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1. bbb Kim Ebensgaard Jensen Institut for Engelsk, GermanskogRomansk, KU ProjektForskerspirer Københavnermødet d. 28/4-2019 Tilgangeihumanistiskforskning (med udgangspunkt i sprogvidenskaben)

2. Introduktion Min baggrund • Lektor i engelsksprogvidenskab med fokuspågrammatikhosInstitut for Engelsk, GermanskogRomanskpåKøbenhavnsUniversitet. • Forskningsinteresser: • Kognitivlingvistik • Korpuslingvistik • Objektområder: • Grammatiskekonstruktioner • Konstruktionerogsproglig variation • Samspilmellemgrammatiskekonstruktioner, sprogbrug, kognitionogsocialeforholdogkultur. • Sprog i “populærlitteratur” • Sprog påinternettet • Etc. • Kortlink.dk/tqax

3. Introduktion Oversigt • Myter om humaniora • Tilgange i humanistisk forskning • Rationalisme vs. empiricisme • Kvalitativ vs. kvantitativ • Nærlæsning og fjernlæsning • Digital humaniora • Eksempel fra min egen forskning

4. Myteromhumaniora • “Humanistersidderoganalysererdigte, mens de drikkerkaffeogsnakkeromFocaultogbrugerord, somingenforstår.” • “Humanioraersubjektivt, for det, somhumanisterarbejder med, kanikkemålesogvejes.” • “Humanioraerikkevidenskabeligt, for humanistisketeorieroghypoteserkanikke testes ogverificeres/falsificeres.” • “Man måikke lave komparative studier ihumaniora.” • “Humanioraervirkelighedsfjerntogkanikkebrugestilnoget.”

5. Tilgange i humanistiskforskning Rationalisme vs. empiricisme (“positivisme”) • Rationalisme: • Videnopnåsgennemræson • Videnskategorierkanværemedfødte • Empiricisme: • Videnopnåsgennemsanserne • Videnereksperientielttilegenet • Rationalismeogempiricisme i videnskaberne • Rationalistiskforskning: baseretpålogiskræsonnement • Empiriskforskning: baseretpå en elleranden form for observation af data (aka. empiri)

6. Tilgange i humanistiskforskning Rationalisme vs. empiricisme (“positivisme”) • Rationalismeogempiricisme i videnskaberne • De vådevidenskaberopfattessomempiriske • De tørrevidenskaberopfattessomrationalistiske • Detteer en simplificering. Humaniorakansagtensværeempirisk. • Eksempelfrasprogvidenskaben: hvilkeverberbrugesihjel med? • Rationalisten: “Dansk ermitmodersmål, såjegved, at ihjelbruges med XYZ” • Empirikeren: “Jegharoberveret X antaldansktalerebrugeihjelogkan se, at ihjelbruges med XYZ”.

7. Tilgange i humanistiskforskning Kvalitativogkvantitativforskning: • Kvalitativforskning: • Smådatamængder • Dydbegåendeogudtømmende • Eksempel: Analyse afretoriskestrategier i en tale af Trump • Kvantitativforskning • Store datamængder • Kvantifikation (i.e. “tælle, måleogveje”) • Eksempel: Analyse afgenerellestrategieri Trumps tweets. • Hvaderbedst?

8. Tilgange i humanistiskforskning Nær- ogfjernlæsning • Nærlæsning (aka. ‘close reading’): • Tekst-/objektnær analyse, som giver dybinsigt i forskningsobjektet • Gevinst: “samlet” dybforståelseaf hele objektet • Fjernlæsning (aka. ‘distant reading’) • Overbliksanalyseaftekst-/objekt-masse • Gevinst: overblik over objektmassenogmønstrederi • Eksempel: keyness-analyse

9. Tilgange i humanistiskforskning Digital humaniora: • Humanistiskforskning i den digitaleverden: • Data/forskningsobjekter/empiri • Digitale data (born digital): f.eks. tweets, chat, sms, online “communities”, online interaktion (f.eks. trolling), computerspil, e-mails... • Digitaliserede data: f.eks. transkriptioneraftalesprog, digitaliseringeraftrykteellerhåndskrevnetekster... • Digitaleværktøjerogmetoder • Søgemaskiner (generelleogspecialiserede) • Automatisk analyse • Datatransformationerog -visualiseringer • Statistikprogrammer • Networking ogcrowdscience • Programmering • Osv. • Humaniora v2.0?

10. WRITER Eksemplerfra min egenforskning (5) A weight was immediately lifted and there began another journey of seeing my psychiatrist regularly, cognitive behavioural therapy and trying to find the right medication. (6) I was diagnosed with anxiety and depression back in 2013, but I feel that I had been suffering with mental illness for many years before that. At the beginning of my journey I felt isolated, and although I had my family around me who understood and supported me, I didn't know anyone who was going through the same thing as me. (7) I have found since being diagnosed with depression, that sometimes the smallest (almost throwaway) comment from a friend can have a huge impact and be massively helpful - sometimes one sentence can make something click in your head and help you through your journey. (8) The journey from mental ill health to television appearance and relatively good mental health has been a long one... (9) There are many great places you can start your journey to recovery. Take that first step today. (10) A journey to recovery through art (11) My journey to recovery wasn't easy. I was faced with stigma and discrimination by so many people.   (12) The internet, and social media specifically, has been heavily influential during my eighteen month journey through a major depressive episode and PTSD. (13) ...but we just need to keep taking the positive fork in the road, away from the depression and all of the rubbish of that, and towards something positive because there's always something positive. HEALTHCARE / MENTAL HEALTH (1) I felt vulnerable to start with; yet the urge to give back and to support others through similar experiences to mine, was enough to help me overcome that. (2) I don't intend on going into the finer details in this blog about what happened to me in words, but I want to talk about how painting has helped me to come to terms with my mental illness. (3) I’ve always written poetry as a way of helping to explain things to myself. (4) In turn this helps combat some of the feelings of isolation that can be so overwhelming when you're having a bad day. Konceptualiseringaf depression påblogposteraf folk med depression om livet med depression: • Konceptualisering: Opfattelseogfremstillingafnogetiverbalisering (dvs. den made, man taler/skriver om det på) ogkognition • Data: MinDS Corpus (61 blogposter om livet med depression fra mind.org.uk iperioden 2012-2018) – 49.435 ord • Fænomener: • Leksikon – keynessog aboutness • Interaktionmellemnøgleordoggrammatiskekonstruktioner • Metaforiskefremstillingeraf depression SOCIAL LIFE SHAME (15) I want to share my experience of how a team sport like rugby has helped me through some of my personal battles with mental health and stay focused at often difficult times in my life. (16) For as long as I can remember, I have been fighting a battle with my mind. (17) ...I am a little fed up of the battle and the strength needed to battle this illness, it is so, so tiring to battle your negative thoughts every single day. HELP/ENABLEMENT WAR/BATTLE TRAVELING help X to V help X V help V helpto V ENABLING FORCE  ENABLED SITUATION [AGENT]