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The Annual Varve of 1997 – New Associations in Jyväskylä at the End of the 3rd Millennium

The Annual Varve of 1997 – New Associations in Jyväskylä at the End of the 3rd Millennium Martti Siisiäinen University of Jyväskylä. Structure of the Presentation. What the associations established in 1997 – the record breaking year – are like in their social and sociological features?

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The Annual Varve of 1997 – New Associations in Jyväskylä at the End of the 3rd Millennium

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  1. The Annual Varve of 1997 – New Associations in Jyväskylä at the End of the 3rd Millennium Martti SiisiäinenUniversity of Jyväskylä

  2. Structure of the Presentation • What the associations established in 1997 – the record breaking year – are like in their social and sociological features? • What do the associations of 1997 tell about the character of Finnish collective action at the turn of the Millennium? • Is it possible to find a specific explanation – or explanations at all – for the registration peak of associations?

  3. Data basis of the presentation • Research project “Third sector and innovations In Jyväskylä” (2001-2002) • The Register of Associations as a book of organized interests (est. 1919)

  4. Voluntary associations in Jyväskylä 1920-2001

  5. Figure 1. Registration of new voluntary associations in Jyväskylä 1920-2002

  6. Registration of different types of associations in Jyväskylä 1920-2001

  7. The associations of 1997 and the continuity of the associational tradition • The dominance of the formal registered voluntary association is the first continuing factor in Finnish collective action and voluntary “sector”. • A second feature suggesting the development of the continuity of collective action was the steady proceeding of the differentiation and the cumulation of associational networks.

  8. New features of the associations of 1997

  9. (1) Individualization of membership interests • From ideological to recreational associations (life style) • From members of central organizations to ”wild” associations • From generalistic to specifist associations • From associations requiring strong commitment to associations based on weak commitment and requiring an investment of only a small part of personality

  10. (2) Internationalization and diversity • Changes in the environment from which associational systems’ borders rise • Production of new elements of interpretation frames and structural models and formats of action •  new kinds of opportunities to some parts of local associations •  a new kind of “diversity” compared to the old system of associations • Increasing national diversities & decreasing global diversity? •  ”killer spesies” and the ”extinction” of traditional types of associations • Growing importance of the media •  from production to consumption

  11. (3) Wildness and the lightness of organizational structures • Own model or ”business idea” • Growing importance of international and local factors • Informal recruitment of members • Lightness of organizational structures (direct decision-making) • Smallness

  12. (4) Light commitment and the problem of solidarity • Solidarity = forces which bind the collective and the individual together • Problem of ”organic solidarity” (Durkheim): how to develop ”genuine” individualism and to avoid egoism • Nordic welfare stete(s) as creators of ”forced solidarity” from above  society dominated by the logic of the market  from assocations as production (collectives) towards associations as consumption (individual ego projects) • From stable and long-lasting towards sporadic solidarity • Preconditions for ”disinterestedness”

  13. (5) Centrality of culture in the new organizing • Centre of gravidity of social movements is moving towards cultural movements • Cultural & associations of other hobbies form 2/3 of new registrations • Continuity & renewal • Break-down of (ideological) associational subcultures • Alternatives

  14. (6) The naming of associations • From names representing collective identites towards names as ”logos” or signs for ways or styles of life • Internationalization or Anglo-Americanization of names • Decrease of the names than have more than one meanings (e.g. originating from puns or proverbs)

  15. Explanation(s) for the peak

  16. No ”big” explanation(s) found • Parallel & cross-cutting tendencies: • Registrations and the recovery from the recession develop in phase • EU-membership & EU-programmes & ”project society” • Privatization of municipal services • Dominace of status over class factors

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