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Correlation between sunspot numbers and EUV irradiance as observed by LYRA on PROBA2

Correlation between sunspot numbers and EUV irradiance as observed by LYRA on PROBA2 Ingolf . E. Dammasch & Laure Lefevre, ROB. SIDC Seminar, Brussels, 10 Jul 2013. PROBA2. ESA’s “PRoject for On-Board Autonomy” Belgian microsatellite in Sun-synchronous orbit 725 km altitude

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Correlation between sunspot numbers and EUV irradiance as observed by LYRA on PROBA2

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  1. Correlation between sunspot numbers and EUV irradiance as observed by LYRA on PROBA2 Ingolf. E. Dammasch & Laure Lefevre, ROB SIDC Seminar, Brussels, 10 Jul 2013

  2. PROBA2 • ESA’s “PRoject for On-Board Autonomy” • Belgian microsatellite in Sun-synchronous orbit • 725 km altitude • Launched 02 Nov 2009 • Nominal operations since March 2010 • Technology and science mission • 4 innovative instruments and 17 technological experiments for in-orbit demonstration • Among them the EUV imager SWAP and the radiometer LYRA

  3. LYRA • “Large-Yield RAdiometer” • 3 instrument units (redundancy) • 4 spectral channels per head • 3 types of detectors, Silicon + 2 types of diamond detectors (MSM, PIN): radiation resistant, insensitive to visible light as compared to Si detectors

  4. LYRA Channels • Redundancy with different types of detectors: • Channel 1 (Lyman-alpha) 120-123nm • Channel 2 (Herzberg) 190-222nm • Channel 3 (Aluminium) 17-80nm + <5nm • Channel 4 (Zirconium) 6-20nm + <2nm

  5. Instrument Artefacts • Data gaps • Satellite rotations • Occultations by Earth atmosphere • Off-pointings • Temperature variations • Switch on/off

  6. GOES vs. LYRA Proxies • Manually select significant minimum per day • Calculate proxy with simple linear formula

  7. 3 ½ Years of Solar Development (initially a by-product of the daily significant minimum)

  8. … also observed by SWAP and SDO/EVE

  9. Another Instrument Artefact • Spectral degradation (drastic above 19nm): • Channel 2-3 lost 93% of its initial response • Channel 2-4 lost 44% of its initial response

  10. Comparing • LYRA channel 2-3 • LYRA channel 2-4 • GOES 0.1-0.8nm • Daily sunspot number

  11. Comparing • LYRA channel 2-3 • LYRA channel 2-4 • GOES 0.1-0.8nm • Daily sunspot number

  12. Comparing • Another idea: • Compare these… • LYRA channel 2-3 • LYRA channel 2-4 • GOES 0.1-0.8nm • Daily sunspot number • … to flare indices

  13. Comparing • Example: • Maximum flare strength and … • LYRA channel 2-3 • LYRA channel 2-4 • GOES 0.1-0.8nm • Daily sunspot number

  14. …now for Laure’s part…

  15. DATA USED • GOES • F10.7 (Penticton) • CaIIK (SFO) • Lyra4 • Lyra3 • TSI (Virgo / PMOD) • Facular Area (SFO) • Sunspot Area (SFO) • Sunspot Numbers (from SIDC)

  16. Cross Correlations ISSN VS. all

  17. Cross correlation Lyra3 vs. ISSN

  18. Cross correlation Lyra4 vs. ISSN

  19. Similarity map

  20. Theoretical temperature components of Lyra channels 3 and 4

  21. WHERE DOES WHAT COME FROM ? Lyra 4 Lyra 3 CHROMOSPHERE PHOTOSPHERE CORONA Vernazza et al., 1981

  22. Now what does this mean ? • GOES • F10.7 • HeI • CaIIK • MgII • Lyman α • TSI • Facular Area • Sunspot Area CORONA Soft X-rays TRANS. Lyra 4 ? Lyra 3 ? CHROM. EUV PHOTOS. Visible Dudok de Wit, T. (2007)

  23. Shorter timescales (< 81 days)

  24. 2010 TIME 2011 2012-2013

  25. Longer timescales (> 81 days)

  26. Now what about the long-term evolution of the instrument ? 2010 TIME 2011 2012-2013

  27. THE BEGINNING

  28. 2010 TIME 2011 2012-2013

  29. Singular Value Decomposition : How does it work ? F107 Coordinates of F107 on all n axes Ri n : number of variables m : time length gives n different axes S gives the amount of variance

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