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Chapter 7 MEMORY

Chapter 7 MEMORY. Section 1: Three Kinds of Memory Section 2: Three Processes of Memory Section 3: Three Stages of Memory Section 4: Forgetting and Memory Improvement. HIPPOCAMPUS. “Director” of the memory system

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Chapter 7 MEMORY

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  1. Chapter 7MEMORY Section 1: Three Kinds of Memory Section 2: Three Processes of Memory Section 3: Three Stages of Memory Section 4: Forgetting and Memory Improvement

  2. Chapter 7 HIPPOCAMPUS • “Director” of the memory system • Infantile Amnesia – lack of neurons in the hippocampus prior to the age of 3 • Memories before age 3 – can happen but not likely

  3. Chapter 7 Infantile Amnesia • Age 3 – My earliest memory is my mom combing my hair on the kitchen table after I took a bath

  4. Chapter 7 My earliest memory – Age 3

  5. Chapter 7 Memory?? • Do I remember the actual event? (Episodic) • OR do I remember the picture? • Activity: Sleep Cards

  6. Chapter 7 Dan Shachter – Harvard University

  7. Section 1: Three Kinds of Memory Question: What are the three kinds of memory? THREE KINDS OF MEMORY • Episodic memory– memory of a specific event that took place in the person’s presence or through experience • Semantic memory– general knowledge that people remember • Procedural/Implicit memory– a memory that consists of the skills and procedures one has learned

  8. Chapter 7 Why Do We Remember?? • 1. It is important or emotional? • Broke my arm when I was 5 • 2. It is odd or unique • Gave a quiz in a gorilla suit • 3. It is a “First” • Riding a bike

  9. Chapter 7 Section 2 The Process of Memory

  10. Section 2: Three Processes of Memory Question: What are the three processes of memory? THREE PROCESSES OF MEMORY • Encoding– the translation of information into a form in which it can be stored • Storage– the second process of memory and is the maintenance of encoded information over a period of time • Retrieval– third process of memory; consists of locating stored information and returning it to conscious thought

  11. Chapter 7 3 Processes of Memory • 1. Encoding – getting information into storage • We encode in three basic ways • Visual – see it • Auditory – hear it • Semantic – understand it (MEANING)

  12. Chapter 7 Processes of Memory • 2. Storage • There are Three storage capacities • Sensory Memory • Short Term Memory • Long Term Memory

  13. Chapter 7 3 Processes of Memory • 3. Retrieval – getting information from storage • Retrieval Failure – cant get info out • Tip of the Tongue (TOT) • Retrieval Cues – help to remember (multiple choice)

  14. Chapter 7 Section 3 Finding Nemo – Short Term Memory Loss (STM)

  15. Chapter 7 Section 3 3 Storage Capacites • Sensory Memory – brief / 1 second • Driving to school and noticing the cars • Short Term Memory – 30 seconds • What we experience right now • Long Term Memory – infinite • Remembering some of my ties

  16. Section 3: Three Stages of Memory Question: How are the three stages of memory related to each other? • Some images held in sensory memory are transferred to short-term memory. • Information that is repeated in short-term memory can be transferred to long-term memory.

  17. Chapter 7 Remembering & Forgetting • Serial Position – remember 1st and Last • Primacy Effect – remember 1st on list • Recency Effect – remember last(most recent) on list • Activity: I am Going on A Picnic -

  18. Chapter 7 Chunking • Breaking the material into chunks to help with your memory • MTVNATONASA • MTV NATO NASA • 8675309 • 867 5309

  19. Section 4: Forgetting and Memory Improvement Question: In what ways can memory be improved? IMPROVING MEMORY • Drill and Practice – doing something over and over again (repetition) • Relating to Things One Already Knows – elaborative rehearsal • Forming Unusual Associations– making an unusual or humorous association with something else to help you recall the information

  20. Section 4: Forgetting and Memory Improvement Question: In what ways can memory be improved? IMPROVING MEMORY (continued) • Constructing Links– constructing a meaningful link between items • Using Mnemonic Devices– systems for remembering information

  21. Forgetting • P - Proactive Interference • R - Retroactive Interference • I - Inattention • M - Motivated Forgetting (Repression) • E - Elapse of Time

  22. Chapter 7 Clive Wearing

  23. Chapter 7 Leveling • Leave out details but got some of the general ideas down • Ex. Reading a story to someone and having them repeat what they heard • A game of “telephone”

  24. Amnesia • Retrograde Amnesia - can’t remember what happened before the injury • Anterograde Amnesia - can’t remember what happened After the injury • Ask For a Great College Roommate story

  25. Chapter 7 Ebbinghaus • Ebbinghaus Curve • Forget within hours and then it levels off

  26. Chapter 7 Bears & Memory I House Can STM Long Velvet How • Bears • Psychology • About • Memory • Talking • Person • Bunny • This • Keep

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