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Chapter 3 Classification of Matter

Chapter 3 Classification of Matter. Objectives: Understand what elements are ( 3.1-3.4) Distinguish between metals, nonmetals and metalloids ( 3.5) Define compounds and diatomic molecules ( 3.7 & 3.8) Be able to write chemical formulas ( 3.9). Elements. ~111 presently known elements

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Chapter 3 Classification of Matter

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  1. Chapter 3Classification of Matter Objectives: Understand what elements are (3.1-3.4) Distinguish between metals, nonmetals and metalloids (3.5) Define compounds and diatomic molecules (3.7 & 3.8) Be able to write chemical formulas (3.9)

  2. Elements • ~111 presently known elements • Building blocks • At room temperature: • 2 • 11 • All others • Figure 3.3 – distribution of elements in galaxies, earth’s crust, seawater and air, and human bodies

  3. Elements • Names of the elements • Greek • Latin • German • Properties of elements • Scientist who discovered it • Location where discovered

  4. Elements • Arranged in the Periodic Table (inside front cover) • Symbols • One or two letters • Usually part of name (Table 3.3, pg 52) • Some symbols are Latin/Greek name (Table 3.4, pg 52)

  5. Elements • Classificiation • See Table 3.5 (page 54)

  6. Elements • Metals: • Usually • Good conductors of • High • High • Usually don’t • Readily combine with

  7. Elements • Nonmetals: • Solids Liquid ; Gases • Poor conductors of • Low • Will combine with • Will combine with • Some found

  8. Elements • Metalloids • Have properties of both • Some used for

  9. Compounds • Two or more elements • New • Definite • Can be • Molecular or

  10. Compounds • Molecular • Held together with • Molecule: • is an example

  11. Compounds • Ionic • Ion: • Cation – • Anion – • Held together by ionic bond –

  12. Compounds • Diatomic Molecules • Always only 2 • 7 naturally occurring

  13. Compound formulas… do they really matter? Johnny was a chemist, but he is no more what he thought was H2O was H2SO4

  14. Chemical Formulas • Abbreviations for compounds • Symbols and • Sodium Chloride

  15. Chemical Formulas • Subscript indicates # • H2O has • H2SO4has • NaOH has • C6H12O6 has

  16. Chemical Formulas • Parentheses are used to show • Calcium Nitrate • Ba3(PO4)2 has

  17. Chemical Formulas • The ion sheet – print it out • Show only number and kind of atom • Do not show arrangement of the atoms or how chemically bonded

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