ELC 200 Day 6

1. ELC 200 Day 6 © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

2. Agenda • Finish discussion on Internets and Extranets • Assignment 1 graded • 5 A’s, 5 B’s, 4 C’s, 3 C’s & 2 Non Submits • Assignments requires assimilation of textbook information not regurgitation • If the questions reference a section of the text, your answer should be reflexive of the information on that page • Be consistent • Don’t tell me you selling widgets (a product) in Question 1 than say that you are a service provider in Question 4 • Answer the QUESTION and only the QUESTION! • Extra “fluff” will cost you points • When you “dance around” the question, it means you don’t know the answer and you are hoping the answer in the shovel-full of whatever it is you provided as an answer • Quiz 1 Corrected • Bonus points awarded • 10 A’s, 6 B’s, 1 C, 1 F and 1 no-take • Assignment 2 is posted • Due Oct 4 (next class) © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

3. Intranets and Extranets © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

4. The focus of this chapter is on several learning objectives • The concept, strategic significance, and technical infrastructure of intranets • How to plan for and install an intranet in the organization • The many issues, uses, and abuse of e-mail via a company’s intranet • A company’s extranet and how it links with its partners and vendors through SCM © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

5. What Is an Intranet? • An intranet delivers collaboration and coordination to employees around the clock • Communication system designed by technical staff • A network of people, not of wired machines • Focus is the message, not the media • An organization-wide software and information distribution system that applies Internet technology and standards to a closed network within the organization • Normally runs in a client/server environment and a local area network configuration • Separated from other networks by firewalls, a means of preventing unauthorized access to the company’s internal data or leaks of sensitive company information © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

6. Strategic Significance • A cost-effective way of distributing information throughout an organization • Links employees and managers around the clock and automates a lot of intra-organizational traffic • Makes it possible for a company to gain better access to its primary resource - the knowledge and experience of decision makers • Enables easier integration of processes © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

7. Applications - Human Resources • Employee handbook • Benefits information • Employee surveys • Internal/external recruiting • Candidate screening • Organization charts • Newsletters • Company calendar © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

8. Applications - Sales and Marketing • Product information • Market research • Prospecting • Managing sales contacts • Sales training © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

9. Applications - Accounting and Finance • Financial reports • Expense reports • Accounts receivable/payable processing • Asset management • Policies and procedures • Payroll © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

10. Applications - Manufacturing and Operations • Inventory control • Production schedules • Quality assurance • Part order/requisition system © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

11. Other Applications for Intranets • Real-time broadcasting of news, including medical information. • Document management to minimize unnecessary paperwork and waste of paper. • Customized application modules like a travel or document library. • Complete e-mail for interoffice and intraoffice communication. • Internal company office circulars can be routed electronically. • Bulletin board service. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

12. Other Applications for Intranets (cont’d) • Real-time chat service that electronically logs all data for record keeping. • Complete company staff, operations, and organizational chart directories. • Channel for confidential exchange of data for electronic funds transfers (EFTs) and checks. • A daily to-do list and assignments from a central desk to all connected desks. • Shared calendaring • Foreign news and financial data broadcasting (running ticker) from direct feeds. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

13. Does Every Company Need an Intranet? • A company needs an intranet for the following reasons: • When it has a large pool of information to share among hundreds of employees • <100 employees may not be cost effective • Intranets are cheap, robust, and fast. Any employee with access to an intranet can disseminate and publish information • Intranets operate across platforms • Information is available 24/7 to all employees at the click of a mouse • Information available on an intranet can be updated quickly © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

14. Intranet Design and Implementation Terms © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

15. Client/Server Basics • Client/server architecture is a versatile, message-based, modular infrastructure intended to improve usability, flexibility, interoperability, and scalability as compared to centralized, mainframe, time-sharing computing © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

16. Types of Client/Server ArchitectureTwo-Tier Architecture • Components • User system interface • Processing management • Database management © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

17. Types of Client/Server ArchitectureTwo-Tier Architecture (cont’d) • Limitations associated with two-tier model • When the number of users grows, performance deteriorates • Implementation of processing management services using vendor proprietary database procedures restricts flexibility • There is limited flexibility in moving program functionality from one server to another without manually regenerating procedural code © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

18. Two-tier Client/Server Architecture © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

19. Types of Client/Server ArchitectureThree-Tier Architecture • Middle tier is sandwiched between the user system interface client environment and the database management server environment • Middle tier manages distributed database integrity in a two-phase process • Third tier provides database management and is dedicated to data and file services • Allows different tiers to be developed in different languages • Improves performance for groups with a large number of users © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

20. Three-tier Server Architecture Design © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

21. Server PC Client PC Web Server Browser TCP/IP electronic mail Graphic and multimedia files Network File System (NFS) Internet Relay Chat (IRC) HTML authoring tools Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) Portable electronic document (PED) Technologies that Enable Intranets © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

22. Using Firewalls • Intranets can be protected from unauthorized access via firewalls • A firewallis a hardware/software security system that can be programmed to prevent unauthorized access to a company’s intranet or the Internet • Two primary types of firewalls: • Proxyis a go-between agent that acts on behalf of another • A packet filterchecks each packet at the network level and stops any packets that might be a security risk • Intranet security, properly designed by knowledgeable users and administrators, can ensure that the system is run properly © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

23. Planning an Intranet • Plan ahead • Provide justification • Build in-house or outsource • Form an intranet team • Build and test a prototype • Ensure effective maintenence © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

24. E-mail and the Intranet • E-mail is what intranets are best known for • Over 200 million in-boxes are active worldwide • E-mail is becoming smarter: It now can direct specific messages to defined folders and be a place to check voice, text, and fax messages • Intranets inherit Simple Mail Transport Protocol (SMTP) from the TCP/IP suite to operate e-mail • E-mail is a potential threat for employers • Confidentiality breaches • Legal liability • Lost productivity • Damage to company reputation • Important for a firm to create an e-mail usage policy and make sure the policy is actually implemented © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

25. Spamming and Appropriate E-mail Use • Spamming is sending unwanted advertisements or literature through e-mail or the Internet • Companies have been overwhelmed by e-mail traffic, and spam is out of control • Spot checks are no longer adequate • Trend is more toward systematic monitoring of e-mail traffic using content-monitoring software © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

26. Spamming and Appropriate E-mail Use(Cont’d) • Spamming is nearly impossible to eliminate, but solutions exist: • Blacklist the sender; obtain a spammer’s address and block any e-mail from that address • Accept e-mail only from a list of approved addresses • Look for signs of spam • Use anti-spam software • Maine Spam Law • http://janus.state.me.us/legis/statutes/10/title10sec1497.html • Federal Can Spam Law • http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/buspubs/canspam.htm © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

27. Personal Guidelines to Avoid Spam • Stop giving away your e-mail address • Do not “unsubscribe,” it only confirms your e-mail address is real • Write to the Direct Marketing Association and credit bureaus • Contact your credit card companies, credit union, and mortgage companies and tell them not to release your name, address and similar data • Contact all organizations you belong to, schools, magazines you subscribe to, airline frequent flyer programs, your long-distance telephone carrier, and just about anyone who sends you a bill • As a last resort, contact your phone company and change your listing in the phone book, or simply list your name with no address © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

28. E-mail and Privacy • Companies have been wrestling with the issue of privacy versus liability for employee’s e-mail activity • Firms must have a company policy that addresses privacy. Such a policy should state in writing: • That the company’s intranet and the networks that carry e-mail are company property, to be used for business purposes only • A clear definition of what is and what is not appropriate use • A clear message to all employees that e-mail of any kind cannot be private and that all e-mail may be monitored at any time • International email privacy law • http://www.mofo.com/news/updates/files/update02051.html © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

29. E-mail Etiquette • Sending an e-mail message to someone is one-to-one communication as if face-to-face • E-mail etiquette mistakes to avoid: • Do not write when you’re in a bad mood or angry • Read what you write carefully • Do not use sarcasm in an attempt to be clever • Stay away from using all uppercase • Place the nature of the message in the subject line • Write short e-mails, normally less than two paragraphs • Think before you send • Watch your grammar, spelling, and vernacular • Remember to send your attachment when you say you will © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

30. Blogging Practices • Four major motivators for blogging: • Maintaining community forums • Articulating ideas through writing • Airing out pent-up emotions • Documenting one’s life • https://www.blogger.com/start © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

31. Instant Messaging • Sometimes the rapid response of e-mail is not fast enough • Instant messaging (IM) is one alternative medium • IM is an electronic communication system that involves immediate correspondence between two or more users who are all online simultaneously © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

32. Extranets and SCM • Intranets are localized within a firm and move data quicker than the more widely distributed extranets • Extranets are already the backbone of the e-business future • Extranet designers at each participating company must collaborate to make sure there is a common interface with the company they are dealing with • The overall connectivity represents supply chain management • Extranet-SCM and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) • ERP facilitates integration of company-wide information systems with the potential to go across companies • The Internet allows linking the Web sites to back-end systems like ERP, offering connections to a host of external parties like vendors and suppliers © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

33. Basic Extranet Layout © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

34. Key Considerations for Extranet Installation • Identify the user(s). • List the technology components. • Specify the security requirements. • Discuss the administration of the extranet. • Understand the functions of the extranet. © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

35. Extranets and ERP • Management support of extranets are changing how organizations share internal resources and interact with the outside business world • The entire commitment should be viewed as a knowledge management asset • A “champion” represents management support. This person is: • An advocate with the ability to build company-wide support. • Sells top management on the potential of the technology. • Demonstrates how an extranet can help the company meet its revenue goals. • Extranets can be used to manage applications and tie applications into one integrated system for deriving real value © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

36. Management Implications • Intranets are tools to manage corporate intelligence • Change is closely related to employee satisfaction, and the effect of the intranet on the way employees do their jobs is important • Another management implication is the strategy for recruiting qualified technical personnel © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

37. Chapter Summary • An intranet is a network connecting a set of company clients using standard Internet protocols • Benefits of intranets include linking employees and managers around the clock; companies gain access to their primary resources; and it is the foundation for developing an enterprise-wide information system • The two types of client/server architecture are two-tier architecture and three-tier architecture • Intranets can be protected from unauthorized access via firewalls © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc

38. Chapter Summary (Cont’d) • Planning an intranet is a six-step procedure • E-mail is getting smarter • An alternative to e-mail is instant messaging • An extranet links two or more trading partners • Intranets are tools to manage corporate intelligence © 2007 Prentice-Hall, Inc