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Imperatives and Vocatives. How to tell people what to do and make sure they know you’re talking to them. Marcus dormit . Marcus dormit . Marcus prope arborem dormit . Marce ! noli dormire !. Marce ! surge!. Marcus surgit . Marcus surgit . Lucius quoque dormit .
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Imperatives and Vocatives How to tell people what to do and make sure they know you’re talking to them.
To make a singular imperative (command):Infinitive – “re”e.g. laborare – “re”= labora!e.g. docēre – “re”= doce!e.g. surgere – “re”= surge! e.g. dormire – “re”= dormi!
To make a plural imperative (command):Singular Command + “te”e.g. labora + “te”= laborate!e.g. doce + “te”= docete!e.g. surge + “te”= surgite! e.g. dormi + “te”= dormite!
Negative Commands:“noli” = “don’t” singular“nolite” = “don’t” pluralAdd an infinitive to make the command:e.g. nolidormire = “don’t sleep”e.g. nolitepetere = “don’t attack”
Vocative:To get someone’s attention.All nouns use the nominative formexcept 2nd Declension SingularSo…If the noun ends in “-us” then replace it with “-e”If the noun ends in “-ius” thenremove the “-us”
Vocative:e.g. Marcus – “us” + “e”= Marcee.g. Lucius – “us” = Lucias in “heus, Marce, da mihicibum!”or “heus, Luci, da mihipecuniam!”
