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Greetings!

Greetings!. Human Factors Engineering. Identifying Breakdowns in Team Situational Awareness. Key Goal of US Army. React quickly, efficiently, and effectively Develop new information technology Develop new roles Develop new organizational configurations.

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Greetings!

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  1. Greetings! Human Factors Engineering

  2. Identifying Breakdowns in Team Situational Awareness

  3. Key Goal of US Army • React quickly, efficiently, and effectively • Develop new information technology • Develop new roles • Develop new organizational configurations

  4. Fires and Effects Coordination Cell (FECC) Non - Lethal Targeting Effects Lethal Effects Collect, Assess, Assess Intelligence Disseminate Perform Tactical Plan Offensive Non - Intelligence Disseminate Fire Control Lethal Operations Coordinate RSTA Guidance Establish Sensor - Coordinate w/ RSTA Coordinate with Process Info to Weapons Pairing Monitor Non - Lethal Brigade Combat Display Process Fire Orders Attacks Team Force Prot Assess Situation Coordinate Fires Coordinate with Coordinate with Manage control Process BDA other Elements DIV Intel measures Coordinate with DIV Proactive and ECC Responsive CF MISSION: Plan, coordinate and execute full spectrum (lethal and non-lethal) effects. 34

  5. Future Fires Decision Support System (F2DSS) Planning and Decision Aids Planning COA Simulation Situational Awareness Collaborative Features • Common Operating Picture • Productivity Tools • Electronic White Board • Chat Rooms • E-Mail Messaging • Web Pages • Reconfigurable Workstations • Overlay and Desktop Library • Split Panel Displays • Dual or Split Screen Monitor • Light Pen Interface • Voice or Video Teleconferencing

  6. Research Issues 1. What battle staff processes must be re-engineered to accomplish effects-based fires? Human Performance Measures 2. What are the roles and functions of the future fires organizations (organizational transformation)? 3. What is the impact of the prototype information technology on planning and decision-making? 4. What collaborative tools are needed to support information processing, interaction, and decision making? 14

  7. Challenges to Data Collection Separating the effectiveness of the collaborative system (F2DSS) from the effects of new organization (FECC), new tasks, and the testing environment. “Thinking Outside of The Box”

  8. Research of SA Measures • China Lake Situational Awareness (CLSA) • SA Subjective Workload Dominance Technique (SA-SWORD) • SA Global Assessment Technique (SAGAT) • Crew SA • Snapshots • SA Probes

  9. Breakdown Analysis A system is usable only if the user can work on tasks while remaining unaware of the system. A system’s usability can be evaluated through an examination of the breakdowns experienced while a user attempts to use the system (Scrivener, Urquijo, & Palmen, 1993).

  10. Breakdown Analysis Process 1. Note and classify breakdown by transaction type (user-tool; user-task; user-user; user-environment) 2. Determine probable cause for the breakdown (diagnosis) through examination of the content of the conversation. 3. Propose a corrective action (remedy).

  11. FECC Environment A Sub-system A Task A Tool A Multiple Tasks Tool (F2DSS) Multiple Users User A Sub-system A Sub-system C Sub-system B CBT BN Sub-system B Fires Task B Tool B Multiple Tasks Tool (F2DSS) Multiple Tasks Tool (F2DSS) User B Multiple Users Multiple Users Environment B Breakdown Analysis Figure 1. Interaction between two human-computer subsystems (Scrivener, Urquijo, & Palmen, 1993) Figure 2. Interaction between three organizational subsystems during FCS experimentation.

  12. Breakdown Data During F2C2 CEP 2 1.1 User does not understand task 1.2 User does not have necessary knowledge to accomplish task 2.1 Tool failure 2.2 User does not understand tool 2.3 Tool is inadequate for job 3.1 User becomes aware of environment 4.1 Insufficient information 4.2 Message unclear 4.3 Message not received

  13. In Summary… rouseyj@sill.army.mil

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