • Women ran the house, sewed, weaved, cooked

  6. --Architecture—CATHEDRALS • Romanesque—Massive, richly decorated • Took decades or centuries to build • Built in gratitude to God • Built as acts of penitence • Built along pilgrimage routes • Churches became the most corrupt institution of the Medieval Period

  7. --History—THE CRUSADES • 1096-1270 • The Christian response to the expansion of Islam into the holy land of Jerusalem • 8 major expeditions • For the Knights these were part Holy War, part pilgrimage, and sometimes profitable

  8. --History—THE CRUSADES The Children’s Crusades of 1212 • Legend has it that a boy was visited by Jesus and told to convert the Muslims to Christianity • He gained a following of 30,000 children who followed him towards the Holy Land • The waters of the Marseilles would not part and the children were sold into slavery

  9. Literary History • Common folk relied on oral tradition to tell stories • Ballads—Brief narrative poems sung to musical accompaniment • Mystery and Miracle Plays—which dramatized episodes from the Bible and from saint’s lives • Morality Plays—Taught moral lessons

  10. --Law—PARLIAMENT • Edward I--The king’s Great Council • Meeting place or talking place for nobles, knights and clergy • Became a representation for townships akin to the democratic process we use

  11. King Henry II • Sent four loyal knights to murder Thomas a’ Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury • Reformed the judicial system • Established a system of juries • Initiated English common laws • Becket quickly became a saint, his shrine a popular pilgrimage destination

  12. How to Become a Saint • You have to be close to God • Help the poor • Be good and kind to people when you are alive • Perform two miracles after you have passed away.

  13. King Henry II • His wife brought the ideas of chivalry, a code of honor among knights • The code encouraged knights to protect ladies and go on holy quests (Crusades) • His son was Richard I, called “Richard the Lion-Hearted” • Richard fought in the crusades, his brother John plotted against him (Robin Hood)

  14. Decline of Feudalism • Growth of towns and population of commoners • Increase in trade due to Crusades • Guilds formed to stabilize prices and set rules for advancement of craftsmen pg 24

  15. Plague • Crowding and poor sanitation • Rats and fleas imported from cargo ships • Black Death (Bubonic Plague) killed a third of England’s population in 1300’s • “Bring out your dead!”

  16. Plague Rap • Ring around the rosie- ring-like sores that formed on people's skin.Pockets full of posies- Flowers that were stuffed into pockets to ward off the stenchAshes, ashes, we all fall down- ashes alludes to the funeral pyres ashes and the falling down was everybody dying

  17. Romances • Tales of chivalric knights, many featured King Arthur and his round table • Sir Gawain and the Green Knight • Le Morte d’Arthur (The death of Arthur) by Sir Thomas Malory

  18. Geoffrey Chaucerpg 106 • 1340?-1400 • The “Father of English Literature” • “Chaucer” is French for shoemaker • 1357—Became an attendant for the Prince’s wife • 1359—French POW in 100 yr war, ransomed by the court

  19. Geoffrey Chaucer • As the King’s messenger, he traveled to Italy (Dante) and France (The Romance of the Rose) • The Parliament of Fowls—commemorated the wedding of Richard II • 1386—Became a Knight • King Henry IV took over but Chaucer remained in the court

  20. Geoffrey Chaucer • 1400—Died; (possibly from the Plague) Buried in London’s Westminster Abbey (Poet’s Corner—John Dryden, Tennyson, Robert Browning) • Did not complete all the Canterbury Tales

  21. The Canterbury Tales • 1387—A collection of verse and prose tales told by pilgrims traveling to Canterbury to see the shrine of Saint Thomas a’ Becket • Unfinished at the time of Chaucer’s death • Chaucer portrayed himself in the tale as a short, plump pilgrim

  22. The Prologue(Introduction) Vocabulary words • accrue, agility, courtliness, defer, diligent, disdain, dispatch, eminent, frugal, malady, mode, personable, repine, sedately, wield

  23. The Prologue • Tone—writer’s attitude toward the work’s subject or characters (ironic, satiric, humorous…) • Characterization—the means by which a writer develops a character’s personality (description, speech, thoughts, actions…)

  24. Pilgrimage • Generally began with a priest’s blessing • Wore clothing that identified them as pilgrims • Stayed in roadside hospices • Walked or road horses, roads became very muddy when wet • Could buy a small badge of cast pewter as a souvenir

  25. The Prologue • Social Diversity, a microcosm • Chaucer describes the 29 pilgrims, providing insight into the larger society • Narrative poem—more formal than most poems of the 14th century • Poetic verse form—rhymed and iambic pentameter • Opens with an apostrophe or address to spring

  26. Stop Here

  27. The Prologue • Zephyrus—Greek god of west wind • Ram—Astrology—indicates a reference to 14th century “science” • This narrative poem was directed towards the noble class, not the commoners • Setting—Begins in London (not Canterbury) • Medieval England was experiencing a warming period

  28. The Prologue • Setting—Begins across the Thames River, where, 200 years later, Shakespeare’s Globe Theater will be erected • Tabard Inn (Drum)—you beat a drum when you want people to join you • Harry Bailey is the Innkeeper • 100 miles to Canterbury • 4-day journey by horse

  29. The Prologue • Purpose of trip is as much social as religious—Spring Break • Travel in a band for safety (Brigands and Highwaymen) • Harry Bailey decrees that each pilgrim will provide 4 tales (29 X 4 =116) • Winner will get a “free” dinner • Generally, the best tales come from the worst people

  30. The Prologue • Each pilgrim is a stereotype of their profession (priests are priestly, knights are knightly…) • But some are mixed with irony • The Knight—Chivalrous, noble, returned from the Crusades • The Knight’s son—a Squire—a lady’s man • The Yeoman—an attendant to the knight

  31. The Prologue (Nun) • The Nun Prioress • Madam Eglantyne • Speaks French • Eats delicately • Weep if she saw a mouse in a trap • Lap dogs that dine better than the population • Fine features (a broad forehead)

  32. The Prologue (pg 134-136)The HOST • Host—Harry Bailey, Innkeeper of Tabard • Description: Jovial, generous, self-confidant, wide girth • Proposes that each pilgrim share two tales on way to Canterbury, two on way back • Winner get a supper, paid by all • Offers to come along and be judge • Drew lots to decide who begins the tales

  33. The Prologue (Nun) • Forehead should have been modestly covered by a wimple, equivalent of showing legs • Broach “Love conquers all”, should say “religion conquers all” • She is a hypocrite but Chaucer only winks at her sins, Christianity is all inclusive

  34. The Prologue • Tone—detached and ironic • Tone—Harry Bailey understates the greed and hypocrisy, allows readers to draw their own conclusions • Example, The Nun Prioress: Her sexy forehead, feeding her dogs meat and milk, her broach “Amor vincit omnia” (Love conquers all)

  35. The Pardoner’s Prologue (pg 142-151) Vocabulary Words ADVERSARY, AVARICE, CASTIGATE, COVETOUSNESS, PALLOR, PARLEY, SAUNTER, TRANSCEND, VERMIN, WARY

  36. The Pardoner’s Prologue (pg 142-151) • Very honest about his dishonesty • Theme: Radix malorum est cupiditas (love of money is the root of all evil—Bible translated from Hebrew to Latin) • Avarice and cupidity—Greed (avarice is one of the seven deadly sins)

  37. The Pardoner’s Prologue • Seems contemptuous toward those to whom he preaches (ie. “They can go blackberrying, for all I care!”) • “And thus I preach against the very vice I make my living out of—avarice.” (Irony) • Verse 55—For though I am a wholly vicious man, don’t think I can’t tell moral tales. I can!” example of _____________

  38. The Pardoner’s Prologue Hypocrisy

  39. The Pardoner’s Tale (pg 144-151) • Three rowdy drunks hear a coffin bell • Tell the tavern nave to report back • Dead man was a friend of theirs (plague) • Death as a thief is an example of _______ • Verses 79-81, “Be on guard…” is an example of this literary technique_______

  40. The Pardoner’s Tale • Personification • Foreshadowing

  41. The Pardoner’s Tale • The rioters make a pact (brotherhood) that they will kill this traitor Death • Encountered an old man, the three were very disrespectful (verse 114) • Old man responds—I can’t find one who would change his youth to have my age • Verse 130—implores Mother earth to open up for him (personification)

  42. The Pardoner’s Tale • The gambler accuses the old man of collaborating with death • The old man directs the rioters to death, sitting under an oak tree • They found a pile of gold florins (coins) • Verse 178—Fortune means “Fate” • Verse 182—”our lucky day” (Irony and foreshadowing)

  43. The Pardoner’s Tale • One rioter is chosen to go to town for food • The two remaining conspire against the young man (parley—discussion) • Plotted to stab him with daggers • Young man bought poison from the apothecary (pharmacist) • Poured poison into two of the three wine bottles

  44. The Pardoner’s Tale • When the young man returned, his brothers slew him • They celebrated by drinking the poisoned wine—they perished • The Pardoner addresses the pilgrims (verse 299) • He offers to absolve their sins for a price • You may fall off your horse and break your neck—scare tactic

  45. The Wife of BathPrologue • Reread lines 455-486 of Prologue, pg 125, Introduction of Wife of Bath • A worthy woman from Bath city (a well-known health resort, mineral springs) • A seamstress, a Gold digger • 5 husbands at the church door • Well-traveled: Rome, Jerusalem… • Gap-tooth, large hips, liked to laugh

  46. The Wife of BathPrologue • This tale belongs to the Marriage Group • Also a Medieval Romance • The battle of the sexes • She cautions us about marriage

  47. The Wife of BathPrologue—Vocabulary pg 154 • Abominably, bequeath, concede, contemptuous, cosset, crone, dejected • Ecstasy, implore, maim, prowess, rebuke, statute, temporal, tribulation

  48. The Wife of Bath Prologue • setting: King Arthur’s days • A magical time of elves and fairies • Verbal irony—lines 39-56 (religion has replaced fantasy) • What was the wife of Bath’s attitude toward Friars? (incubus)

  49. The Wife of Bath Tale • A knight who was a lusty liver • Took her maidenhead (raped her) • Punishment was to be loss of head because code of chivalry was broken

  50. The Wife of Bath • Queen implored the king for leniency • Queen gave the knight a chance to live if he could answer the question • “What is the thing that women most desire?” one year and a day

More Related