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Ahmed Musa, John Medrano, Virgillio Gonzalez, Cecil Thomas University of Texas at El Paso

Ahmed Musa, John Medrano, Virgillio Gonzalez, Cecil Thomas University of Texas at El Paso. Circuit Establishment in a Hybrid Optical-CDMA and WDM All-Optical Network Using the Flooding Mechanism. Mehdi Shadaram University of Texas at San Antonio. Outline.

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Ahmed Musa, John Medrano, Virgillio Gonzalez, Cecil Thomas University of Texas at El Paso

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  1. Ahmed Musa, John Medrano, Virgillio Gonzalez, Cecil ThomasUniversity of Texas at El Paso Circuit Establishment in a Hybrid Optical-CDMA and WDM All-Optical Network Using the Flooding Mechanism Mehdi ShadaramUniversity of Texas at San Antonio

  2. Outline * Introduction - A high demand on higher capacities ( Why all-optical network?)-Approaches to make the transmission medium has a scalable bandwidth (BW) capacity* Backbone network- Optical-Optical-Optical (OOO)- Optical-Electrical-Optical (OEO)* Routing Benefits and Disadvantages* Proposed routing algorithm* Routing (Setup Optimal Lightpath) Steps * Routing Implementation Using Flooding Mechanism* Example* Conclusions

  3. Introduction • A high demand on higher capacities because of • Multimedia services. • Video conferences • Internet. • Environmental remote sensing. • Medical imaging • Approaches to make the transmission medium has a scalable bandwidth (BW) capacity • Install more fiber (costly) • Exploit the BW of existing fiber using higher data rates and multiplexing techniques such as • Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM). - Coarse WDM (# of Lambdas λ’s < 10) - Dense WDM (# of λ’s > 10) • Time Division Multiplexing (TDM). • Code Division Multiplexing (CDM).

  4. Backbone network • Optical – Electrical – Optical (OEO) • Optical – Optical – Optical (OOO or Photonic NW) • Advantages • Solve the electronic equipment bottleneck • Exploit the existing network • Disadvantages - Photonic NW is a complex system ( a large number of different functions must cooperate for a network such as • transmission • Routing and Switching • Control and management • etc. Photonic networks

  5. Routing Benefits • Support services such as connection on demand • Enriches the service level agreement (SLA) by supporting (Protection and Restoration). • Improves bandwidth (BW) efficiency and source utilization of the network. Routing disadvantages • Intractable problem (NP-Complete). Therefore, assumptions and heuristics are used to reduce the process complexity. • Upgrading the Network by : • Increase bit rate from 2.5 up to 160 Gb/s • #of wavelength up to 256 • Narrowing the channel spacing • Is significantly affected by Routing Algorithm due to Physical impairments

  6. Table 2: Optical Linear and Non-linear Impairments

  7. Routing algorithm flow diagram

  8. Proposed routing algorithm • Used Optical CDM and WDM to label the optical signal • Takes into account the physical impairments existing in NW • Set up the lightpath based on calculating the cost of all possible paths from ingress to egress node. Routing (Setup Optimal Lightpath) Steps • First Step :- Calculate the fiber metrics. • Second Step :- Calculate switch metrics. • Third Step :- Apply Viterbi algorithm on each close loop from the source to destination to select the minimum metric.

  9. I/P Metric O/P Metric Link merits (L) :- Attenuation  Dispersion D Where , and  is a function of Attenuation  and Dispersion D Fiber metrics Where N is the normalization factor

  10. Wavelengths are selected based on ITU-T G.692 WDM grid

  11. Routing Implementation Using Flooding Mechanism (1) The forward signaling procedure (2) The backward signaling procedure. (3) The clearance procedure

  12. Calculate Switch Metrics

  13. Data start brusted through using the selected path (A B C)

  14. Network Model and Bisectional Bandwidth

  15. λ1C1 λ1C2 λ2C1 λ2C2 λ1C1 λ1C2 λ2C1 λ2C2 λ1 λ2 Network Characteristics and Switch Metrics Fiber Lengths : distance (Switch A, Switch B) = 30 km distance (Switch A, Switch C) = 20 km distance (Switch B, Switch C) = 25 km distance (Switch B, Switch D) = 15 km distance (Switch C, Switch D) = 20 km Switch Metrics Matrix for 2 wavelengths x 2 codes

  16. 60% 50% 40% Blocking Probability 30% Blocking due to entry port 20% Blocking due to NW resources 10% 0% 0 5 10 15 20 Traffic Load (Erlangs) Blocking probability of NW (2 wavelengths and 2 codes) at different traffic load

  17. Blocking probability due to NW resources (2 wavelengths and 2 codes) at different traffic load

  18. Conclusions • This algorithm help improving the NW Performance. • Flooding mechanism is used to set up the path (used in the control plane of the network independent of the information path. • Flooding mechanism is emulated in in the network manager.

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