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France Second and Third Republics

France Second and Third Republics. French Second Republic. Revolution of 1848 King Louis Philippe abdicates throne Last French monarch Louis Napoleon (nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte) elected President of the French Second Republic. France under Napoleon III.

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France Second and Third Republics

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  1. FranceSecond and Third Republics

  2. French Second Republic • Revolution of 1848 • King Louis Philippe abdicates throne • Last French monarch • Louis Napoleon (nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte) elected President of the French Second Republic

  3. France under Napoleon III • 1851: Louis Napoleon uses military to seize complete control of government • 1852: grants universal manhood suffrage and used a plebiscite to gain support for the founding of a French empire • Plebiscite: allowing people to vote on an issue • 1852: Louis Napoleon was crowned Napoleon III • Second French Empire

  4. France under Napoleon III • Kept an extravagant court • Controlled military, police, and civil service • He could introduce legislation to the legislature • He was given power to declare war • Used plebiscite to legitimize his rule

  5. France under Napoleon III “Liberal Empire” Promoted a strong economy Railroad construction expanded Construction projects provided jobs Modernized the streets and sewage systems in Paris Legalized trade unions and gave workers the right to strike

  6. France under Napoleon III • Wanted to restore France’s military and diplomatic power • Fought against Russia in the Crimean War • Aided Sardinia against the Austrians • Important step for Italian Unification • France gained control of Algeria and territories in Southeast Asia

  7. The Franco-Prussian War Conflict between France and Prussia leads to the Franco-Prussian War France defeated (1871) Napoleon III overthrown and exiled to Britain French Second Empire collapsed

  8. Paris Commune • Loss of Franco-Prussian War resulted in anarchy in Paris • Paris Commune created • government established by political radicals and socialists to run the city of Paris separately from the rest of France • Goal: to create a democratic, proletarian government • Over 20,000 died when troops were sent in to reclaim the city

  9. The French Third Republic • 1875: Third Republic firmly established • Numerous scandals weaken the government • Failure of the Panama Canal • Dreyfus Affair

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