Unit 2: Romanticism, Transcendentalism, Gothic literature

1. Unit 2: Romanticism, Transcendentalism, Gothic literature

2. Objectives 9.18 • Summarize key terms and ideas in Romanticism • Understand circumstances that gave rise to Romanticism • Analyze “Thantopsis” p. 338

3. 9. 18 Warm-up • Something something something.

4. Romanticism • America’s borders and global influence expanded substantially in the years following the American Revolution. • Manifest destiny was the idea that westward expansion was America’s destiny. • What were the problems with America expanding west past the Mississippi?

5. Growth of America • As the country grew, so did its resources. • Many of those resources were sent back east. • America had been forced to produce its own goods following the collapse of their trade with Great Britain. • American ingenuity! Factories and new technology were revolutionizing America.

7. Industrial revolution • Oh no! Children workers! Pollution! Crowded cities! Slavery! • While it’s difficult to argue that the negative impacts of industrialization outweigh the positive, the reaction to this sudden change is telling. • A new breed of American writers wanted to return to a simple way of life, one that emphasized purity, simplicity, nature, beauty. • They were the Romantics, and we’ll get back tho them in a bit.

8. Nationalism • New political ideas grew along with the country. • Politicians advocated that national interests should take precedence over regional or even individual interests. • Sectionalism was the anti-Nationalism and grew along side the Nationalism movement. • America was at a crossroads with no voice to tell it what to believe.

9. Romanticism • Simplicity, nature, individualism. Hey! These guys were hippies. • They didn’t like anyone taking away their freedoms. • They were, thus, not in favor of Nationalism. • They disliked the European artistic tradition labeled neo-classicism. • Neo-classicism looked to ancient Greek and Rome for inspiration.

10. Romanticism • Romantics looked to nature and the individual for inspiration. • They were against slavery. They were against industrialization. • They did not like the Puritan ideals that had dominated American thought for 200 years. • In fact, they weren’t really keen on any religion.

11. Romanticism • Writers from this movement include Washington Irving, William Cullen Bryant and James Fenimore Cooper. • They inspired many of the writers we are going to look at in this unit.

12. William Cullen Bryant • Turn to p. 336 and summarize Bryant’s life in 2-3 sentences. • Bryant. He only played Santa on TV.

13. “A Forest Hymn” • While we read, look for the tenets of Romanticism as we discussed in your notes. • Then we’ll analyze using TPCASTT

14. Title

15. Paraphrase

16. Connotation

17. Attitutde

18. Shift

19. Title

20. Theme

21. 9.18 closure • With which of the following statements would Bryant agree? • Worship should only take place inside a church. • City life is superior to country life. • Humanity lost something vital as it moved to an industrialized world. • Evidence of a divine being can be found in nature.

22. Homework • Choose two of these statements and find textual evidence that proves WCB agrees or disagrees with them. • Worship should only take place inside a church. • City life is superior to country life. • Humanity lost something vital as it moved to an industrialized world. • Evidence of a divine being can be found in nature.

23. 9.19 Objectives • Write essential questions/thesis for grad paper • Write essential questions for “Thanatopsis” • Summarize unit

24. Warm-up • Choose two of these statements and find textual evidence that proves WCB agrees or disagrees with them. • Worship should only take place inside a church. • City life is superior to country life. • Humanity lost something vital as it moved to an industrialized world. • Evidence of a divine being can be found in nature.

25. “Thanatopsis” pre-read • You’re going to read the longest poem you’ve read yet today. • William Cullen Bryant’s “Thanatopsis.” • WCB wrote it when he was 17--just about your age. • What sort of perspective does a 17-year old have on death? • Do you think about mortality? Your own mortality? What does it mean to you?

26. “Thanatopsis” • Though written at the age of 17, WCB edited the poem 10 years later, adding the final 9 lines. • The Greek root thanatos means death. • The Greek word opsis means sight. • So what is the title telling us?

27. “Thanatopsis” • Sometimes called “Mediation on Death.” • We can call it “Thinking about Dying.” • I’m going to give you two sticky notes. • I’ll read through the poem very slowly. • Write down any impressions you have the poem or anything you find interesting or anything that stands out to you or any questions you have.

28. 2nd read • Read through it again. • On the 2nd sticky note, write down questions you still have about the poem and/or any examples of figurative language you find.

29. 3rd reading • With the worksheet, re-re-read the poem, and answer the questions as you go along.

30. 9.19 Closing • Ok. So is WCB right, and it’s ok not to fear death or should we be scared of? • I say we ask him . . . • For tomorrow: • Study for Vocab. 3 quiz • Bring headphones/earbuds • Bring tablet/iPad if you have one

31. 9.20 Objectives • Analyze a text for theme and satire • Construct short responses to a literary text • Create a graphic summary of a text • Pass vocab. quiz 3!

32. Warm-up • Summarize the Washington Irving’s biographical information found on p. 318. • Oh. You can’t use the word “the” in your summary . . .

33. “Devil and Tom Walker” • Washington Irving was part of the Romanticism literary movement. • Based on what we’ve learned thus far, what should be his views on religion and nature?

34. Satire • A story that uses humor and exagerration to criticize a negative aspect of society or an individual. • While you are reading, ask yourself what Irving is satirizing.

35. Satire • The main object of Washington Irving’s satire is greedy people, especially those whose wealth is ill-gotten or gained through the bad luck of others. • Irving pokes fun at this type of person through his exaggerated characterization of Tom and his wife. • The story is based on an old folk tale, Faust. • In the story, Faust sells his soul to the devil for unlimited knowledge.

36. PREDICT • Based on what you’ve learned so far about Irving, what do you think Tom Walker does in the story?

37. SEE • Write critically by constructing a short response to a literary text. • Use SEE. • Statement: Turn the question you are given into a statement and answer the question. • Evidence: Cite textual proof. • Explain: Explain how your proof supports your statement

38. Let’s try with something you’ve read recently • Question: How did the Romantic writers reflect modern sensibilities? • Statement • Evidence • Explain

39. Try another SEE • Question: Why does the speaker in “Thanatopsis” not fear death? • Statement • Evidence • Explain

40. “Devil and Tom Walker” • Reading with a partner. • I have checked out iPads so you can listen to audio using your earbuds. • With your partner, answer the study guide questions. • You should pause the audio periodically if there is something of which you are unsure or are answering questions. • Study guide is due at the end of class.

41. Closing • Do you agree with Irving’s message about greed and religion? • Why or why not?

42. 9.23 Objectives • Summarize details of Fireside Poets! • Use SOAPStone to summarize a poem.

43. 9.23 warm-up 1 • What point was Irving satirizing in “Tom Walker?” • What message, in other words, was he delivering? • Or, in more other words, what was theme? • Did you think it was effective? Do you agree or disagree with Irving? Cite textual evidence to support your case!

44. 9.23 Warm-up 2 • Read the information about the Fireside Poets in your text found on p. 310. • Answer the following questions as you go.

45. The book claims that the Fireside Poets’ work is “morally uplifting” (310). What does that mean? • What is the origin of the group’s name? • What did Longfellow emphasis in his poetry? What other group of writers emphasized these themes? • What were the Fireside Poets strongly committed to? • What were some of the social issues in which they were interested?

46. Longfellow • Read the biographical information on Longfellow found on p. 342. • Cite two key (what you think are the most important) facts about Longfellow.

47. “The Tide Rises, the Tide Falls” p. 346 • Essential questions: • How does this poem reflect the Fireside Poets’ beliefs? • Compare the statement about nature in this poem to a previous poem. • How does the repetition of one line affect the tone and theme of the poem? • Create a TPCASTT for the poem, trying to answer the above questions as you go.

48. TPCASTT • Groups. • Group 1: First and second T • Group 2: paraphrase • Group 3: connotations and attitude • Group 4: shift and theme

49. “A Psalm of Life” • What’s in the title? • Predict what you think it’s going to be about.

50. 9.23 close