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Anatomy and Physiology 2211K

Anatomy and Physiology 2211K. Lecture Four. Slide 2 –Upper and lower respiratory tract. Slide 3 - Nose. Slide 4 – Nasal septum. Slide 5 – Perpendicular plate and the vomer bone. Slide 6 – Nasal bone. Slide 7 – Frontal process of the maxillae.

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Anatomy and Physiology 2211K

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  1. Anatomy and Physiology 2211K Lecture Four

  2. Slide 2 –Upper and lower respiratory tract

  3. Slide 3 - Nose

  4. Slide 4 – Nasal septum

  5. Slide 5 – Perpendicular plate and the vomer bone

  6. Slide 6 – Nasal bone

  7. Slide 7 – Frontal process of the maxillae

  8. Slide 8 – Cartilages and adipose tissue of the nose

  9. Slide 9 – deviated septum

  10. Slide 10 – digging for gold

  11. Slide 11 – Nasal polyps

  12. Slide 12 - Septoplasty

  13. Slide 13 – Striated muscles of the nose

  14. Slide 14 - Vestibule

  15. Slide 15 – Hard and soft palate

  16. Slide 16 – Striated muscles of the soft palate

  17. Slide 17 – Nasal concha

  18. Slide 18 – Nasal concha and cavity

  19. Slide 19 – Superior, middle and inferior meatus

  20. Slide 20 – Paranasal sinus

  21. Slide 21 - Ostiomeatal complex

  22. Slide 22 – Sphenoethmoidal recess

  23. Slide 23 – Nasal mucosa (pseudostratified ciliated epithelium)

  24. Slide 24 – Pharynx

  25. Slide 25 - Larynx

  26. Slide 26 – Vocal cords

  27. Slide 27 – Muscles of voice - lateral view Thyroarytenoid muscle Lateral cricoarytenoid Posterior cricoarytenoid Cricothyroid

  28. Slide 28 – Muscles of the larynx – caudal view Posterior cricoarytenoid Transverse arytenoid Lateral cricoarytenoid Thyroarytenoid muscle Hyoid bone

  29. Slide 29 - Phonation Phonation is defined as thevibration or sounds produced when air moved pass the vocal folds during exhalation • The length of the vocal cords can be changed by relaxing or contracting the surrounding skeletal muscles • High pitch voices are caused by the closing of the glottis whereby caused by the contraction of the muscles of the larynx • The smaller the diameter of the glottis the higher the resonant frequency (vibration caused by expelling air from the lungs) and thereby the higher the pitch • Lower pitch voice is caused by opening the glottis which is caused by the relaxation of the muscle of the larynx • The larger the diameter of the glottis the lower the resonant frequency (vibration caused by expelling air from the lungs) and thereby the lower the pitch

  30. Slide 30 - Trachea

  31. Slide 31 – Trachea and the bronchi

  32. Slide 32 – Conducting and respiratory zone

  33. Slide 33 - Asthma

  34. Slide 34 – Respiratory zone

  35. Slide 35 – Surfactant and alveolus

  36. Slide 36 – Alveolus and gas exchange

  37. Slide 37 – gas exchange

  38. Slide 38 – Hilum of the lungs

  39. Slide 39 – Bronchopulmonary segments

  40. Slide 40 – Muscles of inspiration and expiration

  41. Slide 41 – Ventilation - Inspiration

  42. Slide 42 – Ventilation - Expiration

  43. Slide 41 – Pleura of the lungs

  44. Slide 44 – Pulmonary circulation

  45. Slide 45 – Lymph vessels of the lungs

  46. Slide 46 – Carcinogen - Aflatoxin

  47. Slide 47 – Carcinogen - Benzene

  48. Slide 48 – EDB and Formaldehyde

  49. Slide 49 – Hepatitis B

  50. Slide 50 – Lung cancer

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