Dr. APJ ABDUL KALAM

1. Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam www.presidentofindia.nic.in “NEW DIMENSIONS OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR OUR NATION” EVENING LECTURE BY Dr. APJ ABDUL KALAM AT 91st INDIAN SCIENCE CONGRESS CHANDIGARH, INDIA 05 JANUARY 2004

2. EMERGING INDIA DEVELOPED INDIA SECOND VISION: DEVELOPED INDIA • SELF SUFFICIENCY IN FOOD • IMPROVED STANDARD OF LIVING PROSPERITY FIRST VISION: INDEPENDENT INDIA • ECONOMIC GROWTH >10 % GDP • NEAR ZERO POVERTY LEVEL • NEAR 100 % LITERACY • SELF RELIANCE IN CRITICAL SECTORS INDEPENDENT INDIA FIRST INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENT 1857 1947 1997 2020 19th CENTURY 20th CENTURY 21st CENTURY www.presidentofindia.nic.in

3. INDIA’S POSITION IN THE WORLD ECONOMIC SCENARIO GDP GROWTH RATE - 2003 10 8.4 3.5 1.5 1.3 INDIA CHINA USA GERMANY JAPAN FE RESERVE >100 BILLION $ www.presidentofindia.nic.in

4. INTEGRATED ACTIONS FOR DEVELOPED INDIA PURA Key to Employability Crucial for all sectors Infrastructure including Electric Power Agriculture & Agro-Food Processing Food Security River Networking Nutritional Security Massive Employment Information and Communication Technology Population control Education & Health Care Export Earnings Social Security Reaching the whole nation Employment & Value addition Critical Technologies & Strategic Industries I M P A C T Technology Strengths Towards 2020 Indicators Present GDP Growth rate Self Reliance Economic Security >10% >5% People below Poverty line 26% ~ 0% Happy & Healthy Society, Economic Strength and National Security Science & Technology is the KEY www.presidentofindia.nic.in

5. GREEN REVOLUTION - II SEED FERTILISERS WATER MANAGEMENT TRAINING FARMERS CULTIVATION MANAGEMENT HARVEST & POST HARVEST OUTPUT = GRAIN (200 MILLION TONNES) SECOND FIRST SOIL CHARACTERISATION MATCHINGTHE SEED FERTILISER MANAGEMENT (Organic Farming) WATER MANAGEMENT Drip irrigation: Halving water Consumption IRS-1 TRAINING CULTIVATION POSTHARVESTING (SILOS) OUTPUT = 400 MT GRAINS FOOD PROCESSING ( Value Addition ) RP-5 Bihar MARKETING 1960-70 2004-2020 www.presidentofindia.nic.in

6. HEALTH CARE VISION 2020 CORE TECHNOLOGIES • YEAR 2020 • NUTRITIONALSECURITY • HYGIENE ANDSANITATION • HEALTH FOR ALL • CUSTOMIZED MEDICARE • GLOBAL HUB OF HOSPITALS • DISEASES • HIV / AIDS • TB • WATER BORNE DISEASES • CANCER • OPTHALMIC • NERVOUS DISORDER • CARDIO VASCULAR 2004 • VACCINES • USE OF NATURAL PRODUCTS (BIODIVERSITY) • GENOMICS • STEM CELLS • BIO SENSORS • RAPID DIAGNOSTICS • ROBO SURGERY • BIO INFORMATICS PHARMA INDUSTRY Sales: US$ 75 bn FIRST IN VOLUME & VALUE PHARMA INDUSTRY Sales: US$ 7.1 bn 4TH IN VOLUME & 13TH IN VALUE INFRASTRUCTURE FOR INDIGENOUS PRODUCTION OF EQUIPMENT & DEVICES www.presidentofindia.nic.in

7. FOCUSED AREAS OF RESEARCH IN BIOTECHNOLOGY • Gene Therapy • Genetic Modifiers • Drugs designed for individuals • Nano medicine • Develop a living cell • DNA repair • Stem Cells • Drug delivery Nano robots • Tissue culture (Liver, Kidney etc.) BIO-CHIP Edible vaccine Nano injector DNA Repair Machine Medical Nano bots Artery cleaner Drug delivery system - Nano Robots www.presidentofindia.nic.in

8. STEM CELLS Liver Bone Brain CNS stem cells Skeletal muscle Bone marrow Blood cell Bone marrow stromal cell Blood vessel Epithelial cell Fat cell Cardiac muscle Neuron Glial cell PETRI DISH • UNSPECIALISED CELLS RENEW THEMSELVES THROUGH CELL DIVISIONS • UNDER SPL. CONDITIONS, CELLS CAN BE INDUCED FOR SPECIAL FUNCTIONS BLASTOCYST EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS ADULT STEM CELLS • REPAIR OF DAMAGED HEART MUSCLE • RESTORATION OF VISION • TREATMENT OF DIABETES, CANCER, • PARKINSON’S DISEASE & MENTALLY • CHALLENGED HARDENED HEART MUSCLE RETINAL DAMAGE, GLAUCOMA www.presidentofindia.nic.in

9. India’s Energy need 2003 2020 108 GW 300 GW www.presidentofindia.nic.in

10. WATER FOR FUTURE GENERATIONS S O L U T I O N S REGIONAL LOCAL CREATE NEW SOURCES REDISTRIBUTE WATER ECONOMIZE RECYCLE NETWORK RIVERS SEAWATER DESALINATION USING SOLAR ENERGY RAINWATER HARVESTING DEDICATED SATELLITE CONSTELLATIONRLVs, SSP, SWRO PLANTS 2004 Source : TWAS - 2002 www.presidentofindia.nic.in

11. Interlinking of Rivers Technologies meet to make the rivers meet • Increased Cultivation Land (25%) • Increased Power Generation (35GW) • Flood & Draught Control • Drinking Water Availability • Employment Potential in the above areas • Environmental Improvements (15%) • Integration of nation Interlinking of Brahmaputra-Mahanadi-Godavari-Krishna-Cauvery rivers Interlinking of west flowing rivers, north of Bombay and south of Tapi. Interlinking of Ken- Chambal Rivers. Diversion of other west flowing rivers. www.presidentofindia.nic.in

12. PROGRAMME FOR URBAN AMENITIES IN RURAL AREAS : PURA Bus Physical Connectivity • Enables movement of people and goods • Improves access to schools and health care centers • Reduces investment in distribution of power, water and communication network Transport Fuelling Station • Ring Road • Rail connectivity • Public infrastructure Railway Network School Primary Health Centres Power To Nearest City www.presidentofindia.nic.in

13. PURA – Electronic Connectivity Establishing Electronic connectivity – through broadband/Fiber/Satellite/Wireless/Leased Line Tele-Education Tele-Medicine • Satellite link • Wireless connectivity • Fiber connectivity • Public Call Offices (STD/ISD/ISDN) • Leased Line Connectivity A Nodal Village - PURA Village City • Village Internet Kiosks • e-Government Access • e-Market Access • Tele-Training on Farming • e-Banking • ATM Centers • For Villagers / Farmers Public Call Office - PCO www.presidentofindia.nic.in

14. PURA – Knowledge Connectivity Knowledge oriented approach to knowledge enable Village life Tele-Education Tele-Medicine Proactive Health Care Educate Students/Farmers/workers • Schools /Hospitals • Vocational Training • Knowledge Training • IRS Imagery for • - Land & Crop Mgmt • - Water Mgmt • - Forest Mgmt • - Environment • Proactive Health care • Coop. Product Mktg. IRS Imagery Bio-Solids Recycling Water/Forest/Environment Management Land/Crop Management www.presidentofindia.nic.in

15. PURA Bus Solar power Economic Connectivity • Small Scale Industries • Agro Industries • Ware House • Micro Power plants • Renewable energies • Village Markets • Entrepreneurship • Employment Opportunities • Value System – • Economic Strength • Women Empowerment • Urban Decongestion • Improved Quality of • Life • Increased purchase • power warehouse Wind power Biogas Power Agro Industry To Nearest City Transport www.presidentofindia.nic.in

16. PURA – A Technological Challenge for Sustainable Rural Development • Telecom • Internet • e-Governance • Tele-medicine • Tele-education • Ring Road • Rail • Public Infrastructure • Mobile clinic PHYSICAL CONNECTIVITY PURA ECONOMIC CONNECTIVITY ELECTRONIC CONNECTIVITY • Warehouse • Agro Industries • Markets • Hospital • Micro Power plant KNOWLEDGE CONNECTIVITY • Enlightened Citizenship • Moral Leadership • Schools / Hospitals • IRS Imagery for • - Land & Crop Mgmt. • - Water Mgmt. • - Forest Mgmt. • - Environment • Proactive Health care • Coop. Product Mktg. JOINT PRIVATE – PUBLIC EMPOWERED BODIES • 10-15 Village Clusters • 100 Crore investment • Business Proposition • Employment for 3000 persons • Beneficiaries: 30,000 people www.presidentofindia.nic.in

17. US $ 150 Billion 150 IT MARKET TREND & NEEDS • Indian MNC • Hardware- Chip Designers of the world • Educators of the world • Entertainment • E-Governance –Strong Domestic Market • Wireless • Scientific Software • Information Security US$ Billions Projections for a Developed India 80 CURRENT Domestic Market (H/w, S/w) IT Exports (H/w, S/w) 8 1 1995-96 1997-98 1998-99 2000-01 2001-02 2010 www.presidentofindia.nic.in

18. KNOWLEDGE POWERED SOCIETY WEALTH GENERATION SOCIETAL TRANSFORMATION • Employment Gen. • High Productivity • High Indl. Growth • Empowerment of Weaker Sections • Networked and Transparent Society • Rural Prosperity • Tele Education • Tele Medicine • E-Governance • Native Knowledge Products • Environment & Ecology • Agriculture Productivity • TECHNOLOGY • IT & Commn. • Biotechnology • Aerospace Tech. • Smart Materials • Ocean • Related to Service Sector NATION’S SECURITY • Intelligent & Autonomous Weapons • Knowledge Sensors • S/w dominated High Tech. products • Info Warfare • Dominant Battlefield Knowledge • Knowledge based Systems & Products www.presidentofindia.nic.in

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21. POSSIBLE AEROSPACE MISSIONS(2030 – 2103) WITH MULTI NATIONAL PARTNERSHIP UNMANNED COMBAT AIR VEHICLE SOLAR POWER SATELLITE SPACE COLONY SPACE COLONY AT LIBERATION POINT • SPACE TOURISM • INTER PLANETORY TRAVEL EXPLORE LIVING ORGANISMS AND ESTABLISH HABITAT IN PLANETS IN OTHER SOLAR SYSTEMS 3rd GEN. REUSABLE LAUNCH VEHICLES HYPERPLANE 2ND GEN. HYPERSONIC VEHICLE MINING IN PLANETS 2050 2030 2103 www.presidentofindia.nic.in

22. Development & Leadership-Connectivity Economic Strength, Competitiveness, Knowledge Power & Technology Return on Investment, Revenues, Scalability & Deploy ability, Quality & Value Employee Productivity, Loyalty & Satisfaction, Working Environment Effective Governance & Empowered Management Creative Leadership Developed India “Creative leadership is exercising the vision to change the traditional roles from commander to coach, from manager to mentor, from director to delegator and from one who demands respect to one who facilitates self respect.” www.presidentofindia.nic.in

23. VISION, MISSION & GOALS DESIRED GOALS CORE STRENGTHS TECHNOLOGY GENERATORS TECHNOLOGY VISION 2020 • NATURAL RESOURCES • Vast Coastline • Minerals • Biodiversity Food, Health &Social Security MISSION PROJECTS Value Addition C I V I L I S A T I O N A L H E R I TA G E DEVELOPED INDIA 2020 INDIAMILLENNIUM Economic Prosperity • HUMAN RESOURCES • Traditional Knowledge • Knowledge Intensive Org. • Services KNOWLEDGE GENERATORS RIGHTFUL PLACE IN THE WORLD SELF RELIANCE MISSION Defence & Internal Security www.presidentofindia.nic.in