Energy in Ecosystems

1. Energy in Ecosystems

2. Food Chain What do food chains show? What do the arrows represent? A series of events in which one organism eats another and obtains energy. Food chains show the transfer of energy in an ecosystem The arrows represent the transfer of energy. Food Chains

3. What do food chains start with? What type of organism is after the sun? Describe photosynthesis. Almost all Food Chains start with the sun After the sun is an organism that can do photosynthesis. Like plants and phytoplankton. Sunlight + Carbon Dioxide + Water = Energy This process is called Photosynthesis

4. Sample food chains: Sun →milkweed → aphid →ladybug →bird → mushroom Sun → grass → zebra → lion → vulture Sun → seeds →grasshopper→ mouse → hawk

5. Food Chains A food chain shows what is eaten and the direction that energy is travelling. The fly is eaten by the thrush.

6. Food Chains A food chain shows what is eaten and the direction that energy is travelling. The lettuce is eaten by the rabbit.

7. The lettuce is eaten by the slug, the slug is eaten by the bird.

10. Video Clip

11. Producers An organism that can make its own food , through a process called photosynthesis. Producers are the source of all food in an ecosystem. Without producers there is no food chain. Flowers Phytoplankton Tree

12. Decomposers Organisms that break down wastes and dead organisms and return the raw materials to the environment. Two major groups of decomposers are: Bacteria Fungi. Decomposer Video Clip

13. fungus bacteria Donut Decomposition Rabbit decomposition time-lapse

14. Consumers 3 types of Consumers An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms. Ex: Deer, Humans, Snakes, Bat, Cat, Hippopotamus, Cricket, Rabbit Herbivores, Omnivores and Carnivores

15. A Basic Food Chain Plants absorb light from the sun, which is turned into energy to grow. We call these producers. The vegetarian animals eat the plants, they are called primary consumers. Secondary consumers prey on primary consumers.

16. Sun Producer Primary Secondary Tertiary Consumer Consumer Consumer

18. Pair Share Partner A: Look to your partner and tell them the 3 types of energy levels? Partner B: Look at your partner and describe a producer and give an example. Partner A: Look at your partner and describe a consumer and give an example. Partner B: Look at your partner and describe a decomposer and give an example.

19. Sun →milkweed → aphid →ladybug • producer 1 consumer 2 consumer • →bird →mushroom • 3 consumer Decomposer • Sun → grass → zebra → lion → vulture • produce 1 consumer 2 consumer 3 con • Sun → seeds → grasshopper→ mouse → • producer 1 consumer 2 consumer • hawk • 3 consumer • Video Clip 2 /Prod/Cons Video • Sample food chains with energy roles labeled:

20. 3 types of consumers Carnivores Herbivores, Carnivores, and Omnivores Consumers that eat ONLY other consumers. ( Meat -Eaters) Ex: T-rex, Tigers, Lions, Ladybugs, Spiders.

21. Herbivores Herbivores are consumers that eat only producers. (plant eaters) Ex: Butterflies, deer, elephants, giraffes, rabbit.

22. Omnivores Consumers that eat BOTH consumers and producers. (both meat eaters and plant eaters) Ex. Humans, Bearded Dragons, Turtles, Bears.

23. Sun →milkweed → aphid →ladybug • producer 1 consumer 2 consumer • herbivore Carnivore • →bird →mushroom • 3 consumer Decomposer • Omnivore • Sun → grass → zebra → lion → vulture • produce 1 consumer 2 con 3 con • herbivore carnivore carnivore • Sample food chains with energy roles labeled:

24. A pig eats fruit, eggs, corn, and earthworms. Omnivore

25. : A frog eats insects, earthworms, and spiders. Carnivore/ Insectivore

26. eats grass, leaves, twigs, and shrub Herbivore

27. A raccoon eats almost anything including berries, acorns, baby mice, baby birds & eggs, frogs, fish, and even some snakes. Omnivore

28. Spiders eat insects. Carnivore/ Insectivore

29. A giraffe lives in Africa and eats leaves from trees. A giraffe may eat 75 pounds of food each day. Herbivore

30. A wolf eats deer, dogs, fish, mice, moose, birds, and other herbivores. Carnivore

31. Rabbits eat grasses, weeds, leaves, shoots, twigs, and bark. Herbivore

32. Lions eat other animals such as gazelles, antelopes, and zebras. Carnivore

33. Sheep eat grass and hay. Herbivore

34. Eagles eat fish, mammals, birds, and snakes. They love fish! Carnivore

35. Eats grass and hay Herbivore

36. Eats corn, twigs, shoots, acorns, fruit, berries, green plants Herbivore

37. A grizzly bear usually eat things such as grasses, roots, berries, insects, fish, and small and large mammals. Omnivore

38. Humans Omnivore

39. Eat 150 pounds of plants each day Herbivore

40. Scavenger Scavengers are animals that eat dead animals Scavengers open up animal bodies so they can eat them.

41. Pair Share Partner A: Look to your partner and tell them the 3 types of Consumers? Partner B: Look at your partner and describe a herbivore and give an example. Partner A: Look at your partner and describe a omnivore and give an example. Partner B: Look at your partner and describe a carnivore and give an example.

42. Food Webs A Food Web consists of many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem. It better represents the transfer of energy than a food chain.

45. Pair Share • Partner A tell your partner what a food web is. • Partner B explain the difference between a food web and a food chain.

46. Energy Pyramid An Energy Pyramid shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web. The most energy is at the producer level. At each level there is less available energy. Energy Pyramid Video Clip

47. 5 tertiary consumers secondary consumers 5000 primary consumers 500,000 producers 5,000,000 producers 5,000,000 An energy pyramid shows the distribution of energy. Carnivores/ Omnivores (Tertiary Consumers) Most energy is lost as you go up the pyramid. Carnivores/ Omnivores (Secondary Consumers) Herbivores/ Omnivores (Primary Consumers) Producers

50. An energy pyramid from the Andrews 1 Kcal 3rd level consumers mostly carnivores & some omnivores 10 Kcal 2nd level consumer carnivores & omnivores 100 Kcal 1st level consumer herbivores 1000 Kcal Producers: green plants make their own energy from sunlight 10,000 Kcal