RUSSIAN

1. C RUSSIAN L T U R E SUNIL PATEL Roll NO. 47

2. INDEX • History • Culture • Demography • Population • GDP • Global Business • Import/Export • Natural Resource • Sustainable Business

3. About Russia • Capital – Moscow • Currency – Russian Ruble (€ 1 = 35.4 Rubles) • Official Language – Russian • Primarily Spoken in – Russia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Belarus • Total Speaker - 164 Million • Religion – Christianity • Contribution - Music, Sports, Science, Technology & Arts • Largest area – 17,075 (‘000 sq. Km)

4. History • The history of Russia is a history of wars, migrations of nations, occupations, takeovers and revolutions, just like any other. • The history of Russia can be broken down into 4 categories • Early Russia (Center of the Slavic territory) • Czarist Russia (Czar Ivan III known as “ Ivan the Great”) • Communist Russia ( 922 – Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) • Russia after 1991 (Mikhail Gorbachev took power & helped the soviet economy to move towards democracy) Mikhail Gorbachev Boris Yeltsin Alexander Putin

5. Culture • 75% of population leave in European Russia • One of the most populous country in the world with 150 different ethnic groups leads to lots of ethnic conflict • Each ethnic groups have its own distinctive language & culture • Some of the groups have a Christian heritage, while others are Islamic, Buddhist or Jewish • New year day is the most festive non-religious day • Many people have left the rural areas for the city • Russian’s urban & city areas are largely built by stones or concrete building and wide streets • ¾ Russian people leave in cities • 80% of people are slavs • Moscow & St. Petersburg have many beautiful museums exhibiting Russian treasures • Russians enjoy all kinds of literature, including folktales called “Skazki” • Russian orthodoxy was responsible for a Slavic alphabet called “Cyrillic”

6. Demography • World’s largest country • Located on two continent – Europe & Asia • Gigantic climate & harsh climates make transportation difficult • High, Rugged Caucasus Mountains are south of European Russia • Siberia takes up a large part of the land that crosses northern and Central Russia into Asia • Russia touches many inland bodies of water such as Back sea, Caspian Sea & Lake Baikal (world’s deepest fresh water lake) • Volga river is the longest river in Europe, carries almost ½ of Russian river traffic and provides water for irrigation & hydroelectric power

7. Population Population -144.7 Mln Urban population - 72.9% Below poverty line - 15.8% Unemployment - 5.9% Labour Force - Agriculture 10.8% Industry 21.9% Services 60.1%

8. Global Business with foreign countries which are not the members of the CIS* in billion US dollars ($) *CIS Countries - 12 Former USSR Republics: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Moldova, Uzbekistan, Kirgizstan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan Sources: Official Russian State Customs Committee Statistics, 1994-2007; "Foreign Trade Change of Time", Moscow, 1996

9. Import-Export • Russia mainly exports: • Gas, crude oil and other mineral products - 65.7% • Metals, precious stones and articles - 16.4%. • Machinery, equipment and transport means - 5.8%. • Russia mainly imports: • Machinery, equipment and transport means - 47.7%. • Chemical products, rubber - 15.8%. • Foodstuffs and agricultural raw materials (excluding textile) - 15.7%

11. Import-Export % * trade with foreign countries which are not members of the CIS

12. Natural Resources • Oil & Gas (Untapped reserves) • Coal reserves • Minerals (leading exporter) • Gold • Fuel • Fishing industry (World 4th largest) • Other Minerals

13. Substantial Business • Russian Defense Industry • Employs 2.5 – 3 million people • World second largest of arm mfg. • Sukhoi & MiG fighters planes • Regrowth in Electronic • Telecommunication Industry • Agricultural Production • Information Technology • Intel, Sun Microsystem, Motorola, Nortel • Research & Development center • Nanotechnology

14. THANK YOU